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legislation
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Trumans Executive Orders 1948
On July 26, 1948, President Harry S. Truman signed this executive order establishing the President's Committee on Equality of Treatment and Opportunity in the Armed Services, committing the government to integrating the segregated military. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
The Civil Rights Act of 1957 was introduced in Eisenhower’s presidency and was the act that kick-started the civil rights legislative programme that was to include the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the 1965 Voting Rights Act. Eisenhower had not been known for his support of the civil rights movement. Rather than lead the country on the issue, he had to respond to problems such as in Little Rock. He never publicly gave support to the civil rights movement believing that you could not force people to -
Civil Rights Act of 1960
The Civil Rights Act (1960) enabled federal judges to appoint referees to hear persons claiming that state election officials had denied them the right to register and vote. The act was ineffective and therefore it was necessary for President Lyndon B. Johnson to persuade Congress to pass the Voting Rights Act (1965 -
JFK's Executive Orders 1962
John F. Kennedy January 5, 1962 Executive Order 10984
John F. Kennedy January 12, 1962 Executive Order 10985 - Amendment of Executive Order No. 10501 Relating to Safe Guarding Official Information in the Interests of the Defense of the United States
John F. Kennedy January 12, 1962 Executive Order 10986
John F. Kennedy January 17, 1962 Executive Order 10987
John F. Kennedy January 17, 1962 Executive Order 10988
John F. Kennedy January 22, 1962 Executive Order 10989
John F. Kennedy February -
Twenty-fourth Amendment 1964
Forbids states and the federal government to deny or abridge the right of a citizen of the United States to vote in a federal election because of failure to pay a poll tax or other assessment. Passed by Congress on 27 August 1962 and ratified on 23 January 1964, its target was the poll tax, a per capita levy long employed by southern states to prevent African‐Americans from voting. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
In 1964 Congress passed Public Law 82-352 (78 Stat. 241). The provisions of this civil rights act forbade discrimination on the basis of sex as well as race in hiring, promoting, and firing. The word "sex" was added at the last moment. According to the West Encyclopedia of American Law, Representative Howard W. Smith (D-VA) added the word. His critics argued that Smith, a conservative Southern opponent of federal civil rights, did so to kill the entire bill. Smith, however, argued that he had am -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
This act was signed into law on August 6, 1965, by President Lyndon Johnson. It outlawed the discriminatory voting practices adopted in many southern states after the Civil War, including literacy tests as a prerequisite to voting.
