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Griffith discovered that the previously avirulent R bacteria had acquired capsules. The bacteria isolated from the mice infected with the mixture of live R and heat-killed S were now all of the S strain, and maintained this phenotype over many generations. Griffith hypothesized that some "transforming principle" from the heat-killed S strain converted the R strain into the virulent S strain.
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DNA is the active component responsible for bacterial transformation%u2014and in retrospect, the physical basis of the gene
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Wilkins had evidence that DNA in cells as well as purified DNA had a helical structure.[
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Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase did an experiment which is so significant, it is called the %u201CHershey-Chase Experiment%u201D.
