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Archduke Franz Ferdinand and wife, Sophie were assassinated by Gavnio Princip
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Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia
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Germany declares war on Russia
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Germany's invasion of Belgium, a neutral territory. UK declares war on Germany after Germany invades Belgium. Canada automatically joins the war.
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Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia.
Serbia declares war on Germany -
The Battle of Ypres begins
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Battle of Verdun - The longest and bloodiest battle begins
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Battle of Somme - heavy casualties for French troops, tanks were introduced
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US declares War on Germany
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Battle of Passchendaele begins
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Treaty of Brest-Litovsk - Bolshevik army signs peace treaty with Germany and withdrew from war officially
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-Germany required to forfeit territories mainly to France, Poland, and Denmark
-Treaty of Versailles and its harsh terms on Germany led to the rise of Nazi party with Hitler in power
-Germany military was reduced to ensure that they could never start another war -
-Germany required t make payment for the allies called reparations
^Led to economic depression as they could not rebuild their economy while paying for the repair of other nations -
-"War Guilt Clause" :Germany had to take full responsibility for starting the war which meant that that had to pay damage done to countries by war
-When terms of the Treaty became public, it angered them but there was nothing they could do about it, the Germans had to choice but to sign it
-German people felt they were bring punished for the mistakes of their government -
The Battle of Amiens. The beginning of what is known as Canada's Hundred Days
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German Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated and flees Germany
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Germany signs the armistice at compiegne, France. Fighting ends 11th hour of 11th day of 11th month
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Treaty of Versailles officially ends WW1.
Conditions of the Treaty included:
-Territorial : land was taken away from Germany
-Military : Germany army was reduced to 100,000 men and they were not allow tanks
-Financial: Germany had to pay reparations
-General: Germany had to admit full responsibility for starting the war and the League of Nations was set up to keep world peace -
Hitler is appointed as Chancellor of Germany. Treaty of Versailles terms begin to be broken
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Hitler invades Poland, initiating World War II in Europe.
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Warsaw surrenders on September 27. The Polish government flees into exile via Romania. Germany and the Soviet Union divide Poland between them.
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Evacuation of Dundirk
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The Soviet Union forces Romania to cede the eastern province of Bessarabia and the northern half of Bukovina to the Soviet Ukraine.
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The air war known as the Battle of Britain ends in defeat for Nazi Germany.
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D-day and the Normandy invasion. Allied forces invade France and push back the Germans.
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The Germans launch a large attack in the Battle of the Bulge. They lose to the Allies sealing the fate of the German army.
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Adolf Hitler commits suicide as he knows Germany has lost the war.
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Germany surrenders to the Allies.
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-Similar to WW1, Germany defeated and as a result the Nazi party brought down
-Nazi leader were tried for crimes against humanity
-Like WW1, US still considered as a super power, this time with USSR(Russia) as well -
-Similar to WW1, US economy booms due to industrial production
-In contrast, other countries like England were not as fortunate as there were no reparations to pay for infrastructure that had been destroyed from bombings -
-During WW2, Holocaust killed 10 million Jewish people and as a result, many Jews left Germany
-Women involved in workforce -
The United States drops the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima, Japan. The city is devastated.
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Another atomic bomb is dropped on Nagasaki, Japan.
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Japan surrenders to US General Douglass MacArthur and the Allies.
