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10,000 BCE
North and South America- First Migration to the Americas
The Paleo Indians migrated to the Americas between 38,000 and 10,000 BC. After the ice age, the ice melted, exposing the Bering land bridge.They were hunter gatherers. -
Period: 10,000 BCE to 1400
The world Before the Opening of The Atlantic (Chapter 1)
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Period: 5000 BCE to
Early societies
The earliest people in North America were hunter gatherers. After 5000 BC, some of these people learned how to farm and they settled in villages. Anasazis live in the North American South-West, 1500 BC onwards. The Hopewell lived between 1000 BC and AD 700. They built mounds for their dead. -
Period: 1200 BCE to 200 BCE
Early Mesoamericans and South American Societies
The earliest American Cultures arose in Mesoamerica. These include the Olmec, Maya, Aztec and Inca civilizations. -
Period: 300 to 1500
West Africa's Great Kingdoms
The people of Ghana were farmers along the Niger River. After AD 300 these farmers, Soninke, were threatened by nomadic herders. Ghana is an Islamic country. Mali lay along the upper Niger River. This area's fertile soil helped Mali grow. Mali's people could control trade along the Niger River causing the empire to grow rich and powerful. Mali had a famous, rich ruler named Mansa Musa. The Songhai Empire was conquered by Mansa Musa. It was then ruled by Adkin the Great. -
Period: 500 to 1350
The Middle Ages
Europe was divided into many small kingdoms. This was a time of Feudalism; the system used by the nobles that separated people. In the late 1000's, a long series of wars began called the Crusades. During the Middle Ages trade began to increase and towns grow bigger. As trade routes spread, so did disease. The Black Death was spread by rats that were aboard ships and killed millions. Then the Renaissance began. -
Period: 870 to 1400
Vikings sailors Reach North America
Vikings were the first to reach North America. Leif Eriksson and his crew were going from Norway to Greenland but got of course and went to North America instead. Native Americans attacked the setterlers so they left. -
Period: 1350 to 1550
Renaissance
The word Renaissance means rebirth; the Renaissance was the rebirth of the Middle Ages. I brought new ways of thinking to European, weakening the old feudal system even more. They were always on the search for knowledge. The Renaissance emphasized the importance of people over religion. This was called humanism. During this time period the economy thrived through out Europe. -
1400
Prince Henry the navigator
Prince Henry was a leader in world exploration yet he never sailed. He made many schools to teach sailers. -
Period: 1400 to 1500
A Sea Route to Asia
The Portuguese set out to find new lands, despite difficulties. in 1488 Bartolomeu led an expedition along the African coast. However his men could not carry on and supplies were very low so Bartolomeu and his crew returned to Portugal. Later, King Manuel of Portugal sent Vasco da Gama on an expedition past Cape of Good Hope. In July 1497, Da Gama left Portugal and arrived in India the next year. Portugal had found a sea route to Asia. -
Period: 1400 to
New Empires in the Americas (Chapter 2)
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1450
Printing Press
The printing press was developed by Johannes Gutenberg. It was a giant step forward in spreading new ideas. -
Period: 1492 to 1548
The Need for a New Labor Force
European diseases killed off much of the Native american population so they needed a new labor force. Bartolome suggested using enslaved Africans as workers. Africans already had an immunity to European diseases so they were the solution. The slaves traveled through the Middle passage: through the Atlantic Ocean. -
Aug 3, 1492
Columbus Sails Across the Atlantic
On the 3rd of August, 1492 Christopher Columbus set sail to explore the Atlantic. On October 12th, 1492 he and his crew landed in the Bahamas. He thought he had reach Asia but was unaware that he was in America instead. In 1504, he died. Columbus had discovered a new trade route to the Americas, starting the Columbian Exchange. It dramatically changed the world. They both traded things that were previously not available to the other. Unfortunately they also shared diseases and slaves. -
Period: 1497 to
Search for a Northwest Passage
Europeans wanted to find a Northwest Passage, a route to sail from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The English, French and and Dutch all try to find it but it didn't exist. -
Period: 1513 to 1542
Exploring the Borderlands of new Spain.
The Spanish explored and claimed much of North America. -
1517
The Protestant Reformation
Martin Luther started the Protestant Reformation, a religious movement to protest against the Catholic Church's. Many Protestants believed God meant for religion to be simple. -
Period: 1520 to 1524
Spanish Conquistadors
Moctezuma ruled the Aztec Empire. The Spanish sent conquistadors. A conquistador named Cortes had 508 soldiers to fight against thousands of Aztecs, however the Spanish had guns and weapons and the Aztecs did not. The Aztec Empire fell. Another Conquistador, Francisco Pizarro heard about the Inca empire. With his 400 men and guns, he conquered the Inca Empire. -
Period: to
European Presence in North America.
The Spanish and Portuguese explored South America. The English, French and Dutch explored North America. These nation expanded their own empires. -
Spain and England go to War
In July, 1588 the English defeated the Spanish. -
Period: to
The English Colonies (Chapter 3)
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Founding of Jamestown
Colonists founded Jamestown. It was the first permanent English settlement in North America. There was a lot of disease and slavery. -
Pilgrims on the Move
The Pilgrims moved to the Netherlands in 1608. They were immigrants. -
New York and New Jersey
The Dutch founded New Netherlands in 1613 as a trading post for fur. William Penn got a charter from King Charles II to start New Jersey. It was made as a safe haven for Quakers. -
Establishing Maryland
Maryland was made by George Calvert as a new colony in North America for Catholics. -
Toleration Act of 1649
This bill made it a crime to restrict the religious rights of Christians. -
The Carolinas and Georgia were Establish
These colonies are south of Virginia and were established by king, Charles II. -
The start of the French and Indian War
Tension had arisen between New England colonists and the Wampanoag. By 1675 the King Philip war started. -
Great Britain Raises Taxes
In 1764 Parliament passed the Sugar Act. -
Stamp Act of 1765
This act required colonists to pay for an official stamp, or seal, when they bought paper items. -
Modern Migrations
Today more than 70 million people have been forced to move away from home because of conflict and disasters and are now living as migrants. The Paleo-Indians migrated to the Americas in 10,000 BC. However, they were not forced to go, they had a choice; they wanted to explore. -
Modern Slavery
Modern slavery can come in many forms. Forced labour is work that people are forced to do against their will. Debt bondage is when someone is required to work to pay off debt. Child slavery is when a child is exploited for someone else's gain. Human trafficking involves transporting and selling or buying people to be exploited. The Africa slave trade started in 1510. Unlike modern slaves, they only grew tobacco and worked at sugar plantations.