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The boom in gold prospecting and mining in modern day Colorado after the discovery of gold in 1849. Pull factor.
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Most entered through the port of San Francisco. Came to America for better oppurtunites and often worked the worst jobs availible. Contributed greatly to the build up of infrastructure in California.
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Came from Ireland for better oppurtunities, concentrated in the east. Gave cheap labor to help with the build up of infrastructure.
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First leader of all 7 tribes, had a great vision, joined Ghost Dance was ordered to be arrested but killed in the struggle.
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Cattle drives involved cowboys on horseback moving herds of cattle long distances to market. Cattle were herded from Texas to railroads in Kansas. Became less popular after the invention of barbed wire.
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Open range is the system where cattle roam freely regardless of land ownership. Originated in Mexico but came to the Western USA. Ended by the use of barbed wire.
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Mexican cowboys who herded the longhorn cattle to the railroads.
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Signed into law by Licoln in 1862. These acts gave applicants plots of land in the West at little or no cost. The objective of these acts was to increase westward expansion and to take power away from slave plantations.
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Allowed for the creation of land-grant colleges. Promoted agriculture.
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Connected the east and the west, built with gov. land grants.
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When a 700-man force of Colorado Territory militia attacked and destroyed a peaceful village of Cheyenne and Arapaho encamped in southeastern Colorado Territory, Killed more than 100 Indians.
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An agreement between the United States and the Oglala, Miniconjou, and Brulé bands of Lakota people, Yanktonai Dakota, and Arapaho Nation. It stated that the Lakota had ownership of the Black Hills, and furthered land and hunting rights in South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana. The Powder River Country was closed to all whites, this treaty also ended Red Cloud's War.
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The Battle of the Little Bighorn, also referred to as Custer's Last Stand, was an battle between the combined forces of Lakota, Northern Cheyenne and Arapaho tribes, against the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army. It was victory for the Indians; led by several major war leaders, including Crazy Horse and Chief Gall. General Custer died in this battle. This was the largest battle of the Sioux Wars.
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Led the Nez Perce tribe from persecution in an attempt to escape to Canada. Was apprehended just before, became a lobbyist for Indian's rights.
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Name given to African-Americans who migrated West starting in 1879. They did this to escape the Ku Klux Klan and the Jim Crow laws which continued to make them second-class citizens after Reconstruction, as many as forty thousand Exodusters left the South to settle in Kansas, Oklahoma and Colorado.
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A United States poet and writer who became an activist on behalf of better treatment of Native Americans by the U.S. government. She wrote Century of Dishonor and Ramona. Attracted lots of attention to the mistreatment of the Indians.
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A non-fiction book by Helen Hunt Jackson published in 1881 that detailed the experiences of Native Americans that focused on injustices.
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Gave the President the power to survey American Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians. Dawes Act was amended in 1891 and again in 1906 by the Burke Act. Ended the reservation system.
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The land run started at noon on April 22, 1889, with an estimated 50,000 people lined up for their piece of the available two million acres.
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Massacre left some 150 Native Americans dead, in what was the final clash between federal troops and the Sioux.
