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Telephone Invented
Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone, which allowed human voices to be transmitted across long distances.
(Morris, J. History of the Telephone. https://www.nationalitpa.com/history-of-telephone) -
Great Railroad Strike
The Great Railroad Strike was the first major strike in the nation. It began after the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad cut wages for the third time that year.
(Great Railroad Strike of 1877. https://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Great_Railroad_Strike_of_1877) -
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Rutherford B. Hayes' Presidency
Republican Rutherford B. Hayes took office in 1877 as the 19th president of the United States.
(Freidel, F. B. The presidents of the United States of America) -
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James Garfield's Presidency
Republican James Garfield took office in 1881 as the 20th president of the United States.
(Freidel, F. B. The presidents of the United States of America) -
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Chester Arthur's Presidency
Republican Chester Arthur took office in 1881 as the 21st president of the United States.
(Freidel, F. B. The presidents of the United States of America) -
James Garfield Shot
James A. Garfield was shot twice by assassin Charles Guiteau. He spent two months in a hospital, and was ultimately killed by an infection spread to him from his doctors.
(Ackerman, K. D. The Garfield Assassination Altered American History, But Is Woefully Forgotten Today. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/garfield-assassination-altered-american-history-woefully-forgotten-today-180968319/) -
Chinese Exclusion Act
The Chinese Exclusion Act was signed by President Chester Arthur, becoming the first major immigration law. The law required immigrating Chinese to prove that they were not laborers in order to enter the country.
(Chinese Exclusion Act (1882). https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=47) -
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Grover Cleveland's Presidency
Democrat Grover Cleveland took office in 1885 as the 22nd president of the United States. He would later be elected again, in 1893, becoming the only president to serve two non-consecutive terms.
(Freidel, F. B. The presidents of the United States of America) -
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Benjamin Harrison's Presidency
Republican Benjamin Harrison took office in 1889, as the 23rd president of the United States.
(Freidel, F. B. The presidents of the United States of America) -
Wounded Knee Massacre
In the final clash between Sioux and frontier soldiers, 150 Native Americans were massacred at Wounded Knee after the death of Sitting Bull.
(Wounded Knee. https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/wounded-knee) -
Hawaii's Queen Liliuokalane Overthrown
The Kingdom of Hawaii was overthrown in 1893 by a group called the Committee of Safety- 13 businessmen who wanted Hawaii to be annexed by the U.S.
(Overthrow of the Monarchy. https://www.nvlchawaii.org/hawaiian-monarchy-overthrown-territory-hawaii) -
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Grover Cleveland's Presidency
Democrat Grover Cleveland was re-elected in 1893, as the 24th president of the United States.
(Freidel, F. B. The presidents of the United States of America) -
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William McKinley's Presidency
Republican William McKinley took office as the 25th president of the United States in 1897.
(Freidel, F. B. The presidents of the United States of America) -
Boxer Rebellion Begins
The Boxer Rebellion was a massacre of foreigners and Christians in China. It was to support the Qing Dynasty, and lasted until 1900.
(Rebels: The Boxer Rebellion. https://www.facinghistory.org/nanjing-atrocities/nation-building/rebels-boxer-rebellion) -
USS Maine Blown Up
The USS Maine was an American ship anchored in Havana Harbor to protect American interests. It was blown up on February 15, in an explosion attributed to the Spanish. The loss of the USS Maine fueled calls for war with Spain.
(USS Maine (1895-1898). https://www.history.navy.mil/our-collections/photography/us-navy-ships/battleships/maine.html) -
US Declares War on Spain
The U.S. declared war on Spain on April 25, one day after Spain declared war on the U.S. Spain was not prepared militaristically to challenge the U.S., so the war was over in less than a year.
(Spanish-American War. https://www.history.com/topics/early-20th-century-us/spanish-american-war) -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris ended the Spanish-American War in 1898. It gave the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico to the U.S., and relinquished Spain's control on Cuba.
(The Treaty of Paris of 1898. https://www.loc.gov/rr/hispanic/1898/treaty.html) -
Philippine-American War Begins
The Philippine-American War began after the signing of the Treaty of Paris, in which independence was awarded to Cuba but not to the Philippines. Filipino Emilio Aguinaldo then led a group of rebels against the Americans on the island.
(Spanish-American War and the Philippine-American War. https://www.nps.gov/goga/learn/historyculture/spanish-american-war.htm) -
Boxer Rebellion Ends
The Boxer Rebellion ended in 1900, once the empress of China fled the city and eight nations sent in military support for the foreigners trapped inside China.
(Rebels: The Boxer Rebellion. https://www.facinghistory.org/nanjing-atrocities/nation-building/rebels-boxer-rebellion)