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Description: Christopher Columbus proposes his plan to reach Asia by sailing west to King John II of Portugal.
Impact: Rejection forces Columbus to seek support elsewhere, demonstrating the difficulty of funding such expeditions. -
Description: Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain agree to sponsor Columbus's expedition.
Impact: Spain’s support marks the beginning of significant European exploration efforts, fueled by a desire for wealth and trade dominance. -
Description: European diseases, forced labor, and colonization decimate indigenous populations.
Impact: Leads to significant demographic and cultural loss among native peoples. -
Description: Columbus sets sail from Palos de la Frontera with three ships: the Niña, the Pinta, and the Santa María.
Impact: Launches the first significant transatlantic expedition. -
Description: Columbus and his crew face storms, navigation challenges, and crew unrest during the long voyage.
Impact: The perseverance of the crew demonstrates the courage and risks of exploration. -
Description: Columbus lands on an island in the Bahamas, which he names San Salvador.
Impact: Marks the first European contact with the Americas, setting off an era of exploration and colonization. -
Description: Exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between Europe, Africa, and the Americas begins.
Impact: Drastically changes diets, economies, and ecosystems globally. -
Description: Columbus explores various islands, including Hispaniola and Cuba, seeking riches and mapping the region.
Impact: Provides Europe with its first detailed knowledge of the New World. -
Description: Columbus returns triumphantly to Spain, showcasing gold, spices, and indigenous captives.
Impact: Sparks immense interest in further expeditions and competition among European nations. -
Description: Spain and Portugal divide the New World through a treaty mediated by the Pope.
Impact: Establishes territorial claims, leading to decades of European colonial competition.