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Copernicus published the idea that earth wasn't the center of the universe.
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Galileo used a telescope to establish predictions about star movement and position based off of Copernicus' experiments.
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He proposed an idea that a link existed between body and mind. He thought the mind controlled the body's movements, sensations, and perceptions.
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Galton was an enlglish mathematician and scientist who wanted to understand how heredity influences a person's abilities, character, and behaviour.
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James taught the first class of psychology at Harvard and he was called the father of psychology. He wrote a book of psychology that took him twelve years to complete. It was called the Twelve Principles of Psychology.
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HE WAS A RUSSIAN PHYSIOLOGIST WHO CHARTED NEW COURSES FOR PSYCHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS. HE MADE A FAMOUS EXPERIMENT IN WHICH HE RANG A TUNING FORK EACH TIME HE GAVE A DOG SOME MEAT POWDER. THE DOG WOULD SALIVATE WHEN THE POWDER REACHED ITS MOUTH. EVENTUALLY HE STOPPED GIVING THE DOGS FOOD AND THEY WOULD SALIVATE WHEN THEY HEARD THE TUNING FORK.
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In Germany, Wilhelm Wundt started the Laboratory of Psychology because he wanted to study human behaviour.
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Galton published a book called Inquiries Into Human Faculty and its Developments. It was about the study of individual differences.
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Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and Kurt Koffka disagreed with behaviourism and structuralism. They studied how sensations are assembled into perceptual experiences.
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Sigmund Freud was a physician who was interested in the unconscious mind. He thought that unconcsious motivations and conflicts are responsible for most human behaviour. He used a new method for indirectly studying unconscious processes.
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Humanistic psychology developed as a reaction to behavoiural psychology. Humanists described human nature as evolving and self-directed. It does not view humans as being controlled by events in the environment or by unconscious forces.
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Psychologist Leonard Doob illustrated the cultural implications of a simple reflexive behaviour, a sneeze. We need to understand the cultural context in which the sneeze occured, as well as the cultural beliefs associated with a sneeze.