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Period: 1500 BCE to
Beginning To Exploration
The first people In New World came by the Bering Land Bridge. Each group of people settled far apart. The people that settled South have three groups called Olmecs, Aztecs, and Maya. However, the people in the North had houses and horses. In the North North, people had Igloos. In Rome, the Barbarians attacked the Empire so it fell. To top it all off the Black death came and killed alot of people.So the people turned to the Renaissance which focus on art and greater things in life. -
1453 BCE
Rome
It was in Europe. The Rome fell because of invasions by the Barbarian tribes and the government corruption and political instability. -
700
Dark Ages
During the dark ages, there was no higher learning.There was a weak economy. There was complete cultural/ educational domination by the Catholic Church. It was the collapse of Western Roman Empire. -
1347
The Black Death
The cause of Black Death was boats from Genoese, trading ships, many were dead an some were ill. The Europeans saw there were black boils on the people skins and told them to fleet out of the harbor. However, many people in Europe began to become sick from the Black Death. It spread like wide fire and more than 20 million people were dead due to the Black Death disease. -
1492
Exploration
Christopher Columbus was very important during this time due to him finding the New World from the knowledge of the Europeans. He was supposed to find a faster route to China to be better than the Portugal, but instead he found the New World. He found something that can be worth something and the Queen wanted treasures. Christopher made 4 voyages to The New World and made peace with the Indians. -
1499
The Columbian Exchange
The Americas and the Old World traded plants, culture, diseases, slaves, and ideas. The Columbian Exchange had affected by bring diseases to many culture. The Spanish received slaves because the Native American were dying due to the disease and the hard labor.There were many diseases like smallpox, measles, chicken pox, and influenza. -
1500
The Renaissance
The renaissance was a cultural movement and style of art.Many people were known for their art such as Leonardo DaVinci and Michelangelo. It was known as the rebirth ages. The people was interest in classical learning and values such as the printing press and educational things such as science. -
1521
Conquest of the New World
Hernan Cortez led the Spanish invaded Mexico to conquer the Aztec empire. The Spanish claimed Mexico by having a war with the Aztec. Francisco Pizarro was a Spanish conquistador who discovered Incan Empire. The Spanish had claimed the whole empire. -
Chesapeake Colonies
The Chesapeake Colonies were Baltimore, Maryland,Richmond, and Virginia. They were near the water. In the colonies, they grew many things, but their made crop was tobacco. They used Headright Systems, which to solve labor shortage in 1618. In Europe, they had men and woman agreed to work a certain years in exchange for free trip to the colonies. -
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English Colonial Societies
There are three different colonies which is called New England, Southern, and Chesapeake Colonies. The New England Colonies were mainly about the Church so they were close together like family. However, Southern Colonies and Chesapeake Colonies were spread out because they have land to grow crops such as rice, tobacco. Things they've traded during the Columbian trade. There were a few problems in the North such as the Salem Witch Trials were dozens of woman and children are killed. -
New England Colonies
The new England Colonies consist of Connecticut, Rhode island, Massachusetts Bay, and New Hamsphire. They were like the British, but most purtians. That's why the purtians came to the New World because they believed that the church was telling lies. They came on the Mayflower. The birth rate was high here than British. -
Proprietary Colonies
Proprietary is ownership or control. New Netherland which is Holland. Explored present-day New York State. Trade was a threat to the English. Charles 2 issued royal charter for new colonies in New Netherland. Oliver Cromwell had rules England as a republic stopped colonization in 1642. -
Triangular Trade
The triangular trade is between Americas, Europe, and West Africa. West Africa was trading slaves for trinkets and guns from the Europeans. The Europeans transport the slaves across the ocean.Many slaves died. It was called The Middle Passage. Americas had traded sugar, cotton, and coffee to Europe. -
Slavery
The Africans had traded slaves to the Colonies. The British had used their ships to transport the slaves to the Colonies. That was called the Middle Passage. The Middle Passage was very dangerous. There were so many slaves on the ship. Many were sick, killed, or even eaten by sharks. The Colonies wasn't the getting slaves from Africa.Spain, Portugal, Holland, and British were also receiving slaves. -
Caribbean Colonies
Sugar was & is the lifeblood of the region (tourism now tool). Europeans loved sugar it was used for everything. Spain, France, England, Holland all had stakes in the region basically like Island possesion. Population of 44,000. Barbados, Jamaica was out of the way. Population of 26,000. The slaves outnumbered the whites. There were no legal recourse for slaves -
Development Of Colonials Differences By Region
The 3 different regions are New England, Chesapeake, and the Southern Colonies. New England Colonies don't have good soil, so they fish and trade with British or the Natives. The New England Colonies were base on the church. The Cheaspeake were by the water, but they planted grains and they were spread out like Southern Colonies. Southern Colonies was all about money and slaves. The southern were spread out. They planted tobacco and cotton. -
Issues
Nathaniel Bacon had issues with the Government of Virginia. Bacon's Rebellion, fought from 1676 to 1677, began with a local dispute with the Doeg Indians on the Potomac River. -
The Colonial Economies
The New England markets were based on fishing. They had ship building because they're based on fishing. They traded with British in the Atlantic Ocean. The Mid-Atlantic had traded with Europe too. They were based on Agriculture and they also had small manufacting industry. The upper south and lower south were different. The lower south had tobacco so the English and Scottish decent. The upper had rice and large number of slaves -
The Enlightenment
the enlightenment is the movement of philosophical and sciencist movement. The Colonies are now advancing in academic and life. The south is changing too; Georgia is a originally a penal colony. Where the people that's in debt or poor go. It was a buffer colony. This is the time where Georgia started importing slaves. This is the era Sir Issac Newton, John Locke, Benjamin Franklin, and etc. grew up in. -
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Colonial America To 1763
The settlers had settled in America which result to a triangular trade. There were slaves trading too. To get the slave to Americas so they can be sold off to a plantation. First, they have to make it through the Middle Passage. In Americas, the enlightenment was beginning. It was all about college and being educated. Where teachers are now caring more about students learning and attending school. -
Salem Witch Trial
A group of young girls in Salem Village said their slave was forcing them to do witch craft which was a lie. The slave blamed other woman. The lie kept going on and on. Until they finally realized the young girls were faking. So they didn't want to look like a fool so they had made a man sign saying he was one, but he end up dying so did a few 100's women and children. -
French and Indian War
The England, France, Spain fought each other for territory in the New World. However, Britain and the colonies desired more land to the west. The Governor of Virginia ordered Duqueshe seized. George Washington was helping in this war. Britain sends in an army and militia to control Ohio territory. British roll out new policy to defeat the French. The fight at Fort William Henry basically ended the war, but the treaty of Paris (1763) ended the French and Indian war finally. The War lasted 7 years -
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The American Industrial Revolution
In America, there are changes in transportation, communication, and labor. The cities are growing in the North because everybody need a job in the factories. In the South, the cotton gin becomes important because its a faster way to pick cotton. More cotton equal more money. In the North, many people are losing their job because the factories are making them faster and affordable. The people are now working in the factories. -
Virtual Representation
The colonials didn't have any representation in Parliament in Britain. The colonials were still apart of Britain. Members of Parliament were supposed to represent all areas of Britain. British were avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws meant to keep American colonies obeying England which is called Salutary Neglect. However, that ended when the Seven Year War was over and the colonies got taxed, -
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The Revolutionary War 1763-1783
After the French and Indian War, the British was in debt. So the british thought why not tax the colonies since they put us through this mess. So they did with a lot of Acts such as the Sugar Act, Townshend Act, and etc. The Colonies felt like they had enough of this and started to rebellion. The Founding Fathers decided to make the Declaration of Independence to ask for help from other countries and the french helped us during the war and we won and gained our independence by signing the Treaty -
Britain's Financial situation after the French and Indian War
The British was in debt due to the war. the British thought "why not tax the colonist since they're the reason why we fought". The British had taxed the colonist. That made the colonist want to be independence. -
Act of Parliament
There were 6 acts including Sugar Acts, Stamp Act, Declaratory Act, Townshend Act,Coercive Acts, and Prohibitory Act. Colonist will resist. There were challenge through petition. The soldiers used to search private property without warrants. The Sugar Act was required on all paper. Britian had similar tax like lawyers and printers most affected. -
The Great Awakening
The Great Awakening is the reaction to secularism of the Enlightenment. This is the era where they had made many colleges like Princeton, Brown, Rutgers, and Dartmouth. Many people grew up in this era such as John Edwards, George Whitfield, and Samuel Davies. John Edward is consumer oriented society. George Whitfield was a preacher. -
Dunmore's Proclamation
The Dunmore's Proclamation is the offering freedom to slaves who agreed to fight for the British. The British were basically losing so they wanted the slave to help them. It was signed on November 7,1775 -
Articles of Confederation
Established loose friendship of independent states. Money, laws, power, jurisdiction, all differed from state to state. There's no central authority. It was hastily put together. Revenue, military action and diplomacy didn't exist nor did executive. It was weak and pensions. People stated to revolt against U.S government. Congress couldn't get anything done. George Washington put down Rebellion. -
Common Sense
The Common Sense is written by Thomas Paine in 1775-76. He wrote it to help the American colonists to decide to fight for independence. It was known as the "the most incendiary and popular pamphlet of the entire revolutionary era". -
The Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence was written by Thomas Jefferson (3rd president). Thomas Jefferson wrote it on July 2. But the Founding Fathers signed it on July 4 (independence day). The Declaration of Independence was written because they were asking for help from the other countries. When the colonists were going against the British (which was the big dogs). But later on the French ended up helping in the sea. -
Enlightenment Ideals on America in the late 18th Century
Education populate. Religious less important. Separation of church and state. Ordinary citizens have more say -
Loyalist vs. Patriots Population
Estimated for colonial population: 40% patriots, 40% neutral, and 20% loyalists. The loyalists were ostracized (isolated) and were seizure of property. Many loyalists will flee to Canada. The loyalist are people loyal to Britain. -
American Virtue (late 18th Century)
Celebrated ideals of Republicanism. Involved everyday citizen. State Constitutions. Education citizen. Childhood education. teaching citizens. Unique styles and furniture and architecture. -
Massachusetts Constitution
Future model for U.S. Constitution. People had ability to vote for what they wanted. Basically what we have today but our is more advanced which is Checks and Balances, Separation of power, executive veto power, and the governor elected by the people/masses. -
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The Constitution
The Articles of Confederation (AOC) was weak. The farmers were losing their farmers so they had to stand up. It was called the Shay's Rebellion. The government decided the AOC need to be stronger. They made the Constitution to replace the AOC. The Constitution was stronger and have the ability to declare war and make treaties unlike the AOC. -
Treaty of Paris 1783
This treaty will end the Revolutionary War. It will be recognized the U.S as independent and sovereign nation. Granted fishing rights to U.S off Newfoundland. It had establishes the northern with British North America/ Canada. It will also restore loyalists properties. Both nations will have access to Mississippi River. U.S will receive frontier land to Mississippi River. -
Shay’s Rebellion
Post- war recession. It was bad for everyone. The citizens farms were seized. Daniel Shay led Revolutionary war veterans. Began to spread rumors. Rebellion will be put down. The rebellion will create sense of urgency. Leader on board with change. -
Northwest Ordinance
Governors. Legislatives. Admission to U.S.. Rejected slavery. Future admission for new states. An Ordinance for the Government of the Territory of the United States. the Northwest Ordinance also protected civil liberties and outlawed slavery in the new territories. several ordinances enacted by the U.S. Congress for the purpose of establishing orderly and equitable procedures for the settlement and political incorporation of the Northwest Territory -
Constitutional Convention
meeting held around country. AOC (articles of confederation) had no central authority since it was written hastily during the Revolution. The Founding Fathers came together in Philadelphia. Had two plans for Reform: Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan. Virginia plan supported large states. New Jersey Plan supported the smaller states. Then Connecticut Plan (Great Compromise) was the compromise of the two plans. -
Election of 1788
This was the first election. Washington and John Adams. Washington won because he was god-like figure. He was everyone's favorite choice. There was really no point of John Adams being there. He just wanted to be the VP. -
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New Republic
George Washington was the first president of the United States of America. He won because everybody loved him. He was the first person to create the cabinet. The Whiskey Rebellion tested the Constitution. The government was strong but George said not to go to war because they're still young. The next election was with adam and jefferson. Adam won. -
Bill of Rights
Anti- Federalists were on the side of Bill of Rights. James Madison created the Bill of Right for the states. Guarantee individual rights and liberties. It was written on September 25,1789. -
Two competing forms of government
Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton were both Founding Father. Thomas Jefferson was a Democrat-Republicans. Alexander Hamilton was a Federalists. Democrat-Republicans were nation of farmers. Federalists were catered to rich and wanted strong central government. -
Whiskey Rebellion
After the Constitution, there was a Whiskey Rebellion. The Whiskey Rebellion is about Pennsylania and Kentucky farmers. Whiskey economically important/earn large profit. Farmers will revolt. 6,000 threaten to attack Pittsburgh. -
Free-Black Communities
Largest in the North and Midwest. Segregation active in North. Dealt w/ discrimination and pre-juice. Completed for jobs with immigrants. Hostilities rose along with additional pre-juice. -
Election of 1796
Washington does not seek 3rd term. John Adams vs. Thomas Jefferson which is basically Republican vs Federalist. John Adams will win and Jefferson will be VP. There were no running mates. The VP goes to 2nd place. -
Changes in Agriculture
John Deere created the Iron Plow. Crack Churns which is basically butter. Cotton Gin had increased slavery. The South had cotton. Midwest had grain (wheat). East had livestock, dairy, fruit, and veggies. -
Kentucky Resolutions
Thomas Jefferson ideas. States could nullify unconstitutional laws. Constitution a compact among states. Foundation of States' Right. Slavery and Civil War will be fought on this. -
Election of 1800
The end of naval war. Negotiated treaty. Napoleon support against British and Spain. Divisions among Federalists. Adams seen as weak and the divided party. Adam vs Jefferson (part 2). Jefferson win this time. Jefferson will ties with Aaron Burr. It will go to the House of Representatives. Deal will be struck. Hamilton will persuade House to vote for Jefferson. Jefferson will not undo Federalist policies. Jefferson lesser of 2 evils. Hamilton and Burr hated each other. -
Second Great Awakening
Began around 1800. Picked up around 1820. Emphasized religious romanticism (beauty). Emotional and supernatural. Rejected secularism and deism. Morality taken over by economic and politics. -
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The Age of Jefferson
Jefferson was elected president in 1800. He wanted to see what was in the Louisiana area so he sent Lewis and Clark to explore. They needed help from Sacagawea so she decided to help. -
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Cultural Changes
There was a cultural change. They updated their life. The education was more serious. Kids had to go to school and pay attention and attend school. If they didn't then the parent will get in trouble with the city/state. The prisons are more advanced than before. They now have cells and personal cells instead of what they had before where everybody beat up everybody. -
Jefferson Administration
Mocked by Federalists. He had a simple demeanor like no pomp and circumstance and casual dresser and personally attacked. -
Hamilton vs Burr
Duel illegal. Burr was the VP. Fatally wounds Hamilton. Federalists main leader was dead. Later, Burr will become outlaw. -
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Westward Expansion
The Manifest Destiny was so huge. It's what caused the US to expansion from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. Stephen F. Austin and Sam Houston was a very important person into US getting Texas. This is where "remember the alamo" came from because we had a war with the Mexicans. We won because Sam Houston decided to do a surprise attack on Santa Anna. James K. Polk was the first president to the new U.S when we have all of your land. -
Madison Presidency
Madison will inherit embargo act.It will become a problem. The Embargo Act hurts the economy. South and Northeast most affected. Policy will anger the British. British gave natives more guns and supplies. Tecumseh will rise from these British policies and raid American settlements. Many wanted war with British. British navy still very powerful. -
War of 1812
America will take on land-based strategy. British beat back American from Canada (1813). Blockaded American ports. In 1814 , British take Washington,D.C. They've burned down the White House. Revenge for burning in Canada. Fort McHenry, Francis Scot Key wrote poem " Star Spangled Banner". American navy will defeat British on Great Lake. Andrew Jackson lead the Battle of New Orleans and defeated British army with Bi-racial ragtag army. War was technially over when battle fought. -
Labor Changes
In the North, artisan make their own stuff, but they lose their jobs due to the factories. They worked in Factory. The factories products were affordable. Woman can work in the Industry. The Lowell Mills woman take on small tasks. The Waltham System were centralized factories (mills) and had large force. Woman earned more but it was long hours and bad conditions. -
Panic of 1819
One of the worst recessions in U.S History. Economic boom after War of 1812. Second bank of US. Ag prices collapsed in 1819, banks fell. Economy went into tailspin. -
Temperance Movement
Obstain from alcohol. Alcohol consumption at all-time high. People drank all day. Dramatically reduced alcohol consumption. -
Missouri Crisis
Missouri applies for admission as slave state. Northern states against admission, Southern states are for admission. The Missouri Compromise set up a balance between slaves states and free states. Drew imaginary line at 36* 30* latitude. States above this line would be free. Below would be slave states. Becomes temporary solution. Slavery would've to be dealt with eventually. Guaranteed future conflict AKA Civil War. -
Monroe Doctrine
Spanish Empire crumbling. U.S wanted influence over these new areas. Declared to Europe no Intervention in Latin America. He didn't write it. Somebody in his cabinet did. This will be something every president does. Monroe was the first of many. -
Age of the Common Man
Republic of Common Man is the nation's dominant political worldview for a generation. Davy Crockett is a Tennessee in the U.S. House of Representatives and served in the Texas Revolution.Andrew Jackson was important because of what happened in New Orleans (New Orleans). -
Election of 1824
No picked sucessor. The 4 candidates: John Adam, Andrew Jackson, William Crawford, Henry Clay. Jackson will wins popular vote, not electoral college. Adams chosen. Jackson angry and bitter. -
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Age of Jackson
Age of the Common Man was Andrew Jackson. He led the Americas into victory in the battle of New Orleans from the British. He was determined to win against them because of personal reasons. When it was time for election, he won by popular vote but Adams won. Jackson was made throughout the whole president. He was very determined and he played dirty. As a result, Jackson won and he was such a chill or lay back person. -
Changes in Transportation
Modern Roads, Steamboat, Canals (Erie Canal:300 miles long), and Railroads. -
Revivalism
Charles Grandison Finney was an American Presbyterian minister and leader in the Second Great Awakening in the United States. Finney was best known as an innovative revivalist in upstate New York and Manhattan. His religious views led him to promote social reforms, such as abolition of slavery and equal education for women and African Americans. He was active as a revivalist in Jefferson County and for a few years in Manhattan. -
Presidency of John Q. Adams
American system. Industry, trariffs which is taxes on foreign goods. New national bank which first one fell. Internal improvements:canal and roads. National university, observatory. Above politic:Merit: basic on ability. Out of touch: with people. Jackson's next campaign was to attack Adams. -
Election of 1828
Jackson's new strategy: humble origins, military career, democratic values, democratic-republicans faded. The second party system founded, the first ended. They started personal attacks on each others as womanizes. It turned very nasty. ''let the people rule''-jackass. they called him old hictory. -
Growing Cities
First the slums came. First, working-class neighborhoods. Segregated neighborhood; class and race. Sprawling cities (spread out). Cities were small in early 1800's. By 1850, were sprawling metropolises. Mass transportation helped this trend. -
Slavery (cultural changes)
Abolitionist wanted to take away slavery gradualism and slower. Freeing slaves to Africa. Liberia is formally slaves. Never popular with African Americans. Immediatism is right away. Immediate end to slavery. -
Millennialism
Shakers were celibate ( dont believe in having sex) and were communistic. Equality among the sexes. No private property. Don't believe in marriage. Mormons were Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. Joseph Smith was leader of Mormons. He founded golden tablets in 1832. Written in ancient language. Native American were one of lost tribes of Israel. -
Jackson Administration
First elected by Common Man. Inauguration very rowdy. Rachael dies before inauguration. The Spoils System is basically replacing bureaucracy with own supporters. Scandals happened early in first term. Forces most of cabinet to resign. Nullification Crisis was congress raising import taxes. In 1832, Tarifffs Act of 1832 happened. Textiles (clothing) South Carolina affected. Hurts southern ag. John Calhoun which is the VP had advocated nullifying law. Took Kentucky Resolutions further. -
Election of 1836
Martin Van Buren (Old Kinderhook ''Ok''). Barely won election against Whigs. inherited bad economy. Lead to the Panic of 1837. -
Transcendentalism
Transcendentalism is a philosophical movement that developed in the late 1830's and 1860's in the U.S. Ralph Waldo Emerson was an essayist, lecturer, and poet. Henry David Thoreau was an essayist, poet, philosopher, abolitionist, surveyor, and historian. He published several short stories in periodicals. Cole was primarily a painter of landscapes, but he also painted allegorical works. Frederick Douglass was an African-American social reformer, abolitionist, writer, and statesman. -
Western Frontier
Fur trade (western frontier) American domination by 1820's. Huge profits from selling these. It started to decline in beavers and they're almost hunted to extinction. But the fashion changed and trapper started to disappeared in 1840. Trapper and military expeditions brought info. about the western land. -
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Sectionalism
The California gold rush had people from China coming to get some gold. The work was hard but you got some gold. Many people earned some money because the people that are looking to gold are in need for food and shelter. So the prices are high because of the gold. In the south, the slaves are getting tired so they're exsape from their master. A lady named Harriet Tubman helped people through the Underground Railroad. In the North, people were concerned about the slaves. -
Manifest Destiny
Oregon were new opportunity. The Great Migration were over trail. It took 5-6 months. American settles fear natives attacks wen there were barely any. Whigs defend natives by removal called the Black Hawk War. Black Hawk War was mid-western tribes forced to move to Indian territory after defeat. Semi-noles in florida resisted removal. Mormon Plight were vitims. They wanted different communities in mid-west and required members to deed property to church. -
California Gold Rush
Gold found in California. Thousand migrate to California to find Gold. 14K in 1849 (look at year end). It 200K by 1852. People are making it rich. Gold was easily to find. Mining will begin in 1852. It supporting industries. Chinese migration so there were 45K by 1854. They worked in worst mines. There were forced racism. Politicians hoped for slow population increase. Slavery now at the forefront. -
Suffrage
Suffrage is the right to vote. Industrialization changed it. Woman now worked in cities outside homes. Political Woman has champions of temperance (alcohol), ani-indian removal, anti-prostitution, and anti-slavery. Elizabeth Cady Jtanton and Lucretia Mott. 300 men and woman were there. Declaration of Jentiments and Resolutions. Secure rights in Economics and voting. Media mostly negative on coverage. Convention a cornerstone. -
Slavery (westward expansion)
Many fore saw issue of slavery growing in new territories. Wilmot Proviso had proposal to ban slavery in territory acquired from Mexico. but political firestorm and defeated in congress. Democrats and whigs will split into pro-slavery and free-soil factions. Popular Sovereignty proposed allowing states to choose their own path: slaves or free. -
Slavery (sectionalism)
Daniel Webster '' seventh of March Address". Zachary Taylor dies which was the VP Millard Fillmore. Compromise of 1850- 5 separate bills. which is Calfornia enters as free state, New Mexico and Utah to decide on slavery. Texas relinquishes disputed western lands. Federal government took over Texas debt. Fugitive Slave Act which is required the return of runaway slaves. -
Nativism
Blame immigrants for America's problems. They were against immigrantion of poor Catholics from Germany and Ireland. The Know Nothing's (american party). It was a secret organization against immigrants. They wanted resist immigrants. It will disappear by 1860 -
Election of 1852
Young American promoted territorial expansion and increased international trade. It spread of democratic ideas. The Pierce's Proposal: buying Cuba and Alaska; annexing Hawaii, Expansion in Latin America and Caribbean. In election of 1852, Franklin Pierce won (young america) and the Whig party started to fall apart because everyone was for slavery. -
Industrialization Vs. Agriculture
North will increase industrialization. Stream engines a huge factor. Immigrants will provide cheap labor. Grows at an expendential rate. Railroads a major factor. East and west railroads connected Northeast and Midwest. Waterway will connect North and South. Agriculture important For Northern substance. Railroads will allow farmers to get food to markets faster. South has small industrialized area s in it's most northern areas. Only faction of economy. -
Southern Society
Planters mostly did own slaves. Most owned 1-9 slaves. Planter are very cheap, but the highest group. Very few had more slaves. People wanted to be them or hated them. The Yeoman hated them. Yeoman communal effort. 75% didn't own slaves, 25% did. Some of them replied on planters. Others resented planters. Yeoman formed southern militias. Caught runaway slaves. Guarded against slave rebellions. Tenant Farmers is poor white people. -
Election of 1860
Democrats wee divided. Republicans (Abraham Lincoln) were few political enemies and were moderate approach to slavery. Candidates appeal to different sections of the country. Lincoln wins because of the division among democrats. Democrats were regional party won the first time. -
Confederate State of America
The south hated Abraham Lincoln. When he was president then they departed from the US. South Carolina will be the first state to leave the union. Jefferson Davis was the president of the Confederate State of America. Lincoln fold South Carolina of ships resupplying the fort. South needed to make a show of force and needed to attack before ships arrived. -
Slavery
Economically falling out. Cotton Gin=more clothes. Needed more slaves for more crops. Life in North compartmentalized. Southern life was mixed. Master mentor and protector. Domestic chores included. -
North (civil war)
North population was 22 million. Industrialization is 110,000 factories and 1.5 billion industry. Railroads were 22,000 miles of tracks and they believed they were fighting to uphold Constitution, Union. -
South (civil war)
South population was 5.5 million and 3.5 million slaves. Industrialization was 18,000 factories and 155 million industry. There were 3% of weapon manufacturing. Railroads were 9,000 miles of track. Military leadership; greatest history competent military leaders. Compared themselves to American colonists. They hoped to gain a European ally (Britain). -
Neutral States
will remain neutral: Missouri, Kentucky, Delaware, Maryland. Both sides to gain influence. They didn't really pick any sides. -
International
Cotton Embargo was they embargo themselves. South implements voluntary embargo on cotton. Pressure French and British industry to petition their governments. Trent Affair was condeferates sent diplomats to Europe. USS San Jacinto intercepts RMS Trent. British demands apology and Lincoln releases confederates diplomats. Lincoln sends us diplomats and secure British and French neutrality. -
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Civil War
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Slaves (civil war)
Most slaves flee north for liberation. North took slaves as contraband. Lincoln said war was to preserve the union. However, become about freeing slaves. Slaves allowed to fight as soldiers. The Emancipation Proclamation states that declares slaves free unless rebellion ends by Jan 1,1863. The proclamation stops Britain from entering war on south's side. Border states allowed to keep their slaves -
Women at work
The war gave woman new roles in traditional male dominated positions. Woman take over the teaching profession. Woman will become nurses and will take civil services jobs. -
Plan
Lincoln's 10% Plan was pardoned all Southerners except for officers and officials and would take an oath and then apply for Federal recognition and form new state governments. The Wade- Davis's Bill was punish Confederate leaders, destroy slave society, oath declaring they never aided Confederacy, officers stripped of citizenship, and states readmitted after long punishment and clear commitment to Union. -
Assassination
Lincoln attends a play at Fort's Theater. There 5 days after Appomattox Courthouse. John Wilkes Booth shots Lincoln. Lincoln dies the next day. Funeral procession attacks millions on the railroad tracks en route to Illnois. -
Andrew Johnson Administration
Andrew Johnson was VP of Lincoln and was opposed succession and blatant racist and promoted lenient policy for readmission ( oath and return of all property). High-ranking Confederates pardoned was property restored. Most states fail to live up to terms. -
Former Slaves
Freedman's Bureau was a relief agency in war-torn South such as food, school, confiscated lands and emergency services,and main institution for Reconstruction and its policy. Freeman's Movement was many former slaves will wander and others looking to find lost loved ones. People would flock to cities and had low paying labor intensive jobs. -
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Reconstruction
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Life for whites Reconstruction South
Expand the power of Freedman's Bureau. Civil right act. 14 amendment was defines citizens as born in the us. entitled to equal protections of law. Southern representation in Congress denied if African Americans right taken away. Confederate officials bared from office. It prohibited financial compensation for ex-slaves owners. -
Grant Administration
Republican- Ulysses s. grant. He was political moderation and peace. Democrats- Horatio Seymour. Important details was election showed whites in North and South were racist. Black votes became very important. Blacks were intimidated by violence to keep from voting. -
Election of 1876
Samuel Tilden (Democrat)
Issues: Corruption, Reconstruction, Economy
Popular vote went to Tilden,
Electoral votes unclear
Compromise of 1877
Hayes will be given all the electoral votes
Hayes agreed to end Reconstruction
Removed federal troops from the South
Beginning of total suppression for southern blacks -
The New South
New society built around oppression and segregation
African American representation in government plummets
Economic Boom
Industrialization, urbanization and many new railroads
Cut taxes
Spending less on social programs and public education
The Lost Cause
Southerners needed a way to justify losing the War
Thought their society was virtuous and braver than North
Union had unfair advantages (weapons, population, industrialization)
