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The Congress of Vienna left Germany and Italy as divided states, which either way will result later on better outcomes on their favor as product of their strong and rightful nationalism.
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This war left France dispossessed of Alsace-Lorraine, it passing on to German dominance, and left them wanting to regain their loss. It was originally politically from France, but culturally from Germany.
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Germany and Italy unified through the process of strong and violent nationalist movements and revolutions.
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As an effect of the Franco - Prussian War, an alliance system was created including all European powers. Its main purpose was to provide each other protection and defense through a military system. Its original purpose was of protecting Germany's hegemony on Europe after its victory in the war.
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The Triple Alliance is the first alliance structured, its powers being Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy. The first ones joined were Germany and Austria-Hungary on 1879, later Italy joined on 1882. Their bond was stronger, implying that on a time of need or not, they needed to respond.
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In this war the Russians were defeated by the Japanese, creating a mejor shock for all Europe. This would turn out to be a great humiliation for the reputation and empire of Russia. It exposed them to the world and showed their weakness, proving that an army of Europe could be defeated by that of another nationality.
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Great Britain bargained Morocco with France for an exchange of retail spaces. France then flustered upon the resistance and rebellion of moroccans for their independence, something accepted for any cultural and nationalist group.
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Germany generated a back-up plan which involved and affected directly two different powers, to use for whenever they saw an attack coming from Russia. It was mainly directed to impact France, it consisted of attacking France in an indirect way through the invasion of Belgium, creating a distraction. As a consecuence of the alliance system, it affected them all one way or another.
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Germany, always looking for tensions in where to involve as an inevitable factor of their imperialism, announced their support for Morocco in their dispute with France. France provided Germany with retail spaces in order for them to keep laid back on the situation.
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The Triple Entente is structured, its powers being Russia, France and Great Britain. Russia and France joined in 1894, Great Britain joined France in 1904 and later to Russia in 1907. The Entente is less stronger than the Triple Alliance because in this case they can choose wether or not to respond in a time of need, they may choose what they prefer, if it benefits them or not.
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Austro-Hungary assumed power over Bosnia, province of the Turkish Ottoman. This event left Serbia unsatisfied and reclaiming the territory, being classified as politically Austro-Hungarian but culturally theirs.
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Even after the detour of war in this situation of Moroccan independence, leaving it at the French possession of the territory, once again the Germans started protesting against it, wanting more potential clashes to keep expanding themselves.
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Balkan states drove Turkey out of the Balkan area. Serbia and Bulgaria reached independence, which now from a nationalist situation would evolve to a new imperialist situation.
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Serbia and Bulgaria after reaching independence fought over dominance of the area. In this dispute Austrio-Hungary intervened once again altering and being an obstacle for Serbia, generating more tension and rivalry which will be a great factor for this war.
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Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife were assasinated by members of the Black Hand, a terrorist group of Serbia, in Sarajevo, Bosnia. This was caused by the already build up tension between these powers as an effect of Austria-Hungary's intervension in the Balkan wars.
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Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia after the drastic event of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The Autro-Hungarians predicted and were sure that Serbia was guilty, but because its reference was to a terrorist group, they needed to provide enough and rightful evidence to be able to accuse and go to war with Serbia. They provided them an ultimatum, one condition being that Austria-Hungary's army had to enter Serbia. Serbia had no other option than to oppose, leaving it to the declaration of war.
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As an ally of Serbia, its main interests really being dominance of Serbia after conflicts were solved, Russia mobilized its armed forces, getting themselves ready for the war.
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Seeing the tension in this situation, and as an effect of Germany's army reputation and triumph, also by the organization of the alliances, Germany immediately as they saw the movement and mobilization of Russia, decided to enter the situation and declare war on them.
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Perceiving the movement and mobilization of Germany in the war, and already knowing about the pre-made attacks directed at them, France mobilized its armed forces not wanting to sit and wait for the clashes to approach.
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Germany, as part of its Schlieffen Plan, occupied Luxembourg as a preliminary implementation.
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After days of tension, Germany alas declared war on France, putting to use what is known to be the Schlieffen Plan.
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As part of the Schlieffen Plan, its main objective, Germany invades and declares war on Belgium, designed to distract and defeat quicky.
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Because Germany is occupying and taking over many territories, some of them being very close to Britain, this made them unsteady and motivated them to get involved at last in this war.