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Dorothea lange
migrant mother is one of a sires of photograph her subject are homeless women their children and migrant workers her work was funded by federal agencies such as the farm security security administration the editor than told the federal authorities whom urged the government to rush did to the camp to prevent starvation -
immigrants during the depression
with less demand for workers during the depression white Americans sought after jobs filled by Mexican immigrants. public hostility for Mexicans grew which made it difficult for them to enter the u.s. hoover authorized the Mexican reparation act to send Mexicans back to mexico due to lack of jobs -
stock market crash A
buying on the margin: meant people had to pay 10-20% of the value of the shares, you were borrowing 80-90% of the value of the shares. an examlpe of buying on margin to get a loan from the bank to off another loan -
stock market crash B
warren g harding campaign promised to return the us prewar mentally without the thought of war tainting the minds of american people. a return to the way of life before ww1. foreign competition by means of tarries weaken import quotas or other restrictions or handicaps placed on the imports of foreign competitors -
stock market crash C
disposable income is the amount of money that households have available for spending people were spending instead of saving when the market crashed all people did "bank run" to get more money. the "bank run" caused the "bank failure" b/c the banks couldn't keep up with the peoples demands for money -
stock market crash
it was a result of various economic imbalances and structural failing. in 1920s a rapid growth in bank credit and loans in the u.s. people who borrowed money were exposed and rush to sell shares and try to redeem their debts. margin millionaires get wiped out when stock market fall. stock market crash can be blamed on over exuberance and false expectation. also known as 'black Tuesday" -
great depression
when panicked sellers traded nearly 60 mil shares on the new stock exchange. corporations could no longer raise funds. in 1940 15% was the lowest employment rate. people had fought for their daily survival. banks failed and many people were out of work. the money supply growth caused by huge international gold influence was a crucial source of the recovery in the u.s. economy. many people also starved and became homeless -
dust bowl
farmers had been plowing the grass lands for crops in central plain and trapping under ground water supplies. natural causes were 10 years of drought was occurring. farmers had to move to California because their harvest was being destroyed. the wind Carrie the topsoil away this is why it was called the dust bowl -
William Randolph Hearst
Hearst reputation suffered in the 1930s as his policy views changed in 1932 he was a major supporter of FDR his news papers through 1933. Hearst broke with FDR in the spring of 19365 when president vetoed the pat man bonus bill -
20th amendment
sets the dates at which federal government elected offices end also defines who succeeds the president if the president dies. elected officials who had been replaced were office longer than was necessary called "lame duck" period mire the new president from taking in office in February back to January to lesson lame duck period -
aaa (agricultural adjustment act)
its purpose was to help farmers byreducing production of staple crops, taxes forced farmers to cut amounts they marketed the gov even paid for farmers not to grow crops so prices would not go up and help the land -
Tennessee valley authority
it was created by congressional in may 1933 to provide flood control electricity generator and economic development during the depression this was president Roosevelt new deal for reform largest public power company in the u.s owns the 5th largest river system provides electricity for Tennessee but also parts of Kentucky Alabama Georgia north Carolina and Virginia some feared the TVA was a form of socialism -
FDIC [federal deposit insurance corporation]
purpose was to provide stability to the economy and failing bank system. insured bank deposits so that people wont lose their saving in bank failure. this was Roosevelt reform of the "new deal" -
21st amendment
many people had simply refused to accept the ban on alcohol. even president Harding drank alcohol in the white house. prohibition was repealed by the twenty-first amendment. the experience of prohibition demonstrated that unpopular laws are sometimes unenforceable -
securities and exchange commission
the purpose of the sec is protecting investor from dangerous or illegal financial practices of fraud. the issue it addressed, was the fact that no one was watching the stock markets. the effectas of its passage was to prevent another stock market collapse; in doing so it ivolved our markets into high-tech trading centers -
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Franklin D Roosevelt
he defeated Herbert in the 1932 presidential election. major issues were the cultural issues which had before dominated previous elections. the depression was of major concern during this election. he took offices during the great depression [1929-1939]. the only thing we have to fear is fear itself. his meaning for this quote was that the fears they had was making things worse -
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first term of Franklin d Roosevelt
his positive approach and charm helped him defeat herbort hoover in Nov. 1932. depression was the only issue of consequent in the campaign. Americans had to choose between unsuccessful policies from hoover, who claimed Roosevelt would intensity the disaster the econmy was in depression, no jobs or homes. franklin took office and delcared 4 days bank holidays and urged mericans to put back saving. famous quote "the only thing to fear is fear itself" meaning fear only made things worse -
gold river act
u.s. had a bi-metallic system of money. silver was also traded. gold standard came to an end in 1933 when roosevelt issued an executive outlawing the ownership of gold besides jewelry. roosevelt wanted people to rely on " flat money" [paper money] -
Huey long 1935
u.s senator and former governor of Louisiana Huey long promised to give each american family an income of $5,000 was assassinated before he was able to mount his campaign FDR -
judicial procedures reform bill
the reform bill was frequently called the "court packing plan" a legislative initiative proposed by u.s president Franklin d Roosevelt to add more justice to the u.s supreme court. the bill was to increase the number of u.s supreme court justices then to bring in several new justices who would change the balance of opinion on the court. Roosevelt failed many times at attempting to pass the law its failure exposed the limits of Roosevelt abilities to push legislation through direct public appeal. -
Robert Taft (new deal socialism)
co operating with conservative democrat and led the conservative that opposed the new deal. the republican gains in the 1938 elections combined with the creation of the conservative had stopped the expansion of new deal. calling for economy in government, a balanced budget and less centralization of power in the nation capital -
grapes of wrath
the grape of wrath is an american realist novel written by john Steinbeck and published in 1939 an okie is a resident native or cultural descendant of Oklahoma the route 66 (u.s. 66 or route 66) the main hwy in the 1930s that connected the great plains to California migrants went to California in hopes to find jobs and to work but when they got there the jobs were taken -
social security act
in 1935 the social security act was created for old age unemployed people who cant help there selfs the ssa was part of the 3rs of the new deal that fdr put in place because of the great depression -
Francis Townsend
Dr Francis t. was an american physician who devised the Townsend plan a popular for state-founded old-age pensions. planed to end the great depression by opening jobs for young people
