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1868 BCE
14th Amendment
This was one of the Reconstruction Amendments, the amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws and was proposed in response to issue related to former slaves following the American Civil War. This amendment grants citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the United States" which included former slaves who had been freed after the Civil War. This required due process and equal protection under the law, and reduces representation in Congress for States deny Ci -
1848 BCE
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
This brought an official end of the Mexican American War, being the oldest treaty still in force between the United States and Mexico because of its military victory the United States virtually dictated the terms of the settlement. In addition the treaty added an additional 525,000 square miles to United States territory, including land that makes up all or parts of present- day Arizona, California, and Nevada. The U.S. agreed to pay $15 million compensation for the physical damage and extra 3.5 -
Period: 1824 BCE to
Age of Jackson
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Period: 1800 BCE to
Age of Jefferson
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1793 BCE
Sam Houston
Being an American soldier and politician, his victory over in San Jacinto secured the independence of Texas from Mexico in one of the shortest decisive battles in modern history. (18 min) Also being president of the Republic of Texas which earned its independence from Mexico in a successful military Rebellion, practiced law in Nashville and from 1823 to 1827 served as a U.S.. Deafeted Mexican General Anotonia Lopez de Santa Anna to secure the Texan Independence, then voted president for accompl. -
Period: 1760 BCE to
American Industrial Revolution
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Period: 1500 BCE to
Beginning Of Exploration
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Period: 1500 BCE to
English Colonial Societies
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350
The Olmecs
What was believed as to be the first advanced civilization, thrived along the Gulf coast. Some on there accomplishments lived along the Gulf Coast for nearly 1000 years and supposed they even influenced the Mayans and Aztecs. They built their houses on artificial hills but floods did the most damage caused the land to become fertile. Another major reason they were well known for the immense stone heads they carved from a volcanic rock called the basalt. Clay pots were extremely among the Olmec -
476
Dark Ages
The main reason it became known as the Dark Ages it was due towards the lack of records and Latin writing outside of the Catholic Church being they were the only ones being educated. Also due towards the fall o the Western Roman Empire due to the mass migration of the Germanic Tribes and people like the Huns. Everything in that era was going backward and economy was weak which was another major problem the people faced for over hundred of years, the Catholic Church were the most educated. -
900
Maya
The Maya people were famously known for developing the science of astronomy, calendar systems and hieroglyphic writing. Also they were known for there human sacrifice within there people to what they considered as there gods. The religion of the Mays involved several aspects of nature and rituals, most of their gods represented a form of nature for example,The Sun God or even the Maize God. But as time passed the Mayan people started to collapsed population started to decrease for unknown reason -
1095
The Crusades
Trade and transportation was improved throughout Europe as the result of the Crusades. Even though though the Crusades failed to capture Jerusalem, they had other accomplishments to back up that failure. By having major impacts on the Western Europe increasing the authority of the king. In exchange for the work they were able to succeed the King passed taxes to pay for the Crusades. Most of the wars fought during the time were for religious and political reasons and for the land of the Holy Land -
1400
The Black Death
This tragic even nobody would have ever thought it could have ended up killing almost half the population (40-60%) of Europe in the 14th century. Plague was what started it all, being in rodents like rats, and in fleas being as the Plague eat of them as if they were the parasite and the host. It spread when the host interacts or bites another host transferring/ the parasite to healthy hosts infecting them and killing the host prior. About 1 in 7 of those affected die from the disease. -
1400
The Renaissance
Best known as the Bridge between the Middle Ages and the Modern History, which was started as a cultural movement in Italy in the medieval period then later spread to the rest of Europe. Brought up the idea that by reviving the ideas or art, and architecture from antiquity they were able to bring upon rebirth of greatness in their own cities. That ended up becoming the Renaissance which mean "Rebirth" starting off fresh again with not as many problems as the society prior of it. -
1400
Bering Land Bridge
This was where North America and Asia separated still today by a narrow ocean which was called the Bering Strait. Importance in the study of the human prehistory since likely the area through which man first entered the western hemisphere, which in the end migrations of large mammals known from fossil evidence to have roamed eastward across the Bridge. As the time progressed the Bering Land Bridge had disappeared , and the continents of North America and Asia that once again separated by waters. -
1400
Aztecs
With a population of 20 million people and being a Mesoamerica people of central Mexico.They sometimes referred themselves as the Mehika or Meshika the origin from Mexico and were famous for their agriculture, cultivating, and all available land. Aztecs sacrificed people to Huitzilopotchli (their god) the victim would be placed on a sacrificial stone, the priest would cut through the abdomen with an obsidian or flint blade;having their heart torn out still beating held upwards the sky in honor. -
1454
Amerigo Vespucci
He was an Italian explorer best known for his namesake, the continents of North and South. He embarked on his first voyage, but his most successful was on his third. He discovered present-day Rio de Janerio and Rio de la Plata. Thinking he discovered a new continent, calling it the South America the New World, due towards that America was named after him. Born in Ser Nastagio adn Lisabettea Mini friends of the Medici family who ruled Italy at that time. Also was a financier, navigator ,and Carto -
Nov 10, 1483
Martin Luther
Was German professor of theology, composer, priest, monk, and seminal figure in the Protestant Reformation: he rejected many Roman Catholic Church teaching's and practices that were being showed to him but preferred not to use them. Because Martin Luther was of the most influential figures in Western history due towards his writings were responsible for having a change into the Catholic Church and sparking the Protestant Reformation. He also taught at the University of Wittenberg/ became a doc -
1492
The Columbian Exchange
Exchange of plants, animals, diseases and most importantly technology transformed European and Native American ways of life. Lasted among the years of expansion and discovery which caused it to impact the social and cultural makeup of both sides of the Atlantic. It was name after the Christopher Columbus though he found North America but instead landed in the Bahamas. When he arrived he killed 90% or more of the Indian population due to the disease him and his crew had from where they came from. -
Period: 1492 to
Colonial American
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1494
Treaty of Tordesillas
It was agreed upon by the new Spanish and the Portuguese; and the purpose was to clear up confusion on newly claimed land in the New World. Brought great advances in European exploration, which made Portugal attempted to find a direct water route to the India and China. Pope Alexander was one of the authors of the Treaty of Tordesillas. Neatly divided the "New World" of the Americas between the two superpowers, all the lands west of that line were claimed by Spain on June 7,1494. -
1500
The Middle Passage
The Middle Passage was the crossing from Africa to the Americas, which the ships made carrying their cargo of slaves. It was the middle section of the trade route taken by many of the ships. This affects Africa dramatically by commercial goods from Europe were shipped to Africa for sale and traded for enslaved Africans. The slaves were traded for raw materials, which were returned to complete the triangular trade. Slaves were captured in battles or were kidnapped, or some were sold into slavery. -
1500
The Atlantic Slave Trade
It all started when the Portuguese started exploring the coast of West Africa . It was not a big deal at first as the numbers that were being enslaved were small but once the time continued, the development of plantations on newly colonised Islands and American mainland, the trade grew. The countries involved were Africa,Europe,Portugal,, and France. The British in the end benefited by this by supplying the factory made goods in exchange for slaves. Profits made in the slave trade provided money -
Anne Hutchinson
She was one of the famous colonist in the early colonies of Massachusetts who was banished from Boston in 1637 because of her religious and feminist beliefs and fled towards the Rhode Island Colony. She had followers that supported her then later she established a settlement on the island of Aquidnecj in 1638. After her husband died in 1642, she settle on Long Island Sound near present New York. She was also a mother of 15 and antiomian controversy which shook the infant Massachusetts Bay Colony -
Triangular Trade
This was a system of transatlantic trade between Europe, Africa, and the Americans. First leg of the trip was sending European products from Europe to Africa, where they were traded, then went to the Americas to be sold. The first stage was involved in taking manufactured goods from Europe to Africa for example, cloth, spirit, tobacco, and beads. It was a route to receive slaves, and the name was given by European merchants who exchanged goods for African slaves. -
Fur Trade
First began in Canada because many Europeans thought it was appealing and became partners in the fur trade with the Aboriginal Peoples. The demand for beaver increased rapidly in the early 1600's , when fashionable European men began to wear felt hats made from beaver fur. In the side there were fox,marten, and mink were also traded but not as much. . One of the earliest/most important industries in North America, and French Explorer Samuel established a trading post in Quebec -
Indentured Servitude
This was mostly known as a person under a contract to work for another person for a definite period of time, usually without pay but in exchange for free passage to a new country. During the seventeenth century more of the white laborers in Maryland and Virginia came from England as indentured servants. Servants typically worked four to seven years in exchange for passage, room,board, and lodging and freedom dues. Lifestyle was harsh and restrictive, it wasn't slavery but there were laws to pro -
Period: to
The Constitution
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Slavery
It was first introduced when enslaved Africans to the British colony of Jamestown,Virginia (20 Africans were brought). Those that were slaves suffered physical abuse, since the government back then allowed it. But in large plantations it was much harsher, which were often managed by overseers and owned by absentee(own) slaveholders. Smallholders worked together with their slaves and sometimes treated them more humanely. About 10.5 million slaves arrived in the Americas and about 4 million died. -
Mayflower Compact
This was a the first agreement for self-government to be created and enforced in America.Also was the first framework of government written and enacted in the territory that is now the United States.A British ship,with 102 passengers,who called themselves Pilgrims aboard sailed from Plymouth England, they were bound for the New World.The Pilgrims had obtained permission from the English authorities to settle in Virginia. In the end it was a set of rules for self- governance by English settlers.. -
Maryland Colony
It was first named in honor of Henrietta Maria who was the queen of Charles l. After it was complete George Calvart died in completing his goal but straight after his son "Cecilius" finished what his father did and established Maryland as a haven for Roman Catholics persecuted in England. Cecil invited both Catholics and Protestants to settle Maryland. Maryland colonists turned to importing indentured and enslaved Africans to satisfy the labor of demandm in which developed into a plantation/slav -
Navigation Acts
This act mainly focused on the Dutch, it required all trade between England and the colonies to be carried in English and the colonies to be carried in English or colonial vessels. This limited trade trade with the English colonies and also other acts were passed in 1651,1660, and 1662. All goods transported on English or Colonial American Ships. This hurt other colonies by causing resentment and were major to contributing factor to the American Revolution. Required all of a colony import baught -
Glorious Revolution
This was important because it was the overthrow of King James ll of England, who would have overthrown the King none other then the union of English Parliaments. The importance of the Glorious Revolution was to destroy any chance of England would have an absolute monarchy like that of France. But in the end England would have a constitutional monarchy in which the Parliament had the majority of the power. It was called Glorious because it achieved its objective without any bloodshed. -
Salem Witch Trials
It occurred in colonial Massachusetts between 1692 and 1693, more than 200 people were accused of practicing witchcraft (The Devils Magic) many people feared that and due towards not being able to situate the problem more proper 20 were executed. Later to end it off the colony admitted the trials were a mistake and compensated the families of those falsely prosecuted.Those who confessed to being a witch was strangled and burned to death, you were crushed to death for refusing to plea during tria -
Underground Railroad
Was first operated before the Civil War helping to end slavery in the United States, this was beneficial towards individuals for providing hiding places,food, and often transportation for fugitives who were trying to escape slavery.The people who helped slaves escape were called "conductors". Conductors of the Underground Railroad undoubtedly opposed slavery,and they were not alone, and even the abolitionists took action against slavery as well. There were secrets routes and safe houses there to -
Act of Union
The acts took affect on May 1 1707 on that date the Scottish Parliament and the English Parliament united to form the Parliament of Great Britain, based in the Palace of Westminster in London home to the English Parliament. Passed by the English and Scottish Parliament, led to the creation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain on May 1 on that year (The UK parliament met for the first time in October)The king during that era was King James of Britain but the kingdom was not created until 1707. -
The Great Awakening
The Great Awakening affected the colonies by changing many people's attitudes toward religion. Before religion sand fervor had been waning in the colonies, so since this reversed and increased the degree to which people felt that religion was more important in their lives. The Great Awakening was a period of religious awakening and reform, revivals that swept over the American colonies that were led by evangelical Protestant ministers. It sparked by the tour of an English angelical called George -
Paul Revere
During the Boston Massacre, Paul Revere wasted no time in capitalizing on the Massacre to highlight the British tyranny and stir up anti-British sentiment among his fellow colonists. He was an American Silversmith and a patriot in the American Revolution, but most famous for alerting Colonial militia of British invasion before the Battles of Lexington and Concord. Immersed himself in the movement toward political independence from Great Britain,was also part of the Boston Tea Party. -
Thomas Paine
A English American writer and pamphleteer whose "Common Sense" and other writings influenced the American Revolution, and helped pave a way for the Declaration of Independence. This was a pamphlet advocating independnce form Great Britain to people in the thirteen colonies. He was an engineer, scientist and inventor -also designed the Sunderland Bridge over the Wear River at Wear River at Wearmouth, England. Cpable inventor and invented, among other things, the smokeless candle. -
French and Indian War
This was a North American conflict in a larger imperial war between Great Britain and France. Each of them having colonies in North America, the British wanted to settle in the Ohio River Valley and to trade with the Native Americans who lived there. But the French built forts to protect their trade with the Indians at that area. The war provided Great Britain enormous territorial gains in North America, but disputes over the frontier policy and paying the war's expenses let to colonial discont -
Fort William Henry
Fort William Henry was constructed to command the southern of Lake George during the French and Indian War. It was the surrender of English as one of the most famous incidents in American History. The French destroyed the fort, heading back to Fort Carillon, and withdrew while other forts were built nearby in later years and the site of Fort William was abandoned. In history of the site revived it is now operated as a living museum and very popular for tourist attraction in Lake George. -
Treaty Of Paris
The significance was it ended the French and Indian War /Seven year War between Great Britain and France as well as their respective allies(American Revolutionary War).Benjamin Franklin and John Adams negotiated the peace treaty with Great Britain. The terms of the treaty was the France had to give up all of their territories in mainland North America, it ended any foreign military threat to the British colonies there. It also established peace between Great Britain and the allied nation France. -
Period: to
The Revolutionary War
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Townshend Act
This was a series of British Acts of Parliament passed during 1767 and 1768, and relating to the British in North America.The acts are named after Charles Townsend who was a Chancellor of the Exchequer, and proposed the Program. It was important because it helped to reignite anger in the colonies against England,one year prior, the Parliament had repealed the Stamp Tax after heated protests from other colonies.Taxed goods imported to the American colonies, but the Americans had no representation -
Boston Massacre
A street fight that occurred between a Patriot mob, throwing snowballs, stones, and sticks,at a squad of British soldiers. Several Colonist were killed at that moment, and that led to a campaign by speech-writers to rouse the ire of the citizenry.It was meant to try to make liberal and moderate people become radicals,was not meant to happen turning something small to a huge crises.Due towards that the British solders and their commander were accused of Murder and manslaughter but found innocent -
Boston Tea Party
Being caused by when "Drunk Bostonian" dressed up as Indians went aboard a ship containing crates of tea, and dumped 340 crates of tea into the ocean losing roughly 46 tons reported damage to be total of 1,700,000 dollars. This was to protest against the British taxes on tea and against the monopoly granted the East India Company.The British government responded harshly and that escalated quickly into the American Revolution.The British shut down the Boston Harbor until allofthe340chestwerepaid -
1st Continental Congress
Delegates from 13 colonies except Georgia all meet in Philadelphia to organize a colonial resistance to Parliaments Coercive Acts. Mainly a series of measures imposed by the British government on the colonies to the response of their towards the taxes that were shown. Later the Congress adopted the Continental Association where each colony enforce a boycott of British good for there interconnection of the colonies to enforce the boycott towards all colonies and the non-expiration of American goo -
Olive Branch Petition
The Petition was written by John Dickinson, who appeals the King George third and expresses hope for reconciliation between the colonies and Great Britain.This Petition was an attempt to assert the rights of the colonists while maintaining their loyalty to their British Crown. This was hope for peace finally after having allot of conflict between the King and the people. Continental Congress send petition to the King but later got rejected, which caused the support for the Revolution to pick up. -
Guerrilla Warfare
This was a form of irregular warfare in which a small group of combatants they use military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, also could be known as petty warfare, hit and run tactics, and mobility to fight a larger and less mobile traditional military. Guerrilla warfare was frequently used avoiding battles, the Americans fought in conventional linear formations in decisive battles against the British.Guerrilla Warfare name came for the Spanish as "Little War" often means to weaker na -
Comm Sense
This was a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1775 advocating independence from Great Britain to people in the thirteen colonies that were already formed. Main reason in writing was to clear and persuasuve prose, Paine marshaled moral and political arguments to encourage commom people in the colonies to fight for the egalitarian government. Mostly needed due towards it being a practical view and approach to ourselves to other people, and to all aspects of living. That was how it dealt with issu -
The Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence best known for giving birth of the United States of America, a document of American democracy and free charters of freedom. Which rallied support from colonists living at home from others living abroad. Reason of being was to explain to foreign nations why the colonies had chosen to separate themselves from Great Britain. Bringing the ideals or goals of out nation and being signed John Hancock was the first to sign the document who was the first president of congr -
Battle of New York
This was the largest battle, and first major battle of the American Revolutionary War to take place after the United States declared its independence,of the entire war, and was a decisive defeat of George Washington and his Continental Army. Howe had brought his main army around their rear and attacked their flank soon after, and about 1,000 american casualties to the British in which they had lost of only 400 men, cant relate the somewhat casualties that were faced after the war that started. -
Period: to
The New Republic
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Battle of Yorktown
George Washington was the leader of the commanding forces on the American side with a total of 17,000 French and Continental troops, begun a siege that was later known as the Battle of Yorktown against the British General Charles Cornwallis and a contingent of 9,000 British troops at Yorktown Virginia, which was another important battle in the American Revolutionary. Cornwallis surrendered to George Washington as French and American forces trapped the British at Yorktown, which ended the ARW. -
Period: to
Westward Expansion
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Three Branches Of Government
The Judicial Branch an the Legislative Branch were called the Congress, they are all connected towards each other: each are defined in there own unique way that they have there own responsibilities and powers. What keeps all of the 3 branches equal are the checks and balances prevents one branch from gaining too much power that would go over the other. Due towards each of the branches that is the reason of why we use each of them for Legislature passes laws, and Executive branch executes laws Ju -
New Jersey Plan
An option to how the United States would be governed, and called for each state to have one in Congress instead of the number of votes being based on population. Delegated William Paterson response to the Virgina Pla, the was proposed in to the Constitutional Convention. -
Northwest Ordinance
Charted the government of the Northwest Territory provided a method for admitting new states the Union from the territory, and listed a bill of rights guaranteed in the territory. Several ordinances enacted by the U.S. Congress for the purpose of establishing orderly and equitable procedures for the settlement and political incorporation of the Northwest territory that was the part of the American frontier lying west of. Slavery and involuntary servitude were forbidden in the the territory, Ohio -
Connecticut Plan
This was adopted at the constitutional convention providing the states with equal representation in the Senate and proportional representation in the House of Representatives. Reconciled the two sides by making up one house of the legislature, the Senate, of two equal representatives, to be distributed according to the population of each state. It was proposed by Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth, Connecticut's delegates the Constitutional Convention, established a two house legislature. -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Founded by John Winthrop and some other colonist, some jobs that were fishing, corn, livestock, and manufacturing are lumbering, and shipbuildiAll co minced when the Puritans who believed the Church of England was too positioned (disagreements) came to Massachusetts for religious freedom, and it was different from the Plymouth colony was different due towards how the Bay was founded under a royal charter. Most of the Puritans were mainly from the East Anglia and southwestern regions of England. -
Election of 1788
The Confederation Congress passed an election ordinance,which set the date for choosing electors electing the president and beginning the new government under the Constitution. It was conducted under the new United States Constitution, which had been ratified in the earlier in 1788.In the election, George Washington was unanimously elected for the first of his terms as president, and John Adams became the firstVice President.Theelectors were chosen by legislatures in many states,not popular vote -
Alien and Sedition Acts
Was first passed by the Federalist Congress and signed into law by President Adams. What was included with these law were, new powers to deport foreigners as well as making it harder for new immigrants to have to opportunity to vote. The Federalists believed Democratic-Republican of Federalist policies was dislyal and deared that aliens living in the United States would sympathize with the French during a war. In the end Federalist controlled passed four laws, known collectively as the acts. -
Bill of Rights
This was a very important document being it comprises the first ten amendments of the United States Constitution, it contains the rights designed to guarantee individual freedom, several of which apply to criminal procedure. This was ensured there is a separation of powers between government branches, it limits the governments powers protecting the citizens rights. The first 10 amendments is what become the bill of rights, in each amendments hold a specific law/ freedom that a person has in U.S. -
Second Great Awakening
Protestant religious revival during the early 19th century in the United States, where it first began on 1790 but gain momentum by 1800, then later after 1829 membership rose rapidly Baptist and Methodist congregations whose preachers led the movement .Camp meeting were formed and large religious gatherings also gave the devout opportunities to practice their religion conversations of non-believers. But in addition to a religious movement other movements alsohave a effect like women's right -
Pickney's Treaty
Also refereed to as the Treaty of San Lorenzo was signed in San Lorenzo de El Escorial and established intention of friendship between the United States and Spain. This guaranteed the United States navigation rights on the Mississippi River, in which Thomas Pinckney negotiated the treaty for the United States and Don Manuel de Gody represented Spain. Fixing the southern boundary of the U.S. and establishing commercial arrangements favorable to the United States. Was left unresolved since Ame Ind -
Kentucky Resolutions
Mostly important since when the Congress was firmly controlled by the Federalists, the fight against the Alien and Sedition Acts moved to the state of legislatures. Was authored by Jefferson by going further that Madison's Virginia Resolution in which he hoped that other states would register their opposition to the Alien and Sedition Acts as way beyond the powers of the Congress. These were all political statements drafted in 1798 through 99 where both Kentucky and Virginia legislature took pos -
Robert E. Lee
Being one of the most famous confederate generals, commander of the Northern Virginia army during the American Civil War. He had a brilliance in war strategy and achievements during the Civil War, in which makes him an iconic figure. General Lee won a total of 7 battles including, Chancellorville, Fedicksburgm and even the Seven Days Battle. But what many need to realize Lee and his army achieved great success during the Pennisual Campaign and at Second Bull run in Mansassas, but defeated in Ge -
Spoils System
This was most recognizable as the a practice in which a political party, after winning an election, gives government civil service jobs to its supporters, friends, and etc. But gain a rewards for working towards the victory, and as an incentive to keep working for the party as well. Renewed civil service of government employees who were appointed by the president specifically because they were loyal towards him and the party. That is the reason for the it being called the "Spoils System". -
Adams Onis Treaty
It was also called the Florida treaty, and was a treaty between the Spain and the United States of America, this gave the state of Florida to the U.S.. It settles a standing border dispute between the two countries. All concluded when it was signed in Washington DC on in the American secretary of state, and Luis de Onism the spanish minister m the treaty had three main effects. The treaty was named after John Quincy Adams and Spain's minister in the United States, Don Luis de Onis. -
Panic of 1819
First negative was the falling of Banks throughout the country failed, mortages were foreclosed, forcing people out of their homes and the worse of all their farms. Was the first major economic depression in US history, including lax loan policies from the Second Bank of the United States in which on one could pay, the Banks were able to do anything they wanted in closing houses and farms. Basically everyone was affected by the bank even if tried to be avoided it was not possible in that era. -
Missouri Compromise
Importance was to set a pattern for the enlargement of the United States without upsetting the political balance between the slave-holding and free states. Missouri was settles by many slave-holders, and it sought admission as a state which would permit slavery. Main reason into creating it was to reserve the balance of power in the Congress between slave and free state, as Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state. But faild to permanently ease the tension cause by the slavery issue. -
Lowell Mills
This was a farm girls and young women who came to work at the textile factory were housed in supervised dormitories or boardinghouses and were provided with the educational and cultural opportunities. Mostly females worked in the Mills and had other priories but getting paid only about three and four dollars per week. Taking care of there own families, seeing there children working in harsh conditions, but worst of all not having as much time with there own family but working the whole time. -
Period: to
Cultural Changes
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Corrupt Bargain
All happened when "John Quincy Adams and "Andrew Jackson" were rivalries but "Adams" was later selected by the House. It was later then when Jackson's supporters denounced this as the "Corrupt Bargain". Would be defined when any candidate receiving a majority in the electoral college,n the House of Representatives awarded the election to Adams. Later was very important in American history/ presidential election in which John Quincy Adams was elected the sixth president of the United States. -
Election of 1824
This was when no presidential candidate had received a majority of the total electoral votes in the election, congress decided to turn over the presidential to the House of Representatives as dictated by the 12th Amendment to the U.S. constitution. Being one of the most hotly contested important in American history, of the four major candidates none received the requisite majority in the Electoral College but in the end it turned out that John Quincy Adams was elected the sixth president of U.S. -
George McClellan
Was mostly known for building the most famous Union army of the war, which won in the battle of Antietam. And running for president; other factors that he dealt with was graduating from the U.S. military Academy, serving in the Mexican War and working in the railroad in the industry until the Civil War broke, then later was placed in command of the Union's Department of Ohio. But sadly he also failed to decisively defeat Robert E.Less's Confederate Army at the Battle of Antietam. Twice commander -
Election of 1828
This was important for it being the rematch between John Quincy Adams, now terrible President, and Andrew Jackson the democratic party drew support from the existing supporters of Jackson and their coalition with the supporters of Crawford and more in was the vice President Calhoun. Also it interesting due towards the fact it featured the seminal process for the nominating candidates in which the set the precedent for the future elections that were up ahead, and also the Bank that was up ahead. -
Jim Crow
These were laws designed to enforce segregation of black from whites, his laws were state and local laws passed from the Reconstruction in 1877 through the mid- 1950's by which southerners reassserted their domminance by denying African Americans basic social, economic, and civil rights. In action include the physical segregation of public schools, public parks, and beaches, and public transportation, also during the time that drinking fountainsm restrooms were segregated. -
Mormons
There was a book published by Joesph Smith as " The Book of Mormon" written by the hand of Mormon upon taken from the plates of Nephi. Brigham Young and his member of the Church arrived in Utah's Salt Lake Valley and believed that was there home, moved west to escape religious discrimination that they were facing so it forced them away. It was believed that the Mormons must marry at least three wives in order to enter heaven. They traveled from Nauvoo,Illonis,which was the principal settlement. -
Railroads
First being invented by George Stephenson who applied the steam technology of the day and created the worlds first successful locomotive. But were first purchased by Stephenson works in England which in during the era, in which deducted the amount of time it would normally take for a person to travel on wagon by more than half of the time it would take. By this brought a awareness towards everyone into creating more railroads and having a wider range of distance in where you want to go with eco. -
Nat Turners Rebellion
The Nat Turner Rebellion was a failed slave rebellion in Southampton County Virginia, but ended up being the Justification for the Civil. A total of 70 slaves began a two-day uprising towards Virginia, Turner was a slave preacher and believed that God had chosen him to lead Blacks to freedom. But during the rebellion Turner's mentor was killed, along with about 60 other whites. Nat Turner's revolt went to different houses and freed slaves if they were found and killing whites when they encounct. -
American Anti- slavery Society
Garrison being the leader and his supporters called for the creation of the new government that prohibited slavery from the very beginning. In which he contended that the United States Constitution was an illegal document because it denied African Americans their freedom. This was the immediate abolition of slavery in the U.S. as the main activist arm of the Abolition Movement in the society in which was founded in 1833 under the leadership of William Lloyd Garrison who was the founder of Anti S -
Transcendentalism
Also could be a identifiable movement, and there roots of their religious philosophy over extended much farther back into the American religious history. One major belief was to inherent goodness of people and nature, many also belied that a sociery and its institutions have corrupted the purity of the individual, in which they have faith that people are at their best when truly self-reliant and independent. In the end the people believed in three basics, individualism, idealism, and divinity na -
Battle of San Jacinto
The leader of the time was General Sam Houston, the Texan army engaged and defeated General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna's Mexican army in a fight that only lasted for about just 18 minutes. The total casualties were 630 Mexicans killed and 730 taken prisoner but in the other side only about 9 Texan soldiers were killed in action of a total of 910 were killed or mortally wounded and thirty were wounded less seriously. In the end Santa Anna the general of the Mexican army signed a peace treaty Ve -
Panic of 1837
It occured by the economics policies of President Jackson, during his term he created the Specie Circular by executive order and refused to renew the charter of the Second Bank of the United States, leading the government funds to be withdrawn from the bank. Dealt with a crises of financial and economic conditions in the nation following the changes in the banking system and that effectively dried up the credit. Ended up leading the U.S. public voters to turn against the Democratic Party. -
Trail of Tears
This was forced into Indians due towards how President Andrew Jackson, passed the Indian Removal Act which gave the federal government the power to relocate any Native Americans in the east territory in which was the Mississippi River. A total of 4,000 Cherokee people died of cold, hunger, and disease on their way to the western lands. Worst of all once being invaded by the whites, they were forced to leave their belongings in went of east without any preparation and slowly dying off as the time -
Mexican American War
Important being forced onto the remnant Mexican government, ended the war and enforced the Mexican- Cession of the northern territories of Alta California. The very first battle of the Mexican was for the Battle of Palo Alto which killed a total of 102 killed, 129 wounded, 26 missing, and in the U.S. only 9 were killed and 44 wounded being caused General Arista to reject a second day of battle at Palo Alto. In the end The United States won the war and Mexico being the learder Santa Ana signed Hi -
Wilmot Proviso
It was designed to eliminate slavery within the lad acquired as a result of the Mexican War. Also prohibited the expansion of slavery into any territory acquired by the United States from Mexico as a result of a settlement during the Mexican American War. Proposed the amendment narrowly passed through the House of Representatives an was then defeated in the Senate. In the end it was a proposition for an American law that would ban slavery in any new territory acquired from Mexico during mexico -
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Sectionalism
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California Gold Rush
It all started when James Wilson Marshall discovered the gold whole constructing a saw mill along the American River northeast of present day Sacramento. San Francisco newspapers in March but caused little stir as most did not believe the account.Being that it was the largest mass of migration in American history since it brought about 300,000 people to California. When James dicovered the god word spread all around the world and many people came over to become rich, start off new again/fresh. -
Seneca Falls Convention
A women's movement rights movement began with a meeting of reformers in New York organized by Elizabeth Candy Stanton and Lucertia Mott, Staton wrote the document that they debated and signed based, the first convention came to be the " Declaration of Sentiments" which demanded equal equal social status and legal rights for women, including the right to vote. Being intended to call attention to unfair treatment of women, there was a convention was a total of about 300 people, including 40 men. -
Compromise of 1850
Brought a five separate bills passed by five bills passed by the United States Congress, where it defused a four-year political confrontation between slave and free states regarding the status of territories acquired during the Mexican- American War. One of the legislative bills were a new version of the Fugitive Slave Act. the compromise avoided sectional and slavery issues for several years. Also was a general solution that was to transfer a considerable part of the territory claimed by the st -
Bleeding Kansas
Important staging ground for what some people argue is the first battles of the Civil War, because it is this battlefield on which the forces of anti-slavery and the forces of slavery meet. Bleeding Kansas was a term used to described the period of violence during the settling of the Kansas territory.Abolitionist John Brown led the anti-slavery fighters in Kansas before his famed raid on Harper's Ferry. Sequel of violent events involving abolitionists and pro slavery elements that took place Ink -
Kansas Nebraska Act
The main reason for this act was to open up to thousands of new farms and make feasible a Midwestern Transcontinental Railroad. Having a connection towards popular sovereignty clause of the law led pro-and anti-slavery elements to flood into Kansas with the goal of voting slavery up or down, resulting into Bleeding Kansas. This allowed the territory to decide the issue of slavery on the basis on popular sovereignty, the union began from falling part for the last thirty-four years. -
Revivalism
Began during Jamaica in where it all began with a movement that was later called the Great Revival, which was a combination between the elements from African pagen beliefs and Christianity that had several forms but had two that were major that everyone knew the " Revival Zion" and "Pocomania". This increased spiritual interest or renewal in the life of a church that part of the congregation or society that was part of the national or global effect. The term "revival" came from a meeting or seri -
John Brown
Was known as a radical abolitionist who believed in the violent overthrow of the slavery system. During the bleeding Kansas conflicts, he led the attacks on pro-slavery residents. He was later became a hero in the eyes of Northern extremists and was quick to capitalize on his growing reputation. Brown and 21 followers attacked and occupied the federal arsenal in Harpers Ferry, main goal was to capture supplies and use them to arm a slave rebellion. Later captured during the raid and hanged anti -
Crittenden Compromise
It was first demonstrated by Senator John Crittenden and it was based on an attempt to prevent the secession of the southern states and avoid the Civil War. Southern members of the Senate, but it was generally unacceptable to the Republicans, who opposed the expansion of slavery beyond the states where it already existed the territories. In the end it was all a series of constitutional amendments proposed in the Congress to serve as a compromise between pro slavery and antislavery factions.(Nort -
Militias
They were considered as U.S. Volunteers served with distinction in the Mexican American War and formed a vast majortity of U.S. troops in the Civil War. For example, Minuteman, they were civilian colonists who independently organized to form well-prepared militia companies self-trained in weaponry, tactics and military strategies from the American colonial partisan militia during the American American War. Explanning this the "Minutemen were among the first to fight in the American Revolution. -
War in the North
The northern states of the United States, what they also call the Union.Some of the areas that were in the north were New York, Connecticut, and Illinois and many other states included as well.It all happened when most of the Southerners did not own slaves and would have fought for the protection of slaver.However they believed that the North had no Constitutional right to free slaves held by citizens asmany abolition societies in the North and South.The North only faught to preserve the Union -
Emancipation Proclamtion
Main purpose was to grant freedom to the slaves in the Confederate States if the States dud not return to the Union, in addition to this proclamation freedom would only come to the slaves if the Union won the War. This was an executive order issued by Abraham Lincoln, it proclamied the freedom of slaves in the ten Confederate states still in rebellion. Also decreed that freed slaves could be enlisted in the Union Army, thereby increasing the Union available manpower. Rebelled against fed govern -
Lincoln's 10% plan
This was Lincoln's preliminary plans for the postwar reconstruction of the South, the proclamation decreed that a state in rebellion in the U.S. federal government could be reintegrated into the Union when 10% of the 1860 vote count from that state had taken an oath of allegiance to the U.S. It had a immediate effect on several states under the Union control/ the goal was for the lenient Reconstruction policy, coupled with dominate victory in the Presidential Election throughout the confederacy. -
Sherman's March to Sea
Union General William T. Sherman led some 60,000 soldiers on a 285- mile march from Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia. The main purpose for Sherman's March to the Sea was to frighten the civilian population into abandoning the Confederate cause. What was the impact was to believed that the Civil War would come to an end only if the Confederacy's strategic,economic, and psychological capacity for warfare were decisively broken. Tennessee was the turning point of the war because it reduced the Confeder -
Carpetbaggers
This was used by opponents of Reconstruction- the period from 1865 to 1877 when the Southern States that seceded were reorganized as part of the Union- to describe Northerners who moved to the South after the was, supposedly in an effort to get rich or acquire political power. They made there money to look for a advantage of the plight of the Southerners, The Civil War had taken its tool on the people of the South, Confederate bonds were given in exchange for money. They moved sound after war -
Freedmens Bureau
Also may be known as the Bureau of Refugees, was meant to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War. Aided former slaves through food and housing, oversight, education, healthy care, and employment contracts with private landowners. Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, established by Congress to provide practical aid to 4,ooo,ooo newly freed African Americans in their transition from slavery to freedom. This did not fail in the end but many pos -
Appomattox Courthouse
Thus was a former small community in the US state of Virginia where the American Civil War ended. General Robert E Lee of the Confederate States surrendered on 9, April 1865 to General Ulysses S Grant in a private house. It was best known as the site of Battle of Appotmttox Court House and containning the house of Wilmer McLean, where the surrender of the Confederate army under Robert E. Lee to Union commander Ulysses S. Grant This effectively ending the American Civil War -
Lincoln Assassination
This was one of the most tragic things things that happen in american history/ sadness that happen. John Wilkes Booth is killed when Union Soldiers track him down to a Virginia farm 12 days after he assassinated President Abraham Lincoln, Twenty-six-year-old Booth was one of the most famous actors in the country when he shot Lincoln during a performance at Ford's Theater in Washington, D.C. on the night of April 14. Andre Johnson later became president after being Vice President -
KKK White Resistance
This group was formed in Tennessee by a group composed mainly of former Confederate soldiers, the main intention was to oppose interference imposed by government and to scare former slaves into " keeping their place" in southern society. This happened during the Reconstruction of the South after the Civil War, it grew from becoming a secret society to being huge Destruction of property, assualtm and murder to achive its aims and influence upcoming electio raids against African Americans and Whit -
Sharecroppers
Slaves benefited by sharecropping which gave African Americans autonmy in their daily work and social lives, and freed them from the gang- labor system that had dominated during the slavery era, it often resulted in sharecroppers owing more in the landowner. Many white farmers also became sharecroppers after the Civil War, the white land owners arranged things so that more of the sharecroppers could not make enough money to but their food and clothes for there family, They ended up borrowing mo -
Manifest Destiny
The main idea that Americans were destined, by God, to govern the North American continent.This idea, with all the accompanying transformations of landscape, culture, and religious belief it implied, had deep rots in American culture. In the end it was the destiny of the U.S.to expand its territory over the whole of North America and to extend and enhance its political,social, and economic influences.The negative effect was the white man had the right to destroy anything and anyone who interfere -
Whig Party
Formed by opposing the policies of President Andrew Jackson and the Democratic Party, the whigs supported the importance of the Congress over the importance of the executive branch, in which they favored a program of modernization. Many that were in the Whig party supported the Henry Clay, someone who was a proponent of the internal improvements, protective tariffs, and the national blank. In the end Millard Fillmore was the last to hold up the title of the Whig party, but later destroyed exp s
