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Prohibition
Who: Canadians hated the prohibition law, but still wanted strict controls enforced
What: soldiers used money to buy liquors instead of things for their family
Where: alcohols being made & sold affected Canada & U.S.
When: this took place during 1920-1930 & P.E.I abolished the law in 1948
Why: crime rates rose so Canada prohibited alcohol being sold or made
How:"bootleggers & rumrunners" attained alcohol illegally & sold it to the Canadians or Americans wihch links to social & economic change -
Influenza Epidemic : "Spanish Flu" (social, political and economic)
Who: flu severely affected soldiers returning from war
What: 50 000 died (10 000 less killed than at war) virus spread quick since they're overseas, and depart. of health took action over border quarantines
Where: the "Spanish Flu" impacted Canada greatly
When: the Department was formed in 1919
Why: children's welfare and flu linked to Pneumonia which weakens immune system and caused by bad living conditions
How: volunteer groups had Canadians worried about their health by using vital statistics -
Period: to
The Significant Events
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Effects of Winnipeg General Strike
How: general strike was significant from Winnipeg being split into 2 harsh camps, and people thought it was start of revolution. There were polices that raided union leaders' headquarters which interrelates with military, political, social, and economic situations Winnipeg General Strike -
The Winnipeg General Strike
Who: Winnipeg workers went on strike and at the time tensions were intense; Citizens' Committee of One Thousand opposed strike
What: lasted 37 days; many services & industries closed like firefighters, postal workers, etc. (refused to work)
Where: general strike happened in Winnipeg
When: June 21(Bloody Saturday) was chaotic 1 man killed, 30 injured and 100 arrested; streetcar tipped over and set on fire
Why: wanted 85¢ as new wage (8hr shift) & right to bargain for better working conditions -
Reasons for League of Indians
Why: Aboriginals didn't want to lose their tradition and culture, but the Canadian government didn't permit them to practice their tradition becuase they wanted them to be assimilated into the Canadian tradition
How: placed many restrictions & laws that stopped them from doing many things & there were many famous Aboriginal organizations that tried fighting on behalf of their people; interrelated with political and social concepts Aboriginals -
League of Indians
Who: many Aboriginal people created organizations to fight for their rights like Frederick Loft. The Government of Canada took part as well
What: Aboriginals found it hard to keep their culture and have rights as well; were asked to give up identities in order to get their rights and they were also sent to reserves
Where: this organization was formed in Canada
When: organization formed in 1919 by a WW1 Mohawk veteran and the group worked hard through the 20s & 30s -
Group of Seven
Who: they were a group of Canadian landscape painters that included :
Franklin Carmichael,
Lawren Harris,
A.Y. Jackson,
Frank Johnston,
Arthur Lismer,
J. E. H. MacDonald, &
Frederick Varley
What: talented artists joined together & formed a group; they were inspired by the Canadian landscape and they painted many paintings of various Canadian landscapes like nature, rivers, lakes, open land, etc.
Where: Group of Seven formed in Canada and spent most of their time in northern Ontario -
More about the Group of Seven (Political and Arts)
When: the group was formed in March 1920 and their first exhibition of paintings was held at this time as well; A.J. Casson joined in 1926
Why: they were influenced to do these type of paintings because they were inspired by the Impressionists & they wanted the public to enjoy their paintings as much as they did
How: Group of Seven were known worldwide, which enabled them to inspire many people; first to create national style in painting. Even now, people are deperately looking for their artwork -
Prime Minister: William Lyon Mackenzie King (Political and Historical Importance Connection)
Who: Canada's Prime Minister from liberal party (Dec.1921-Jun.1926; Sept.1926-Aug.1930; Oct.1935-Nov.1948)
What: getting through Depression and WW2 and reduce Canada's debts
Where: Mackenzie born in 1874 in Berlin, Ontario and studied at U of T, Chicago, and Harvard
When: In 1908 election King won a seat as a liberal party member
How: governed Canada from his experiences in the civil services and in WW2 because of King, Canada was able to offer a lot of contributions -
The Discovery of Insulin
Who: Frederick Banting, doctor & former U of T student, created insulin with Charles Best & J.R.R. Macleod
What: diabetes impacted N.A. people & unaware of cause or treatment for it; didn't eat starch & sugar since they lacked insulin hormone. Professor at U of T allowed Banting to use research lab
Where: Insulin discovered in U of T
When: Insulin created in 1922 & they won Nobel Prize in 1923
Why: treated many diabetic people and still a major event in Canada's medical research history -
Impacts of Insulin
How: drastic changes in the medical field after this treatment was discovered since there were fewer people dying from diabetes and it's interrelated with social concepts, significant people and historical importance About Insulin -
Chinese Exclusion Act
Who: immigrants from Japan, China, India, and other asian countries were discriminated by this act
What: this act didn't allow Chinese people coming into Canada, except for students, merchants and diplomats; didn't allow non-British or "foreigners" coming into their country & if they somehow came their wages were lower if they had a job
Where: act was issued in Canada
When: act was passed on July. 1,1923 which was "Humiliation Day" for Chinese people; 8 Chinese people came to Canada in 1947 -
Reasons for Chinese Exclusion Act
Why: Canada was suspicious about people that were non-British, they also had hatred towards immigrants (Xenophobia), and they wanted immigrants that were easy to be assimilated; foreigners had to pass a English Literacy Test
How: the act was so discriminative that it forbidded Chinese Canadians to vote and they'd work in menial jobs, and this was related to political, social, economic and cultural factors Chinese Exclusion Act -
RCAF - Royal Canadian Air Force
Who: Wilfred ("Wop") May was a famous Canadian flier; males in their teens and early 20s were in the air force
What: there were many successful missions performed like when they killed the Red Baron & the missions that the Black Flights flew; 40 % of the RCAF were Canadians
Where: organization formed in Canada, but British people were in the group as well
When: on June 1917 the Black Flight shot 10 German planes down & on April. 21, 1918, Captain Roy Brown shot down the Red Baron -
More about the RCAF
Why: the length of pilots' lives weren't long but they still managed to do great things, and the RCAF could send supplies to different countries & cities when they were in great need of it
How: a Canadian pilot shot down an ememy flier that shot down 80 planes, there 438 planes shot down by RCAF in WW1, 4/7 leading aces of RCAF were Canadians RCAF -
Reasons for Person's Case
Why: the women wanted to be considered "person's," so their opinions would be considered in public decisions like elections and they also wanted to be treated the same as the men
How: this caused major social changes since women and men were entitled to have equal rights; the women fought by themselves and achieved their goal & there were key people like the members of the Famous Five Famous Five -
Person's Case Quote
"This is courtship all the world over - the man all tongue; the woman all ears." - Emily Murphy -
Person’s Case
Who: Emily Murphy & the Famous 5 members fought against the Canadian Law as well as the men to get their rights and freedoms
What: Emily Murphy, 1st woman judge in British Empire, a lawyer questioned her right to be a judge since she was a woman but she was supported by Supreme Court of Alberta
Where: Person's case started in Alberta when lawyer questioned her right to be a judge
When: Aug. 1927, Famous 5 ran against the PM & Apr.1928 Supreme Court of CND stated that women weren't "person's" -
Black Tuesday
Who: business people who bought, sold, & invested in stocks were surprised when the night before they were fairly rich, but the next day they became poor since the stock market crashed & they lost all their money
What: people in 1920s wanted to get rich by playing with stocks; fairly simple, people would buy large amount of stocks when they were cheap & then sold it when price was high; selling stocks caused the market to go down & everyone started to become broke -
More About Black Tuesday
Where: stock crash impacted places like New York, U.S. at Wall Street & Canada as well
When: stock market crashed Oct. 29,1929, which indicated the start of the Great Depression; during 1920s there were many people that played the stocks
Why: people wanted to make more money buy investing & by buying great amount of stocks when cost was low and sold it when it became high to make great profits; market crashed since people sold the stocks at the same time -
Significance of Black Tuesday
How: a significant event that started the Great Depression; people started off being multi-millionaires & the next day they didn't have a single penny; people lost great amounts of money. There were impacts on social and economic concepts since people were running everywhere to get money so that they could make a living & support their family Black Tuesday -
Black Tuesday Quotes
"If you have made a mistake, cut your losses as quickly as possible." - Bernard Baruch, 1870 - 1965
"In the game of life, it's a good idea to have a few early losses, which relieves you of the pressure of trying to maintain an undefeated season." - Bill Vaughan
"Anyone who thinks there's safety in numbers hasn't looked at the stock market pages." - Irene Peter
"If stock market experts were so expert, they would be buying stock, not selling advice." - Norman Augustine -
Five Cent Speech
Who: if a Liberal government wasn't present in a province, Mackenzie King stated that he wouldn't offer a "five-cent piece"; R.B. Bennett replaced Mackenzie King since Liberals lost the election
What: affected the Liberal party negatively since they were voted out & the Conservatives came into power
Where: the election took place in Canada
When: election happened on February 1930 -
Explanation of Five-Cent Piece
Why: conservative leader had replaced a Liberal leader; the Conservative leader was dedicated to his goal & gave $20 million for emergency funds, wanted Canada to thrive in many ways
How: because of the "five-cent piece" speech, the Liberals were overthrown by the Conservatives, which was a historical significance & another historical significance was that R.B. Bennett replaced Mackenzie King (a change in Prime Minister) -
Five-Cent Piece Quote
"I will find work for all who are willing to work, or perish in the attempt." - R.B. Bennett Five-Cent Piece -
Significance of Bennett Buggies
Why: buggies invented since people couldn't afford to pay for gas/repairs, travelled at least (8 km/h); called Bennett Buggies & this gave a constant reminder to R.B. Bennett that he was the PM when the disaster happened
How: instead of using machineries, they used 2 horsepowers even though it was much slower it was financially the best method to use; Bennett Buggies were one of the ways that people invented to get around the Depression crisis, which shows that it's related to economic concepts -
Prime Minister: R.B. Bennett & Bennett Buggy
Who: Canadian PM after Mackenzie King & wanted everyone that was able to work to have a job
What: wanted to give the provinces $20 million as emergency funds & wanted to improve Canadian manufacturing and their business
Where: Bennett Buggies were used in Canada
When: in the 20s the farmers had automobiles which was later thrown out since the gas & repairs were expensive Bennett Buggies -
About Hockey Night In Canada
Why: many people watched hockey & baseball since it was very popular; Foster broadcasted this program because he loved hockey and liked keeping people entertained; teams from U.S. came to increase Canada's market
How: Foster had done this show for about 30 years; people loved watching and playing hockey and it made the game more exciting when Foster Hewitt was broadcasting, which interrelates with the social concept because there's a lot of entertainment "He shoots! He scores!" - Foster Hewitt -
Foster Hewitt & Hockey Night in Canada
Who: Foster Hewitt, a famous sportscaster, had great number of Canadians watching his programs
What: hockey was a famous sport and many people were interested into Foster Hewitt's play-by-play games; CND was the nation that started the NHL, which later included U.S teams
Where: Foster Hewitt was a Canadian & Hockey Night in Canada was a show that was broadcasted in CND
When: Hewitt broadcasted his first game on Hockey Night in Canada in 1931 -
Statute of Westminster
Who/What: British Parliament issued the Statute of Westminister & this allowed Canada to make their own laws & regulations; Britain couldn't rule Canada, but Privy Council in Britain still higher than Supreme Court of Canada
Where: document signed in Britain since Canada was still part of British Empire at the time, but it was signed to make changes for CND not Britain
When: British Empire passed the Statute of Westminister on Dec. 11,1931 & Canada gained complete independence in 1931 -
Explanation of Statute of Westminister
Why: provinces & federal government couldn't agree on making changes to the B.N.A. Act & freedom would be given to the countries under the British Ruling; able to do things that they wanted to do, weren't forced to do anything
How: Canada was now able to govern itself on its own rather than with the help from Britain & it became a self-governing nation; first time that Canada wasn't controlled by any other country -
On-to-Ottawa Trek
Who: men from B.C. that were sick & tired of life went to relief camps and they were going to protest in Ottawa but RCMP stopped them at Regina
What: camps were crowded and the men had to work 8 hour shifts with 20¢/hour which was what caused them to go to Ottawa & protest
Where: men went to Ottawa to do the protest but the RCMP caught them at Regina
When: riot started on Jul. 1,1935; several people were wounded & many police officiers were killed -
Explanation on trek to Ottawa
Why: workers wanted to protest because they felt that they needed more money to support their family; trekkers also wanted economic reforms like minimum wages, social and unemployment insurance
How: men had enough and they stood up for what they believed in and fought as hard as they could, they even risked their lives to do it which resulted in social adjustments On-to-Ottawa Trek -
William Lyon Mackenzie King's Quote
Why: presented the 5 cent speech and he also started many social events like senior pensions, jobless insurance, welfare and family allowance
Quote
"It is what we prevent, rather than what we do that counts most in Government." -- Mackenzie King, August 26, 1936 -
CBC - Canadian Broadcasting Company
Who: Canadian government formed this company with the assistance of a Canadian banker named Sir John Aird & PM Bennett
What: there were more stations created across Canada to enhance the quality of Canadian broadcasting; it was first CRBC and then it became CBC
Where: Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission & Canadian Broadcasting Commission were radio stations in Canada
When: in 1939, CBC covered the entire tour to Canada by George VI & Queen Elizabeth & the news got to distant places as well -
More about CBC (theme of nationality)
Why: CBC wanted to prove that it's a radio station that creates a sense national unity; there were many U.S. radio shows & PM Bennett wanted Canadians to be exposed to the Canadian customs
How: government owned company controlled all the radio stations, which allowed different parts of Canada to gain things from radio stations & feel united; lets world aware of Canada's nationality & the things that are taking place there as well CBC
