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European Crusaders fight with the Muslims for control over the Holy Land in Southeast Asia
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By the 1400s, European merchants-as well as the new monarchs of England, Spain, Portugal, and France-sought to bypass the Italin merchants. This meant finding a sea route directly to Asia.
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Ship builders designed a new vessel, the caravel. The carvel was sturdier then earlier vessels. The triangular sails adopted from the Arabs allowed it to sail effectivly against the wind.
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Prince Henrys dreams of over sea exploration began when he help conquer the Muslim city of Ceuta in North Africa.
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Prince Henry foiunded a navigation school on the southwestern coast of Portugal.
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Portuguese captain Bartolomeu Dias ventured far down the coast of Africa until he and his crew reached the tip.
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Christopher Columbus, convinced Spain to finance a bold plan: finding a route to Asia by sailing west across the Atlantic ocean.
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Pope Alexander VI stepped in to keep peacce between the nations. He suggested an imaginary dividing line, drawn north to south, through the Atlantic Ocean. All the lands to thewest of thr line, known as the Line of Demarcation,would be Spain's. All the lands to the East were Portugal's
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Vasco da Gama began exploring the east African coast.
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Vasco da Gama and his crew reached the port of Calicut, on the southwestern coast of India. He and his crew were amazed by the spices, rare silks, and precious gems that filled Calicut's shops. They filled their ships with spices like pepper and cinnamon and returned to Portugal in 1499. Their cargo was 60 times the coast of the voyage. His dicovery had given Portugal a direct sea route to India.
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Although Europeans began conquring many port cities in Asia the people still remained unaffected by the European contact.
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Portugal had built a trading empire throughout the Indian Ocean, In 1509 they had taken control of a Muslim fleet and extended their ccontrol off the coast of India.
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Clamied land in the Philippines and Spain began to settle in them in 1506
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They established a fort at Hormuz. And gained control of the surronding bodies of water such as the Straits of Hormuz connecting to the Persin Gulf and Arabian, and helped stop Muslim traders from reaching India.
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The Dutch broke away from Portugal's rule and became independent
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Netherlands control over the Indian Ocean trade. The nations capital Amsterdam became a leading commercial trade center. By the 1700s the Dutch ruled much of Indonesia and had trading posts in several Asian countries. They also controlled the Cape of Good Hope on the southern tip of Africa, which used as a resupply stop.
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Established trading headquarters at Batavia on the island of Javaand extended west to conquer several nearby islands. They also seized the port of Malacca and the valuable Spice Islands from Portugal.
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They established an outpost in India but i never showed much profit.
