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[INFO LINK](www.georgiaencyclopedia.org)After the Civil war Georgias Government looked for a loophole to keep blacks from voting. They devised the White Primary in order to keep blacks out of the Primary elections and made sure their was only one canidate to vote for in the general election. In the 1946 U.S. Supreme court case King vs. Chapman the Court ruled the White Political Primary unconstitutional. The Primary was integrated soon after.
PIC LINK http://multimedia.dailyreportonline.com/1 -
On July 26, 1948 United States President Harry S. Truman signed an executive order to integrate all of the U.S. armed forces. The order was signed after The Gillem Board discovers that the U.S. military’s segregation policies were unconstitutional.
PIC AND INFO LINK http://www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/study_collections/desegregation/large/index.php?action=chronology -
In Topeka Kansas Oliver Brown filed a suit against the Kansas Board of Education in order to stop the segregation of Black and White school children. After much review the Supreme court ruled a unanimous decision in Brown’s favor and outlawing segregation in schools across the country. This new law undid the Plessy vs Ferguson case that legalized segregation
PIC LINK http://americanhistory.si.edu/brown/
INFO LINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_v._Board_of_Education -
On the first of December 1955 Rosa Parks boarded the number 2857 bus and refused to give up her seat for the white male who got on at the next stop. Mrs. Parks act of defiance sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott in which all of the black citizens in the Montgomery are refused to ride the buses for a few months crippling the public transits income and refused to let up until the segregation of public transportation ended.
PIC AND INFO LINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rosaparks_bus.jpg -
In 1956 Two State senators and an Atlanta Attorney introduced a bill to change the State Flagg supposedly in commemoration of the civil war but it was seen as a racist and white supremacists symbol by some. However in 1956 the bill was passed and the flag was changed to the picture on the left.
PIC LINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia_(1956-2001).svg
INFO LINK http://www.newgeorgiaencyclopedia.com -
September 1957 nine black students who were enrolled at Little Rock Arkansas Central High School were blocked by Anti-Segregation groups and the Arkansas National Guard from entering the school building. President Eisenhower sent the 101st airborne unit to personally escort the so called “Little Rock Nine” into the school building.
PIC AND INFO LINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Rock_Nine -
On October 12, 1958 the Hebrew Benevolent Synagogue in Atlanta Georgia was bombed. An estimated 50 sticks of dynamite blew a hole in one of the walls of what native Atlanta resident’s referred to simply as The Temple. No one was hurt in the blast but The Temple suffered heavy damage.
PIC LINK http://jwa.org/teach/livingthelegacy/civilrights/power-privilege-and-responsibility
INFO LINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing_of_the_Hebrew_Benevolent_Congregation_Temple -
In 1960 The Georgia government sent John Sibley head of his so called Sibley Commission to see how the integration of school would affect the white citizens, they discovered that Georgians would rather close schools than have them integrated. SO the Sibley commission decided to allow school districts to pick for themselves. This caused many new private schools to be opened in order to keep schooling systems segregated.
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The Freedom Riders were a group of Congress on Racial Equality members who tested the complaince of southern states to the new desegregation of public transportation. The Freedom Riders had few problems in Georgia but were attacked and eventuall ystopped riding their buses in Alabama
PIC AND INFO LINK http://www.newgeorgiaencyclopedia.com/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-3618&hl=y -
On the sixth of January 1961 district Judge W.A. Bootle orderd that Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter be acepted as students to the Unversity of Georgia. This ended 160 years of segregation at UGA however later on a mob of people damaged the area around Hunter's Dormitory in protest
PIC LINK http://multimedia.dailyreportonline.com/120anniversary/120_1960.html
INFO LINK http://crdl.usg.edu/events/uga_integration/?Welcome -
in the fall of 1961 protesters marched on Albany, Georgia in order to achieve total desegregation of an entire community. The Result was the arrest of over 1,000 African-Americans
PIC LINK http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/civilrights/g3.htm
INFO LINK http://www.newgeorgiaencyclopedia.com/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-1057&hl=y -
In the Spring of 1963 the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) held a Protest in the city of Birmingham, Alabama to call attention to the ways blacks were being treated in the city. The protesters broke laws that their believed were unfair in order to create a large enough crisis to open the doors to negotiation
PIC AND INFO LINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham_campaign -
In August of 1963 over 300,000 protesters marched onto the street of Washington D.C. protesting equal job and freedom oppurtunities no matter your skin color. On wednsday August 28 Dr. Martin Luther King jr. delivered his famous i have a dream speach to the crowd in washington.
PIC AND INFO LINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_on_washington -
When a bomb exploded in the 16th street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabam four African American girls were killed in the explosion. Bobby Frank Cherry, Thomas Blanton, Herman Frank Cash, and Robert Chambliss had set the bomb earlier that morning and were all memebers of the Ku Klux Klan.
INFO AND PIC LINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_Street_Baptist_Church_bombing -
at 12:30 pm November Twenty Second U.S. President John F. Kennedy and his wife Jacqueline were assasinated by Lee Harvey Oswald while traveling in an open topped vehicle during a parade in the city of Dallas, Texas
PIC AND INFO LINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_John_F._Kennedy -
On July 2 1964 the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed into law by president Lyndon B. Johnson. This new act eliminated all forms of descrimination for African Americans and women. The original powers given to support this act were weak but were later enforced.
PIC LINK http://blsciblogs.baruch.cuny.edu/his1005spring2011/2011/04/24/civil-rights-act-of-1964/
INFO LINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964 -
The Voting Rights Act of 1956 denied the ability for states to set prerequisites for voting therefore ending ant disenfranchisement due to race or ethnic background. This act was also signed by U.S. president Lyndon B. Johnson. The Act was considered a landmark in the history of the civil rights movement.
PIC LINK http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAvoting65.htm
INFO LINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act -
in 1966 a fight broke out in a white neighborhood ending in a black citizen being shot by a policemen.
PICLINK http://album.atlantahistorycenter.com/store/Products/85950-summerhill-race-riot.aspx
INFO LINK http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-1382&hl=y -
at 6:01 on the 4th of April Civil rights activist Martin LUther King jr. was assassinated. A bullet entered his head and he was pronounced dead at St. Joseph's Hospital. Kings death incited several race riots across the the country.
PIC AND INFO LINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther_King,_Jr#Assassination_and_its_aftermath -
in 1971 all of Georgias schools were integrated. Each school had two co-principals one black and one white. At first, there were not enough black teachers to keep the school system balanced but teachers were soon drafted from Atlanta.
PIC LINK http://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/10/weekinreview/10liptak.html?pagewanted=all
INFO LINK http://mgagnon.myweb.uga.edu/students/3090/04SP3090-Jordan.htm
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