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School Museums
The first school museum opened in St. Louis. Visual instructional media was showcased in these museums through exhibits, films, and other instructional materials (Reiser, 2017, p. 8). -
Visual Education
It was published by the Keystone View Company. It is a teacher's guide on lantern slides and stereographs (Reiser, 2017, p. 9). -
Instructional Films
The very first instructional films catalog was published. In Rochester, NY, the public school system was the first to adopt films for consistent instructional use (Reiser, 2017, p. 9). -
The Department of Visual Instruction
This organization was created and has maintained a leading role in the field of instructional design and technology (Riser, 2017, p. 9). The organization is also now known as the Association for Educational Communications and Technology. -
The Merging
The three existing national professional organizations for visual instruction merged together (Reiser, 2017, p. 9). This merger helped lead to the development of the Department of Visual Instruction. -
War Training Films
The US government created the Division of Visual Aids for War Training. These films reduced the time it took to train soldiers (Reiser, 2017, p. 10). -
"Cone of Experience"
It is a visual model created by Edgar Dale. -
Models of Communication
The model by Shannon and Weaver had its primary focus on the process that involved a sender and a receiver of a message and a channel of which a message was sent (Reiser, 2017, p. 10). -
Growth of Instructional Television
The Federal Communications Commission made room for 242 tv channels for educational reasons. Many public television channels underwent rapid development (Reiser, 2017, p. 10). -
Sputnik
The first orbiting space satellite was successfully launched by the Soviet Union. This launch would lead to a series of events that would have a huge impact on the instructional design process (Reiser, 2017, p. 14). -
The Conditions of Learning
This book was written by Robert Gagne. The book enclosed 5 types of learning outcomes: verbal information, intellectual skills, psychomotor skills, attitudes, and cognitive strategies (Reiser, 2017, p. 14). -
Military Instructional Design Model
Many branches of the United States military adopted an instructional design model that was intended to help lead the development of training materials within each of those branches (Reiser, 2017, p. 15). -
Computers
Computers were used for instructional purposes in over 40% of elementary schools and over 75% in secondary schools throughout the entire United States (Reiser, 2017, p. 11). -
Online Instruction in Schools
Around 10% of students in schools at the middle school level to the college level were enrolled in at least one online course. The percentage went up as more years passed (Reiser, 2017, p. 11). -
Online Training in Business and Industry
13 % of training was completed online, and this percentage more than doubled by 2014 (Reiser, 2017, p. 11). -
Mobile Devices
In a survey for students attending college, 64% reported that they used their smartphones for their classwork, while 40% used their tablets (Reiser, 2017, p. 12).
