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Giuseppe Mazzini called Italian patriots together to spread ideas of the nationalist movement. Mazzini wanted a republic to rule Italy instead of a pope or king.
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Overthrew Austrians in Lombardy and Venetia. Forced some rulers in other states to agree to constitutions.
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set up republic government by Mazzini and two other leaders.
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Austria recaptures some of it's former possesions in the north. Other states' monarchs return to power with new constitutions. The only completely independent state that remained was the Kingdom of Sardinia.
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Cavour began military preparations for war. Just as he had hoped, Austria declared war in response. Napolean III signs an armitice with Austria in fear of Italian unity. But the people of Italy continued to unite.
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Does this with the help of his "Expedition of the Thousand". Also seized Naples, the capital city. Drove King Francis II and his troops north.
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Garibaldi agress to support establishment of kigdom of Italy, with Emmanuel II as king. Also asks to be governer, but Emmanuel II refuses.
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Venetia gained from war with Austria.
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Rome's citizens had voted for union with Italy the previous year. Italy is now politically united.
