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Included France, Britain, and Russia
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Included Germany, Austria- Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire.
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Many wanted access to the Balkan Peninsula (the power keg) in june, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, visited the Bosnian capital. As the entourage drove through the city , a man in the crowd, Gavrilo Princip stepped up and shot the archduke and his wife. July Austria-Hungary declared war against serbia.
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called for holding action against russia, combined with a quick drive trhough belgium to Paris; after France had fallen, the
two German armies would defeat Russia. The first major refugee crisis of the 20th century. -
a U-boat sank theBritish liner Lusitania off the southern coast of Ireland. Of the 1,198 persons lost, 128 were Americans.The Germans defended their action on the grounds that the liner carried ammunition. Despite Germany’s explanation, Americans became outraged with Germany because of the loss of life. American public opinion turned against Germany and the Central Powers.
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3 months after lusitania siking, UBoat sank the Arabic a british liner. drowning 2 americans. US protested.
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Brittish sufferred 60000 casualties on first day alone. totaled final of 1.2 million . only 7 miles of ground. Trench warfare.
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Germany torpedoed an unarmed French passenger steamer, the Sussex. The Sussex sank, and about 80 passengers,
including Americans, were killed or injured. Once again the United States warned that it would break off diplomatic relations unless Germany changed its tactics.Germany agreed but with a condition: if the United States could not
persuade Britain to lift its blockade against food and fertilizers, Germany would
consider renewing unrestricted submarine warfare. -
a telegram from the German foreign minister to the German ambassador in Mexico that was intercepted by Brittish agents. Proposed an alliance b/t mexico and germany + promisedif was with US broke out, Germany would support Mexico in recovering lost territory in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona.
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Nations first propoganda agency. head of the CPI was a former muckrakin journalist named George Creel.
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Under the Espionage and Sedition Acts a person could be fined up to $10,000 and sentenced to 20 years in jail for interfering with the war effort or for saying anything disloyal, profane, or abusive about the government or the war effort.
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created to meet the governments need for more fighting power. Required men to register witht he government in order to be randomly selected for military service. 24 million registered under that act by 1918
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American Vice admiral Sims convinced british to try the in which a heavy guard of destroyers escorted merchant ships back and forth across the Atlantic in groups. By fall of 1917, shipping losses had been cut in half.
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U.S. soldiers began to mount offensives against the Germans at Saint-Mihiel and in the Meuse Argonne area
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Austria Hungary surrendered to the Allies. That same day, German sailors mutinied against government authority. The mutiny spread quickly. Everywhere in Germany, groups of soldiers and workers organized revolutionary council. Kaiser gave up the throne.
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Everywhere in Germany, groups of soldiers and workers organized revolutionary councils. On November 9, socialist leaders in the capital, Berlin, established a German republic. Then kaiser gave up the throne.
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Germans were too exhausted to continue fighting. So at the eleventh hour, on the eleventh day, in the eleventh month of 1918, Germany agre
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reorganized in 1918 under the leadership of Bernard M. Baruch encouraged companies to use mass-production techniques to
increase efficiency. It also urged them to eliminate waste by standardizing products -
To help produce and conserve food.r. Instead of rationing food, he called on people to follow the “gospel of the clean plate.” He declared one day a week “meatless,” another “sweetless,” 2 days “wheatless,” and two other days “porkless.” Restaurants removed sugar bowls from the table and served bread only afterthe first course.
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Workers who refused to obey board decisions could lose their draft exemptions. “Work or fight,” the board told them. However, the board also worked to improve factory conditions. It pushed for aneight-hour workday, promoted safety inspections, and enforced the child labor ban.
