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April 25, 1945 – 50 nations met in San Francisco to discuss a new peacekeeping organization to replace the weak and ineffective League of Nations
June 26, 1945 – all 50 nations ratified the charter, creating a new international peacekeeping body known as the United Nations
President Roosevelt had urged Americans not to turn their backs on the world again
Unlike the League of Nations, the United States is a member of the United Nations -
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Allies held the Potsdam Conference to plan the war’s end
Decision was made to put Nazi war criminals on trial -
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November 20, 1945 – October 1, 1946
24 defendants, including some of Hitler’s top officials
Hermann Goering – creator & head of Gestapo (secret police)
Charged with crimes against humanity
19 found guilty, 12 sentenced to death
People are responsible for their actions, even in wartime -
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U.S. gave more than $13 billion to help the nations of europe get back on their feet