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Period: to
WWI
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Central Powers
Germany, Austria- Hungary,with the Ottoman Empire were known as the Central Powers. -
Allies
One of two major defence alliances in Europe. The Triple Entente constisted of France, Britain, and Russia. They became known as the Allies. -
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip shot the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wilfe. The assasination created a diplomatic crisis and on July 28, Austria-Hungary declaired war on Serbia. -
. Schlieffen Plan
Cermany invaded Belgium following a strategy known as the Schlieffen Plan. The plan required a holding action against Russia, combined with a quick drive through Belgium to Paris. Then when France was defeted the two Germany armies would then defeat Russia. -
Sinking of British liner Lusitania
One of the world worst disasters was when a German U-boat sank the british liner Lusitania off the southern coast of Ireland. Of the 1,198 people lost 128 were Americans. America became outraged by this German action. -
Sinking of British liner Arabic
Three months after the sinking of the Lusitania a U-boat sank another British liner ,the Aribic causing 2 americans to drownd. The US protested, and Germany agreed to not sink any more passenger ships. -
Sinking of French passenger liner Sussex
Bermany broke its promise and torpedoed an unarmed French passenger steamer, the Sussex. Killing and injuring 80 passangers including americans. The US warned that it would breack off diplomatic relations unless the Germans had a change of tatics. They agreed on the condition that if Britan dose not lift the blockad they would contiue their attacks. -
Food Administration
To help produceand conserve food Wilson set up the food Adminidtration under Herbert Hoover. The administration tripled the food to ther Allies. -
Committee on Public Information
The committee was the first propaganda agency to help populerize the war in America. this may have boosted patriotisum but also fuled a hatred for certan ethnic groups -
Battle of the Somme
During this battle ,which began on July 1 and ended in mid November, the British forces suffered a loss of 60,000the first day. The final count was about 1.2 million. This was a shear example of the brutality of trench warfare. -
Zimmermann note
The first of the overt acts was Zimmermann Note, a telegram from the german foreing minister to ther german ambassador in Mexico that was intercepted by British agents. The telegram proposed an alliance between Mexico and Germany. -
War industries Board
The board encouraged companies to use mass-production techniques, urged them to eliminate wast by standerizing products, and set production quotas and allocated row materials. -
Selective Service Act of 1917
This act required that men had to register with the goverment in order to be randomly selected for military service. By the end of 1918 24 million had regeisterd. 3 million were called and about 2 million troops reached Europe before ther truce was signed. -
Espeonage and Seditinon Acts
these acts could fine any one interfering, saying anything dislloyal, porfane, or abusive about ther government or war effort up to 10,000 dollars and 20 years in jail. -
Second Battle of the Marne
A battle that raged during July and August where america played an important role in pushing back the Germans in France and turning the tied aganist the centeral powers. -
National War Labor Board
A board established by willson during the war to settle disputes between managment and workers. They also worked to improve factory conditions. -
Convoy System
A system in which a heavy guard of destroyers esco -
Austria-Hungary surrenders to the Allies.
The surrender ended up as the collapes of Germany. German sailors mutined aganist govermnent authority. Groups of workers and soldiers organixed revolutonary councils. Nov. 9 socialist leaders in the capital established a German republic. -
Establishment ofr the German Republice
The Kaiser gave up the throne and although there wer no Allied soldiers on German territory and no truly decisive battle had been fought, the Germans were too exhausted to continue the fighting. -
Cease-fire adn armistice
Bermany agreed to a cease-fire signed and armistice, or truce. taht ended the war.