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3000 BCE
The 1st Americans
The first americans to arrive in what is now the United states, actually came from Asia, through the Bering Land Bridge which is Now submerged under the Bering Straight today, most of the water on earth was frozen in Glaciers, these glaciers allowed our early Americans to cross the 1,000 mile bridge and settle the early Americas. After the First ice age, with global temperatures rising, the land bridge flooded around 10,000 years ago. -
1500 BCE
The Native Americans
the first settlers of the American continent were the native americans. Aztecs, Maya and Inca were some of the Groups that were the most advanced civilizations of this time . Many of the these civilizations and ones like them practiced human sacrificing, Bloodletting,and a caste system as well. These civilizations held millions of people. Men where typically hunters and women where prized in these civilizations. Many Tribal ideas and concepts today, originated in this time period. -
Period: 100 BCE to
Beginning of exploration
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475
The Dark Ages
The Dark Ages is a time of demographically, cultural and economical
downfall that we do not have many information about since the average life span was 30 years old you can assume most people from this era died very soon and did not get to live later to be able to talk about this era. The Catholic Church really spread and gained a foothold in this time period. Feudalism and economic social classes were prevalent. This Period is also known for its Intellectual darkness and barbarity. -
1096
The crusades
The crusades were a series of many wars between Christians and Muslims, These wars were religious wars. These wars were started because each group wanted to protect and secure the control of holy sites they both considered sacred. This war was mostly fought by religious fanatics. The crusades introduced Western aggression to the peaceful Middle East and then deformed the enlightened Muslim culture -
1350
The Renaissance
The term Renaissance means "rebirth" which fits very good with this event that started in Florence , Italy and spread throughout Europe later on because this was the time were people started to take a liking towards ancient times, Ancient Greece and Rome in particular. The Renaissance was a cultural movement Michelangelo, Raphael and Leonardo da Vinci are some of the many artist that dominated this era. This is where many popular artwork came from like the very famous Mona Lisa. -
1490
The black Death
The black death was one of the most devastating pandemics. It was a widespread disease that swept through Asia and Europe. It is also known as the bubonic plague, and it was carried by fleas that attached onto rats that ran throughout the place.The plague caused the deaths of an estimated 75 to 200 million people. this disease caused a decrease in population, it increased the waged of peasants. Because of this, peasants were said to be enjoying living with higher pay. -
1492
The Columbian Exchange
Right after Columbus's discovery of the "New World" England, Spain and others decided they did not want to miss out on this advantage and the resources the " New World" had to offer. Soon they began sending large scale voyages too the "New world". They began trading many plants, animals, and natural resources of the land. As the contact with the natives of the land increased so did diseases being given too the Natives which decimated their population and made European colonization much easier. -
1492
Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus was an explorer who made four trips across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain in 1492-1502. He was determined to find a direct water route west from Europe to Asia, but he never did. However, he did stumble upon the Americas. Columbus thought he landed in Asia, so as history clams it, he did not discover the "New World," but his journeys did mark the start of centuries of transatlantic conquest and colonization. -
1492
European expansion and colonization
the Native people of the "New World" remained unbothered for centuries, not knowing there peace would be interrupted by European colonizers like Christopher Columbus. He convinced the Royal Crown of Spain to give him ships and a crew of men, supplies and other resources. Demand for spices were great during this time, Columbus wanted too find the quickest way to Asia to be able to get to these spices, but he sailed across the Atlantic and discovered the Caribbean and other islands on his voyages -
Anne Hutchinson
Anne Hutchinson was born in England, and later followed Puritan leader John Cotton to the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1634. She brought attention to Cotton's spirit-centered theology through biweekly meetings, making him and her brother-in-law be seen as true Christian ministers.She was also an important participant in the Antinomian Controversy which shook the infant Massachusetts Bay Colony. She was later punished with banishment with the charge of heresy by the Court of Massachusetts. -
Triangular Trade
The best-known triangular trading system is the triangular trade imports from one country by its exports to another. The system operated from the 16th century to the early 19th century, carrying crops, slaves, and manufactured goods between Africa, American colonies and the European colonial powers. The slave trade had begun with Portuguese and some Spanish traders taking African slaves to the American colonies they had conquered in the 15th century. It continued until the Civil War era. -
Period: to
English Colonial Societies
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The Headright System
When colonists settled in America they started facing an extreme labor shortage in 1617 because of thisThe Headright system was introduced by the Virginia company to encourage people to move to America and begin the cultivation of the tobacco plant. This system worked by giving each immigrant that paid their passage to migrate to the colonies 50 acres of land each. Because of this the population of Maryland and Virginia grew considerably as a result -
The mayflower Compact
The Mayflower Compact was a set of rules for self-governance made by English settlers who traveled to the New World. When Pilgrims and other settlers set out on the Mayflower ship for America in 1620, they aimed to land in northern Virginia. But after many struggles that drove their ship somewhere else, the settlers ended up in Massachusetts instead. living an everyday life without rules or laws could be almost impossible so, they created this to create a government for themselves to follow. -
King Louis XIV
King Louis XIV served as the King of France for 72 years, longer than any other European sovereign. During his time, he changed the monarchy, established a new age of art and literature and also set his country as the dominant European power. Though during the last decades of his reign, France was weakened by many lengthy wars that deprived them of important resources. -
Sir Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, theologian, and author who is widely recognized as one of the most influential scientists of all time had a huge impact on the Enlightenment. Not only did he create calculus, he also described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion. Newton was fantastic thinker. He discovered the idea of gravity, that bodies attract to one another based on their mass. -
Quakers
The Quaker Movement was founded in England in the mid-1600's by George Fox. He and other early Quakers had a different belief which was that the presence of God exists in every person and they were persecuted for this as well . Quakers rejected elaborate religious ceremonies because they didn't have official members. Quakers first arrived in the 1650's. They also played a key role in women's rights and abolition movements. Many consider themselves as Christians. -
The Navigation acts
The Navigation Acts were a series of laws passed in the English Parliament in the years of 1651,1660, and 1663. The purpose of the Navigation Acts was to encourage British shipping and allow great Britain to retain the monopoly of British colonial trade for the benefit of British merchants. The reason for the first act was to restrict Dutch shipping because they were the British's competition. The rest were passed for the benefit of Great Britain and the British colonial trading system. -
The English Bill of Rights
The English Bill of Rights was an act signed into law in 1689 after the overthrow of King James II. The bill outlined specific constitutional and civil rights and ultimately gave Parliament power over the monarchy. Many experts view the English Bill of Rights as the primary law that set the stage for a constitutional monarchy in England. -
The Salem Witch Trials
The Salem Witch Trials occurred in Massachusetts in 1692 and 1693. After a group of young girls claimed to be possessed by demonic spirits, they started to accuse several local women of witchcraft. More than 200 people were accused of practicing witchcraft and because of this 20 were also executed. After the governor of the colony heard that his wife was accused of witchcraft, he ordered for the trials to end. After the trials stopped, the colony admitted that the trials falsely accused people -
Acts of Union 1707
The Acts of Union were passed by the English and Scottish Parliaments in 1707 and led to the creation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain on May 1, 1707. The United States Parliament met for the first time in October of 1707. It was two acts of Parliament: the Union with Scotland Act 1706 passed by the Parliament of England, and the Union with England Act passed in 1707 by the Parliament of Scotland, thus making these the Union of these two Parliaments. -
Period: to
colonial america
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The Great Awakening
The Great Awakening was a spiritual renewal that went through the American colonies, specially through New England, during the 18th century. Many Christians began to disassociate themselves with the established approach to worship at the time which had led to a general sense of complacency among believers. In a way, the Great Awakening was a way of preparing America for its independence. -
Coercive Acts
The Coercive Acts mainly known as the Intolerable Acts are a serious of acts that were supposed to be acts to punish Boston for the Tea Party. These acts included The Boston Port Act, which closed the port of Boston until damages from the Boston Tea Party were paid, The Massachusetts Government Act, which restricted Massachusetts; democratic town meetings and turned the governor’s council into an appointed body and The Quartering Act which required colonists to quarter British troops on demand. -
Salutary Neglect
The salutary neglect was an undocumented and mostly an American long standing history term that refers to the 17th and 18th century British Crown policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws meant to keep American colonies under England. On the whole, the colonists were allowed to govern themselves with minimal royal and parliamentary interference. -
The French and Indian War
This war was a war that lasted 7 years starting in 1756 and ending in 1763, forming a part in the imperial struggle between Britain and France called the Second Hundred Years' War. In the 1750's, France's expansion to the Ohio River cause repetitive problem with the claims of the British colonies. During 1754-1755 the French defeated George Washington and others.Throughout this period, the British military effort was hampered by lack of interest, and in 1756 the British declared war. -
Period: to
revolutionary era
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Treaty of Paris - 1763
This was the Treaty that ended the seven year war (the French and Indian war). This treaty was signed by Britain and France. The Treaty of Paris gave Britain control of all of Canada, land from the Appalachian Mountains to the Mississippi River except New Orleans, and since Spain allied itself with France in 1762, Florida, also became part of Britain. -
The sugar act
The Sugar Act of 1764 was a British Law, passed on April 5th of 1764 by the Parliament of Great Britain.This was a modified version of the Sugar and Molasses Act (1733), which was about to expire. The Molasses Act of 1733, which had imposed a tax of six pence per gallon of molasses, had never been effectively collected due to colonial resistance and evasion. The Sugar Act provided for strong customs enforcement of the duties on refined sugar. -
The Boston Massacre
The Boston Massacre occurred on March, 5, 1770. A group of British soldiers, come to support a sentry who was being pressed by a heckling, snowballing crowd, let loose a volley of shots. Three people were shot and killed immediately and two others died because of their wounds; among the victims was Crispus Attucks, a black man. The British officer in charge, Capt. Thomas Preston was arrested for manslaughter along with his troops. This event is remembered as a very key event. -
The boston Tea party
The Townshed Acts passed by Parliament in 1767 were repealed but The merchants of Boston circumvented the act by continuing to receive tea smuggled in by Dutch traders. In 1773 Parliament passed a Tea Act designed to aid the financially troubled East India Company. The Boston Tea Party was a protest that was based on the tax on Tea. American Patriots disguised as Mohawk Indians decided to throw 342 chests of tea belonging to the British East India Company into the Boston Harbor. -
The Coercive Acts
The Coercive Acts, usually referred to as the Intolerable Acts) were laws passed by the British Parliament. they were meant to punish the American colonists for the Boston Tea Party protest, along with other protests. It The acts included the Boston Port act and it also closed the Boston Harbor until the people of Boston paid for the tea that they threw over into the harbor. Many saw this as a violation of their constitutional rights but it was simply a punishment -
Battle of Lexington and Concord
The Battles of Lexington and Concord was fought on April 1775, and kicked off the American Revolutionary War. Tensions had been building for years between residents of the 13 colonies and British authorities. On April 18, 1775, British troops marched from Boston to nearby Concord to seize an arms cache. Paul Revere helped sound the alarm, and a confrontation began the battle. More battles followed, and in 1783, the colonists eventually won their independence. -
Common Sense - Thomas Paine
The Common Sense was a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine and published in 1776. The common sense challenged the authority of the royal monarchy and the british government . It was the first work to openly ask for independence from Great Britain. Paine advocated moral and political arguments to encourage common regular people in the Colonies to fight for an equal government -
The Declaration of Independence
It is said The Declaration of Independence holds Americans principles on which our government, and what our identy as americans are based. The declaration of independence approved by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, announced the separation of 13 North American British colonies from Great Britain. -
Massachusetts Constitution
Drafted by John Adams,in 1780 is the worlds oldest written constitution functioning. It served as a model for the United States Constitution. In turn the U.S. Constitution has served as a model for the constitutions of many nations, including Japan, Germany, India, and South Africa. The U.S. Constitution has also influenced many international agreements and charters, like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights -
Period: to
the consitution
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The Articles of Confederation
The articles of Confederation were the first United States constitution and they worked as a bridge for the initial government by the continental congress of the revolutionary period and the federal government provided under the united states constitution of 1787. The Articles of confederation established a confederation of sovereign states. The Articles were written in 1776–77. However, the document was not ratified by the states until March 1, 1781. -
Treaty of Paris - 1783
The treaty happened because the United states wanted to gain its Independence, America decided to send three people to represent them. Those three people were Benjamin Frankin, John Adams, and John Jay. The Treaty of Paris of 1783 stated the United States was no longer part of Great Britain and was its own Independent nation with its own government and laws. Great Britain even opened its waters for Americans to be able to fish in them. -
Shays Rebellion
This Rebellion was started by Daniel Shays and started in Massachusetts in the year of 1786. The Massachusetts government was in serious debt and decided that to pay it off they would raise taxes instead of printing more money to pay off their debt. Farmers were the most affected people because of this and they did not like that. The farmers decided to march into the state supreme court and also closed down many county courthouses to prevent farm foreclosures. -
The Branches of Government
Leaders of the states wanted a strong but fair national government. They had the idea of creating 3 branches of government to balance it out. They came Up with the Legislative branch, the executive branch and the judicial branch. The Legislative Branch makes laws for the citizens , The Judicial Branch makes sure the laws are fair to the people and the executive branch makes sure are being followed. The president is in charge of the executive branch and making sure it is fair and also followed. -
The Virginia Plan
The Virginia Plan was drafted by James Madison laying out his concerns and objectives for the new constitution but presented them more so as a plan. The Virginia Plan proposed a strong national government. James Madisons proposal stated that he did not want to act on people but instead on states. From this proposal came the three branches of Government we know today. The executive, legislative and the judicial. -
The New Jersey Plan
The New Jersey Plan (also known as the Small State Plan or the Paterson Plan) was a proposal presented by William Paterson at the Constitutional Convention on June 15, 1787 . It was a proposal for the structure of the United States Government . The virginia plan was really the reason why this was created. The New Jersey Plan was created in response to it, which called for two houses of Congress, both elected with apportionment according to population. -
The Northwest ordinance
ordinances enacted by the U.S. Congress for the purpose of establishing orderly and equitable procedures for the settlement and political incorporation of the Northwest Territory. that part of the American frontier lying west of Pennsylvania, north of the Ohio River, east of the Mississippi River, and south of the Great Lakes; the area generally known today as the American Midwest. It was an act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States. -
The election of 1788
The election of 1788 was the first presidential election ever. This election was held from Monday, December 15, 1788, to Saturday, January 10, 1789. It was conducted officially under the new and improved United States Constitution, which had been ratified earlier in this same year. At this time George Washington was liked by everyone and was more of a god like figure. George washington was everybody's choice. In this election the vice president was John Adams -
The Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments on the United States Constitution. the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution specific guarantees and freedom rights, and declarations that all powers not directly affiliated with the Congress are reserved for the state or the people of the U.S. Anti-Federalists thought that a bill of rights was necessary to protect and assure individual liberty. -
The Whiskey Rebellion
In March of 1791, the first Congress of the United States passed the first tax ever levied by the United States on whiskey. The farmers of western Pennsylvania, lacking money and reliant on whiskey as a way to bring in money were furious at this taxing rose up in protest against the tax on whiskey.The whiskey rebellion lasted from 1791 through 1794 being the first serious challenge to federal authority.when President Washington called out the militia, the rebellion came to an end -
The First Bank of the United States
The First Bank of the United States was proposed by alexander hamilton and was a national bank chartered for a term of twenty years, by the Untied States Congress on February 25, 1791, Hamilton believed a national bank was necessary to stabilize and improve the nation's credit,to serve as a repository for federal funds and to better the handling of the financial business of the United States government under the newly enacted Constitution. -
The cotton Gin
The cotton gin was created by the inventor Eli Whitney on the year of 1793. The cotton gin was used to separate the seeds from the cotton ball, in a quicker manner. The cotton gin could replace many men by accomplishing their work in a shorter amount of time . The Cotton Gin revolutionized the South by raising the production of cotton and brought higher demand for laborers in the field. this caused an illegal slave trade since plantations needed more laborers. -
Jays Treaty
The Jay’s Treaty focused on the issue of trade.Jays treaty was signed by the Representatives of the United States and Great Britain , which sought to settle outstanding issues between the two countries that had been left unresolved since American independence. The treaty proved unpopular with the American public but did accomplish the goal of maintaining peace between the two nations and preserving U.S. -
The Underground Railroad
The Underground Railroad, was made up of people who helped fugitive slaves escape to the North and to Canada for freedom . The network was mostly known only by slaves and abolitionists. Abolitionists helped by volunteering their homes for the slaves to stay at while travelling through the "railroad" . Sometimes a "conductor," posing as a slave, would enter a plantation and then guide the runaways northward ,Harriett Tubman became a "conductor" of the railroad and helped hundreds of runaway -
The Pinckney Treaty
Pinckneys Treaty was signed on October 27, 1795. This treaty established intentions of friendship between the United States and Spain. diplomatic aims were to secure recognition of American borders. France was unlikely to cooperate on any issue, given that the U.S. had failed to honor the alliance of 1778. Spain at this time held port of New Orleans at the mouth of the Mississippi River. The agreement was to fix the southern boundary of the U.S. and establishing arrangements. -
The Election of 1796
For the election of 1800 , Was the first election that was held after George washington's 2nd term ending. In the election of 1796 John Adams the federalist is nominated for president by the Federalists and ran against Thomas Jefferson a republican that was nominated for president by the Dem/Reps . Because there were no running mates and as a second place winner Thomas Jefferson wins vice president -
Washingtons farewell address
Washingtons Farewell Address is a letter written by the first President of the United States George Washington to his friends and the "fellow-citizens". George washington. In early 1796 He wrote the address when he decided not to seek reelection for a third term but never delivered it. Washington urged Americans to avoid excessive political party spirit and geographical distinctions. In foreign affairs, he warned against long-term alliances with other nations. -
XYZ Affair
The XYZ Affair was, in fact, a diplomatic incident between France and America in the late 18th century that led to an undeclared war at sea. France went to war with Great Britain in 1793 while America was neutral. Later the next year, the U.S. and Britain signed the Jay Treaty, thinking that it violated earlier treaties. After members of Congress asked to know what happened in France, Adams handed it over with the names of people replaced with an X, Y and Z. hence the XYZ Affair's name. -
Election of 1800
During this election The Naval war had just ended and their is a major division among federalist. John Adams goes against Thomas Jefferson again like in the election of 1796. Jefferson tied with Aaron burr , they then take up to the house of representatives where a deal is struck and hamilton persuades house to vote for jefferson. This election leads to the 12th amendment which requires seperate ballots for vice president and president. -
Marbury vs Madison
Marbury vs Madison is a very famous and the most important case in Supreme Court history . This case came about when James Madison did not deliver William Marbury's commission as justice of the peace. When the supreme court hears the case chief justice John Marshall sided with Murbury. The decision established the Court's power of judicial review over acts of Congress . At this time the supreme court could not decide laws yet , which is why this set up the modern court. -
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase was a land deal between the United States and France The United States purchased approximately 828,000,000 square miles of territory from Franc., when Napoleon threatens to close the port of New Orleans Jefferson buys Louisiana for less than 3 cents an acre. He secures the Mississippi River and this purchase doubles the size of the nation. This purchase is considered one of the most important achievements of Thomas Jefferson’s presidency. -
War of 1812
The war of 1812 lasted until 1812. Many want war with Britain but America declares war on Britain and from 1812 to 1813 america takes on land based strategy. The Americans declared war to stop British impressment, reopen the trade lanes with France and remove British support from Native American tribes. All four of these goals were achieved by the time peace broke out. The British gained little to nothing from the war. But it was kind of like a tie. -
Battle of New Orleans
In January of 1815, the British marched to New Orleans hoping to capture it, separating it from the rest of the U.S.. However, Pirate Jean Lafitte had told the Americans of the attack, and the British militiamen under General Jackson went into position. In two assaults, the British soldiers were unable to penetrate the U.S. defenses. In half an hour, General Pakenham died, and many of his men were killed or injured. The U.S. came out with only eight dead and 13 wounded. -
McCulloch vs Maryland
In McCulloch vs. Maryland, the Supreme Court ruled that Congress had implied powers under the Necessary and Proper Clause of Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution to create the Second Bank of the United States and that Maryland lacked the power to tax the Bank. The state of Maryland imposed a tax on the bank of $15,000/year, which cashier McCulloch of the Baltimore branch refused to pay. Maryland argued that as a sovereign state, it had the power to tax any business within its borders. -
Panic of 1819
In the year of 1819 the post war of 1812 economic expansion ended. Banks around the country failed and many mortgages were foreclosed , forcing people out of their farms and homes. Falling prices impaired agriculture and manufacturing led to Unemployment becoming a widespread problem and the whole country did not recuperate until the year of 1824 -
Adams- Onis Treaty
The Adams-Onis Treaty is also knows as the Florida Purchase treaty . This Treaty happened between the United States and Spain in 1819 and was based on the state of Florida. Spain ceded Florida to the United States which then defined the boundary between the New Spain and The United States of America . -
Missouri Compromise
The state of Missouri applied to be a statehood as a slave state but with that came slave states having more representation in the Senate which created an issue, because of this Henry Clay proposed the Missouri compromise there were three parts to the compromise one main entered as a free state two Missouri as a slave state and three prohibited slavery north of 36° 20° north which was the southern border of missouri days kept a balance between free and slave states in the Senate -
The second Great Awakening
Like the First Great Awakening the second great awakening was a religious revival. A protestant revival which was a movement that began around the year of 1790, gained momentum by 1800 and after 1820 rapidly grew among baptist and methodist congregations . The 2nd Great Awakening led to colleges being founded and seminaries as well and to the organizations of mission societies . -
The Monroe Doctrine
In his annual message to Congress James Monroe president at the time declared that the new world and old world had different systems and must each remain in their own world ( European colonies/ countries ) it also stated that if any European nation try to take control of any independent state in south or north America that would be viewed as a sign of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States -
Period: to
jefferson
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election of 1828
The United States presidential election of 1828 was the 11th presidential election to take place. The Election of 1828 was held from Friday, October 31, 1828 to Tuesday, December 2, 1828. It featured a re-match between incumbent President John Quincy Adams, and Andrew Jackson, who won a plurality of the electoral college vote in the 1824 election. -
Death of Andrew Jackson's Wife
Rachel Jackson (1767-1828) was the wife of U.S. Army general and President-elect Andrew Jackson, who became the seventh president of the United States (1829–37). She died less than three months before his inauguration. Then Andrew Jackson threw his inauguration ball. The White House has seen a lot of big parties, but nothing compares to March 4, 1829, when Andrew Jackson’s open house sparked a mob scene that almost destroyed the president’s house. He had this party after his wife died. -
Changes in Transportation
There were three main types of transportation that increased during the Industrial Revolution: waterways, roads, and railroads. Transportation was important because people were starting to live in the West. During this time period, transportation by water was the cheapest way to move heavy products. As a result, canals were widened and deepened to allow more boats to pass. The roads also improved during this time. These all made traveling safer, and it allowed goods to be moved more efficiently. -
Trail Of tears
The Trail of Tears was a series of forced removals of Native Americans from their homes in the Southeastern Untied States to an area around the Mississippi River that had been known to be Indian Territory. In the beginning of the 1830's, Native Americans lived on miles of land in Georgia, Tennessee, Alabama, North Carolina and Florida. The Indian Removal Act was the beginning of the removal period. Andrew Jackson proved that he wasn't very fond of Indians, and in the 1830's he signed the Act. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion
Nat Turner's Rebellion was a slave rebellion that happened in Virginia during August of 1831. Led by Nat Turner, a religious mystic, rebel slaves killed 55 to 65 whites including women and children. This rebellion turned out to be the largest and deadliest slave uprising in U.S. history and eventually lead Virginia to secession. It caused greater fear and stricter enforcement by southern whites. And even some believe that this was an event that lead to the Civil War. -
Election of 1832
The United States presidential election of 1828 was the 11th quadrennial presidential election, held from Friday, October 31, to Tuesday, December 2, 1828. It featured a re-match between President John Quincy Adams, and Andrew Jackson, who won a plurality of the electoral college vote in the 1824 election. -
anti slavery movement
The goal of the abolitionist movement was the immediate emancipation of all slaves and the end of racial discrimination and segregation. Advocating for immediate emancipation distinguished abolitionists from more moderate anti-slavery advocates who argued for gradual emancipation, and from free-soil activists who sought to restrict slavery to existing areas and prevent its spread further west. -
Free Black Communities
When Americans think of African-Americans in the deep south before the Civil War, the first image that invariably comes to mind is one of slavery. However, many African-Americans were able to secure their freedom and live in a state of semi-freedom even before slavery was abolished by war. Free backs lived in all parts of the United States, but the majority lived amid slavery in the American South. It is estimated that by 1860 there were about 1.5 million free blacks in the southern states. -
Election of 1836
Martin Van Buren was the personal choice of Andrew Jackson and faced no opposition for the Democratic nomination. Martin Van Buren The Whigs, however, were badly split and decided to field a number of regional candidates in the hope of having the issue decided by the House of Representatives. William Henry Harrison, hero of the Battle of Tippecanoe, hoped to gain the support of Western voters, Daniel Webster had strength in New England, and Hugh Lawson White had backing in the South. Buren won. -
panic of 1837
Jackson's comments to the Senate when he vetoed (rejected) the bank bill. Andrew Jackson, whom had served as secretary of state, vice president, and close adviser, hurt the federal Second Bank of the United States by moving federal funds to smaller state banks. President Martin Van Buren was blamed for the tragedy and proposed the system for the retaining government funds in the United States Treasury and its sub-treasuries to address the situation but met with strong opposition by the Whigs. -
election of 1840
The election of 1840 was the election of democrats against whigs. Martin van Buren runs for re-election against general William Henry Harrison. William Henry Buren was the whig and Martin Van Buren the democrat. The whigs get women to influence their husbands votes. Harrison wins election but only lasts a month and John Tyler becomes President. -
Period: to
westward expansion
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Election of 1844
The United States presidential election of 1844 was the 15th quadrennial presidential election, held from November 1, to December 4, 1844. Democrat James K. Polk defeated Whig Henry Clay in a close contest that turned on the controversial issues of slavery and the annexation of the Republic of Texas. This U.S. presidential election saw Democrat James Knox Polk defeat Whig Henry Clay in a close contest that turned on foreign policy, with Polk favoring the annexation of Texas and Clay opposed. -
Temperance Movement
The temperance movement of the 19th and early 20th centuries was an organized effort to encourage moderation in the consumption of liquors or press for complete abstinence. The movement's ranks were mostly filled by women who, with their children, had endured the effects of unbridled drinking by many of their men. In fact, alcohol was blamed for many of society's demerits, among them health problems, destitution and crime. At first, they used moral suasion to address the problem. -
The Mexican-american war
The Mexican-American War marked the first U.S. armed conflict 4 fought on foreign soil. It pitted a politically divided and militarily unprepared Mexico against the expansionist-minded administration of U.S. President James K. Polk, who thought the United States had a “manifest destiny” to spread across the continent to the Pacific Ocean. When the dust cleared, Mexico had lost about one-third of its territory, including nearly all of present-day California, Utah, Nevada, Arizona and New Mexico. -
The wilmot provisoc
The Wilmot Proviso was designed to eliminate slavery within the land acquired as a result of the Mexican War (1846-48). Soon after the war began, President James K. Polk sought the appropriation of $2 million as part of a bill to negotiate the terms of a treaty. Fearing the addition of a pro-slave territory, Pennsylvania Congressman David Wilmot proposed his amendment to the bill. -
Election of 1848
In the election of 1848 as a Democrat we had Lewis Cass and as the whig we had Zachary Taylor. Zachary Taylor‘s views were mostly unknown during the election he campaigned in the south as pro slave But when he went to the north he campaigned for banning slavery. Zachary Taylor wins this election -
The California Gold Rush
In 1848 James W. Marshall dicovered a very valuable metal known as gold in Sutter's Mill, California. News of the newfound discovery spread quickly, resulting in many people coming to California from around the U.S. to get a few pieces of gold for themselves. These early seekers, named the "forty-niners," often traveled to California with a lot of hardships . California quickly became a place where colonists decided to settle down. -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed on February 2 of 1848. This treaty is also known as the treaty of peace and friendship. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo settled the border disputes. It gave the United States the Rio grande as a boundary for Texas and California as well and a large area comprising half of New Mexico most of Arizona Nevada and Utah. It’s seized over half of Mexico’s territory but there’s also brought upon problems over slavery in the future. -
Seneca Falls Convention
The Seneca Falls Convention took place in Seneca Falls, New York in July 1848. Hundreds of women and a number of men went on the 20th (the second day) to talk about women's rights. They wrote the Declaration of Sentiments , which among other things, tried to get women the right to vote. It's significant today because of the fact that it was a form of independence as women, and a fight about equality among the sexes. -
Harriet Tubman
Harriet Tubman became famous as a “conductor” on the Underground Railroad during the turbulent 1850s. Born a slave, she endured the harsh existence of a field hand, including brutal beatings. In 1849 she fled slavery, leaving her family behind in order to escape. Despite a bounty on her head, she returned to the South at least 19 times to lead her family and hundreds of other slaves to freedom via the Underground Railroad. Tubman also served as a scout, spy and nurse during the Civil War. -
The Fugitive slave act
The fugitive slave act was passed in 1850 and repealed in 1864 it provided for the seizure and return of runaway slaves that I had escaped from one state into another one or into a federal territory. The fugitives had no right to trial and whites were jailed or find for refusing to help slave owners find and return their slaves -
Popular sovereignty
Popular sovereignty was the political doctrine that the people who lived in a region should determine for themselves the nature of their government. In U.S. history, it was applied particularly to the idea that settlers of federal territorial lands should decide the terms under which they would join the Union, primarily applied to the status as free or slave. The first proponent of the concept was Senator Lewis Cass of Michigan, who put the idea forward while opposing the Wilmot Proviso in 1846 -
Personal Liberty Laws
TThe personal liberty laws took place when 9 northern states prohibit the returning of slaves. This polarized the country even This polarized the country even more. The Neutral northerners were forced to pick sides and free slave communities were affected. Southern politics involved themselves in the northerners lives. -
Uncle Toms Cabin
Uncle Tom's Cabin is an anti-slavery novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe, Published in 1852. The inspiration for this book came from the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 just before the Civil War. Many say that the anti-slavery book had an effect on what was to eventually become the Civil War. Enraged at the response to this book, a pro-slavery woman, Mary Henderson Eastman wrote Aunt Phillis's Cabin or Southern Life As It Is saying that plantation owners treat their slaves like people, which wasn't true. -
The Battle of Bull Run
The battle of the bull run took place in Virginia on the year of 1861 it was the first major battle of the Civil War. 30,000 union troops marched south. This was a humiliating defeat for the union the union troops flee to DC. Lincoln authorized enlistment of 1 million men and George McClellan has well-trained army relatively quickly. -
Battle of Antietam
The battle of Antietam occurred on September 22 on the year of 1862. This battle remains as the deadliest one day battle in all American history. This was Confederate General Robert E Lee last attempt to invade the north with his army of northern Virginia. He stood against union general George McClellans Army of the Potomac
