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Sir Robert Borden
Robert Borden served as Prime Minister of Canada from 1911-1920
(Knighted) Borden was a great leader who voluntarily helped Britain within World War One. His party and him were responsible for putting the War Measures Act in effect within Canada. Strenghten it and preparing it for war. -
Sir Sam Hughes
Sir Sam Hughes was the driving force behind Canada's parts in the war. However he was often critized due to poor planning and organization. His contribution to the war was significant but not in favor of Canada. He armed Canadian soldiers with the Ross rifle. Which often jammed when wet or in harsh weather. Basically leaving Canadian soldiers with an awkward club. -
The Black Hand
The Black Hands main goal was to free Serbia from Austro-Hungarian rule. This group was very significant, they kickstarted the war by assinating Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand. They are a power group wanting to free serbia from others rule and unite countrys under Serbian rule. -
The Schlieffen Plan
Germany's plan for war. In the works for 9 years before being finalized, then put to action in 1914.
The Schlieffen Plan was designed for a war on two fronts, ideally Germany was to attack France before France's ally Russia and their troops had mobilized. The Schlieffen Plan was really the key to starting the war. Germany believed that this plan was fool proof for their victory. Making them almost fool hardy and giving them confidence. However the plan did not account for Russia's mobility. -
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War of Attrition
A war of attrition is when both sides attempt to outlast the other, by reducing materials and man power. World War One was a War of Attrition. Attrition adds a certain urgency to wars. A need to finish the fighr before the fight finishes you, this trait affected the war by afflicting its trait on thr allies commanding officials. Few times the allies repeatedly stormed enemy trenches making no ground at all, but they kept doing it. That is the sense of urgecny that attrition brings. -
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Throughout World War One
World War One Timeline project -
War Measures Act
The War Measures Act was adopted by Parliament in 1914, soon after the begining of World War I. It gave powers to the government to maintain security and order during war or insecurity. This is important because of communication throughout this era, everyone used mail. Canadian gov't was now able to read or even withhold mail from others if they found it suspicous. It also ammends the immigration act, really settling Canada into a driving machine without having worries over insecurity. -
The Beginning of Trench Warfare
Trenches were used in World War One as way to travel through captured territory however most often an or the opposing force would have trenches set up opposite to your own. Causing long lasting stale mates. Trenches were crucial in World War One to hold your captured territory, as well as advance upon your enemy. However towards the end of the war trenches became an ugly death trap once tanks were intorduced. Tanks would storm trenches forced powers to retreat. -
No Man’s Land
"No Man's Land" is the space between opposing trenches. It gets its name from its one heavy trait. Any man that attempt to cross it while the oppostion still man their trenches, will not return to their own. No Mans Land is responsible for a large number of deaths during World War One. However No Mans Land is also significant because of this. Forcing Generals and higher rankings to come up with strategies rather than just storming trenches. Such as bombing opposing trenches and then moving. -
Lusitania
The ship "Lusitania" was a British passenger ship carrying munitions and civilians. The British quickly used this as an example of German ruthlessness and it became another form of propaganda to be used for recruitment by word of mouth. Britain claimed not to have munitions on board in fear of being sued and their relationship with America. This was important because it made Germany look bad, increasing the amount of enlists by a lot. In Germany it makes Britian look bad, doing the same thing -
Henri Bourassa
Bourassa was a French-Canadian nationalist, elected as a Liberal seat holder, who opposed the idea of sending Canadian troops to help with imperial wars. He influenced Canada to send volunteer troops. As the war went on volunteer numbers fewered and Canada begun to have to call to arms. -
Battle of Ypres
The second battle of Ypres was fought from Apr 22, 1915 to May 25, 1915 during the first world war. It's significant because this would be the first battle where the Germans introduce poison ( chlorine ) gas as a weapon in World War One. It is also Canadas first time fighting in Europe, establishing themselves as a formidable force by digging in and holding their ground. The outcome of this battle was mostly casualty, as little ground was gained from fear of the new gas weapon. -
Conscription Crisis
Plenty of Canadians volunteered to help fight Germany in 1914–1915. Nearly 300 000. However by 1916 enlistment was slowing from tales of the war and tolls adding up. People became reluctant to participate anymore. Which became a problem for commanders overseas. Attrition set in and the Military Service Act came to Canada and became law. Significant because of how willimg Canada was to help its parenting country,
making Britain trust them more. Shows how Sir Robert Borden was a good leader. -
The Military Service Act 1916
The Military Service Act 1916 put Britain into a "total war" state. This act makes every able bodied male between the ages of 18-41 enlisted in the military. This act greatly strengthened the British Military in terms of numbers and helped them with man power of their enemy, the Central Powers. Men were put into classes from birth year. This opened more jobs for woman and so began very little of the womans rights we have today. -
Nellie McClung
Nellie McClung was a womans rights activist, most famous for involvment in the "Persons Case". She spurred international movement with her books and commitment. Although the idea of war bothered her, she believed that evil Germany should be defeated. Her book in 1915 "In Times Like These" talks about the war and feminist arguments. Soon after she became involved in Alberta speaking of her ideals and later Alberta became the second province to let women vote.
(April 19th 1916) -
Battle of Somme
A battle waged near the Somme river in France which begun on July 1st 1916 and lasted until November 1st, 1916. This was a much needed battle for World War One because of the attrition factor, by the end both sides casualty totals would reach over 1.5 million. Exhausting the central powers and allies. The attack by (mainly the British) Allies was in response to Verdunn. They wanted to reclaim the land and Germany set up defenses in preparation for this. -
Battle of Vimy Ridge
Apr 9, 1917 – Apr 12, 1917 When British troops couldn't capture the ridge they tasked the Canadians with attaining it. Which is a big deal because this is the first time Canadians would be fighting nearly on their own. This is a significant battle because Canadians showed themselves off and captured the ridge, making a big show of their identity. Vimy ridge was crucial to the British for advancing their troops. Canadians were to be given more tasks after the success of this one. -
Battle of Passchendale
Jul 31, 1917 – Nov 10, 1917 Allies attempt to capture Belgium, Canadians arrive to Passchendale in mid october to help push the Germans back from Belgium. This battlw was significant because the Allies were trying to stop German U-boats from being used. To capture Belgium would be to capture the port they leave from. -
The Halifax Explosion
Two ships collided in the citys harbour, Belgian munition ship and a French ship. This explosion ruined the Halifax port and slowed the travel of troops and resources for the allies. As a result over 10 000 people died and Halifax sustained major damage. -
Treaty of Versailles
The war offically ended with the signing of "the unhappy compromise." Taking just over 1/3rd of Germanys land and creating Poland. This treaty marked a huge loss for Germany and eventually this would help provoke World War Two. Even though Germany agreed they did their best to undermine the treaty. -
League of Nations
Established on January 10, 1920. The League of Nations was an international organization founded to resolve international disputes. However it did not defend the Treaty of Versailles, they were succesful in stopping small wars and bettered few lives. But could not stop bigger countries from fighting. The league was made as an outcome of world war one binding more countries together. The U.S. never joined the league and were one of the countries the league failed to keep from fighting.
