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Dorothea Dix
She became the Union's Superintendent of Female Nurses during the Civil War. She organized the first group of military nurses, and Army nursing improved under her leadership. -
Mary Ann Bickerdyke
Mother Bickerdyke was a hospital administrator for Union soldiers during the American Civil War. By the end of the war, with the help of the U.S. Sanitary Commission, Mother Bickerdyke had built 300 hospitals and aided the wounded on 19 battlefields including the Battle of Shiloh and Sherman's March to the Sea. -
Linda Richards
She was the first trained nurse in the U.S. and developed a system for writing accurate patient reports. -
Clara Barton
In May of 1881, she founded the American Red Crossand became known as the "Angel of the Battlefield." -
Lillian Wald
Wald coined the term %u201Cpublic health nurse%u201D in 1893 for nurses who worked outside hospitals in poor and middle-class. She opened the first public health institution at Henry Street Settlement in New York City. -
Mary Adelaide Nutting
She became the Superintendent of Johns Hopkins Hospital School of Nursing, expanded the cirriculum, added a preclinical training period, and established an 8 hour workday for nurses. -
Lavinia Dock
To advance nursing education, she authored one of the first nursing textbooks, Materia Medica for Nurses, and worked as an editor for the American Journal of Nursing. -
Isabel Hampton Robb
She organized and was the first president of the American Nurses Association. She also organized National League of Nursing Education and helped found the American Journal of Nursing. -
Mary Eliza Mahoney
Mahoney was America's first black professional nurse. In recognition of her outstanding example to nurses of all races, NACGN established the Mary Mahoney Award in 1936. -
Margaret Sanger
In 1914, she founded the National Birth Control League. In 1916, she set up the first birth control clinic in the U.S. -
Annie Goodrich
Goodrich established the United States Student Nurse Reserve, more commonly known as the Army School of Nursing, in 1918-1919. In 1923, she became 1st Dean of the new Yale University School of Nursing begun with money from Rockefeller Foundation. -
Mary Breckinridge
Mary Breckinridge-- Breckinridge founded the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS), which provided family-centered care to rural populations and was one of the first nurse-midwifery training schools in the United States. -
Ida V. Moffett
In 1943 she organized Alabama's first unit of the Cadet Nurse Corps, a federal program of the Public Health Service that was established to overcome a shortage of nurses, and oversaw construction of a second building for the School of Nursing. She worked at the Birmingham Baptist Hospital which is now Samford University, and Samford's nursing school is named after her. -
Hildegard Peplau
She completed her work "Interpersonal Relations in Nursing" in 1947. She served as Executive Director and President of the American Nurses Association. She was known as the "mother of psychiatric nursing." -
Lillian Holland Harvey
In 1948, Harvey became the dean of the Tuskegee University School of Nursing, which became the first to offer a Bachelor of Science degree in Nursing in the state of Alabama. -
Martha Rogers
She was the dean of nursing at New York University in 1954. In 1979, she became Professor Emeritus and stayed active in the development of nursing until she died. -
Virginia Henderson
She took a position at Yale University School of Nursing as research associate for a funded project that was designed to survey and assess the status of nursing research in the U.S. -
Dorothea Orem
She founded the Self-Care Deficit Theory, which states nurses supply care when the patients can't supply care for themselves. -
Madeleine Leininger
Dr. Madeleine Leininger developed the Culture Care Diversity and Universality Theory and was the foundress of the worldwide Transculture Nursing movement in 1974. -
Jean Watson
In 1979, Watson developed her Caring Theory, and she also was the founder of the original Center for Human Caring in Colorado.