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Period: Dec 1, 1300 to Dec 1, 1500
The Renaissance and Civic Humanism
The rebirth of Europe helped generate the birth of America. During the renaissance, civic humanism was born; the idea of service to the state and public virtue (Henretta and Brody). This would shape and influence the forms of English and American government.
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Aug 1, 1492
Christopher Columbus and Young Spanish Rulers
Queen Isabelle and King Ferdinand were the perfect match for Christopher Columbus. Both young and power hungry, they granted Colmbus the finances for an expedition to find a new route to Asia. Colombus' courage and voyage powered the beginning of the European migation to America. DS -
Jan 1, 1506
The Spanish Invasion: Hernando Cortes
Hernando Cortes set an example for explorers. His ruthlessness and greed brought about the extermination of the natives and promoted the expansion of Europe with violence. DS -
Apr 1, 1520
South Atlantic System
The South Atlantic System included Spanish colonies in the South and central America as well as Brazil. This was a time when prominent products of the colonies included sugar, tobacco, and rice. JT -
Tobacco Economy
John Rolfe and the settlers in the Chesapeake Bay Region introduce the mass production of tobacco. Tobacco generated lots of money, but also slavery and servants. The demands to grow and sell tobacco changed America. DS
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Puritan Migration
Gold, god, and glory were the main reasons for expansion to America. Between 1620 and 1640, a massive migration of Puritans came to America. The puritans were a closely knit society hoping to preserve a pure christian faith. This is where America perhaps gets its undertone of being a christian country. DS -
Bacon's Rebellion
Nathaniel Bacon and 400 of his followers rebeled against Governor Berkely and began killing natives. It may be the first look at racism in America and an attempt to wipeout an entire species of human. -
Glorious Revolution
Also called the Revolution of 1688. This revolution was the overthrow of King James II of England by a series of Parliamentarians with an invading army led by the Dutch. As a result, the English throne was ascended. JT -
The Enlightenment
The Enlightenment of 1720 was a cultural movement to emphasize the power of human reason to understand the world. The attempts it had to reconcile science and religion resulted in a widespread rejection of prophency and miracle. JT -
The Great Awakening
The Great Awakening was a spiritual movement that occurred between 1720 and 1760. It brought people back into a spiritual life to have a better feeling of intimacy with God and dealt with religion. JT -
Currency Act of 1751
In the 1730s, there seemed to be an American economic challenge. Lack of currency as well as price of products was an issue. The Currency Act, passed by the Parliament barred the New England colonies from establishing new land banks and prohibited the use of publicly issued paper money to pay private debts. JT -
The French and Indian War
The French and Indian War occurred from 1754 to 1763 between Great Britain and France in North America. The war resulted in the development of Anglo- French conflict and the Treaty of Paris. JT -
Currency Act of 1764
-Banned all the american colonies from using paper money as legal tender
-American shopkeepers, planters, and farmers had to pay their debt to british merchants in gold or silver
-The policy cause tension between the colonies and great britian
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The Stamp Act
-Sparked the first great imperial crisis
-the tax required staps on all court documents, land titles, contacts, and other printed items.
(image provided by book was written by michael burgan)
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Boston Massacre
-a group of british soldiers fired into a crowd of rowdy demonstrators
-killed five men
-helped spark the rebellion in some british american colonies
(image provided by wikipedia)
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Salutary Neglect
Through the reigns of George I and George II, there was a British colonial policy allowing the rise of American self government. Pleased by the growing trade and import duties, the Royal bureaucrats relaxed their supervisions of internal colonial affairs. In 1775, the British political philospher Edmund Burke gave this strategy the term salutary neglect. JT -
Declaration of Independence
-was approved by Congress
-main author was Thomas Jefferson
-it announced that the thirteen American colonies were now independent states
(image provided by federaljack.com)
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Battle of Long Island
-British general Howe defeated the Americans
-Forced their retreat to to Manhattan Island
(image provided by americanrevolution.org)
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Washington crosses the Delaware
On Christmas night, Washington and his troops crossed the Delaware River into Trenton, New Jersey where they lauched a surprise attack and captured 1,000 German soldiers
(image provided by metmuseum.org)
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Victory of Saratoga
-One of the greatest victories of the war
-is known as the turning point of the war
-Over 50,000 british troops were captured
(image provided by
dc-mrg.english.ucsb.edu/WarnerTeach/E172/)
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Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown
Washington surrounded Cornwallis and his 9,500 men 2 to 1 by land and cut off retreat by sea
(image provided by chandlerswatch.com) C.M. -
Treaty of Paris is signed
Although talks of a treaty began in April 1782, it wasn't until September,1783 that Great Britain recognized American Independence by signing the Treaty of Paris
(image provided by americaslibrary.gov)
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Jefferson elected president
In an election he later came to know as "Revolution of 1800", Jefferson defeated John Adams and Aarron Burr (image provided by mentalfloss.com)
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Louisiana Purchase
The United States purchased the Louisiana Territory from France for $15 million, nearly doubling the nation in size. (image provided by howstuffworks.com)
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The War of 1812
The War of 1812 was fought between the United States and Great Britain from 1812 to 1815 (image provided by scrapetv.com)
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The Erie Canal
The Erie Canal opened in 1819 and was very successful and useful because traveling over land was becoming too expensive and was very slow. In order to move across the Midwest and back in a faster way, small business began to develop a water-borne transportation system. In 1817 NY legislatures decided to build the Erie Canal and completed it in 1825, which was 364-mile waterway connecting the Hudson River to the Lake Erie. It was the greatest canal built and it set a path for new water routes. PB -
Industrial Revolution
Industrial RevolutionMerchants and manufactures reorganized work routines and built factories, as a result, mass production took place in the nation. This revolution changed the agrarian society America lived in. Factories, corporations, and companies ran the way America produced goods, jobs, and a new way of life for society. In the following years came many great things, such as, new transportation, a new way of communication, and the way people lived changed forever. PB -
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Changes in Social Structure
The Industrial Revolution shattered the agrarian social order, creating a fragmented society composed of distinct classes and cultures. The new economic took people into larger cities and this made a difference in between rural and urban life. PB -
Andrew Jackson
Andrew Jackson was America’s seventh president. His campaign used a lot of publicity; therefore, was elected by popular vote. He also was the founder of the Democratic Party. As President he sought to act as the direct representative of the common man. During his two terms in the White House, he enhanced presidential authority, destroyed the nationalistic American system, and implemented a new ideology of government. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion
Was one of the most gruesome slaves rebellion in which slaves killed over 60 white men, women, and children. The result of this rebellion was enforced slave codes, limited black movement, and prohibition of any slave from learning how to read. PB -
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The Bank War
It began in 1832 when Jackson declared that Congress had no constitutional authority to charter a national bank. He attacked the second bank and said it was “dangerous to the liberties of the people.” And so he prevented the Second Bank’s renewal in 1836 resulting in destroying the national bank and the American System of protective tariffs. PB -
Assault on the Alamo
The Alamo The morning of March 6, President Santa Anna led a Mexican Army on the Alamo. After repulsing two attacks, Texans were unable to fend off a third attack. Around 1800 Mexican troops overtook the Alamo and the Texans. After the battle had ended all but two of the 300 so Texans were killed and 600 Mexican troops were killed or wounded. EO -
Trail of Tears
After President Andrew Jackson enforced the Indian Removal Act, which allowed the federal government to seize most Indian lands, began a pressure of removing Indians and force them to move west of the Mississippi. When only 2,000 of the 17,000 Cherokees moved to the new Indian Territory by the deadline of May 1838, current President, Martin Van Buren, enforced the treaty. General Scott’s army rounded up 14,000 Cherokees and forcibly marched them 1,200 miles to the Indian Territory. PB -
The Mexican War Begins
Mexican troops ambush American Troops along southern boarder of Texas which resulted in 14 American Deaths. EO -
Mexico City Captured by US
American troops led by General Winfield Scott capture Mexico City. EO -
First gold is found in California
James Marshall and Peter L. Wimmer discover gold in the tailrace at Sutter's new sawmill on the American River. EO -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Signed
In addition to recognizing the U.S. annexation of Texas defeated Mexico ceded California and, New Mexico (including all the present-day states of the Southwest) to the United States. EO -
Abolitionist Women
Abolitionist Women were gaining power by speaking of anti slavery the communities. White women delivered lectures condemning slavery. Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a book which charged that one of the greatest moral failings of slavery was the degradation of slave women. Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) opened white people’s eyes to moral issues of slavery. PB -
Compromise of 1850
Admits California as a free state; New Mexico and Utah territories are organized with no restrictions on slavery until they apply for statehood. Under the principle of "popular sovereignty," voters in those territories will decide for themselves whether slavery is permitted. EO -
The Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed people in the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery within their borders. The Act served to repeal the Missouri Compromise of 1820 which prohibited slavery north of latitude 36°30´. EO -
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Dred Scott decision by the Supreme Court. After being brought to free territory by his owner, Scott sued for his freedom, but the court ruled that he had never ceased to be a slave, denied that he was a citizen, and denied him the right to sue. EO -
Harper's Ferry Raid
abolitionist John Brown and several followers seized the United States Armory and Arsenal at Harpers Ferry. The actions of Brown's men brought national attention to the emotional divisions concerning slavery. EO -
Abraham Lincoln elected president
Abraham Lincoln is elected as 16th President of the United States, and is the first Republican. He receives 180 of 303 possible electoral votes and 40 percent of the popular vote. EO
