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Stock Market Cash
-Main causes: Taniff and war debt policies that cut down the foreign market for American goods
-A crisis in the farm sector
-the availability of easy credit
-An unequal distribution of income
-Stock market crash was a result of various economic imbalances and structural failings -
Migrant Mother
-Ms Lange during her career in 1930's she wanted to use the power of the image to effect political change
-Many americans lost their homes and family in the depression people were homeless and went hungry millions depended on soup kitchens for their food the last photo migrant mother was published in the San Francisco March 10 1936
Effect was funded by fed agencies farm security administration helped draw attention to the desperate conditions in rural american during the great depression -
Dust Bowl
-Human causes: Farmers had been plowing the grass lands for crops in central plains and trapping underground water supplies natural causes were 10 year drought has occurring
-Farmers had to move to California because their harvest has being destroyed the wind carrie the top soil away this why it was called Dust bowl -
Francis Townsend/Senior Income Plan
-Dr. Francis Townsend was an american physician who devised the Townsend plan, a popular proposal for state-funded old age pensions
His alternative plan promised to end the Great Depression by opening up jobs for younger workers, while forcing seniors to spend more money in consumer economy
-The Roosevelt administration eventually adopted a version of the Townsend Plan when it created the Social Security Program -
FDR First Term
-Roosevelt's famous quote "Only thing we have to fear is fear itself. Addressing himself to cause of the moral dimensions, Roosevelt's placed blame squarely on the greed and shortsightedness of bankers and businessman
-He defeated Herbert Hoover
-Major issue: Americans facing widespread unemployment
-Great Depression continued the nations economy continued to wheeze -
20th Amendment
-The 20th amendment was to more the invigoration up for February to January. So two presidents will not be in office at the same time. This Period called the "Lame Duck" Period
-"Lame Duck" is an elected official whose time in an office or position will soon end & does little as the President -
Gold Reserve Act and the Gold Standard
-The act was to restrict the private use of gold, transfer ownership of all monetary gold to the US Treasury, prohibited the Treasury and financial institutions from redeeming dollars for gold, and act people would go to the bank and ask for loads of money in gold
-The long term effects people still cannot go into banks and get loans for gold, most gold goes to US Treasury -
AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Act)
-Its purpose was to help farmers by reducing production of staple crops, taxes forced farmers to cut amounts they marketed
-The Gov even paid for farmers not to grow crops so prices would no go up and help the land -
FDIC
(Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)
-Purpose was to provide stability to the economy and the failing bank system
-Insured Bank deposits so that people wont lose their savings in bank failure
-This was Roosevelts Ribbon of "The Deal" -
Period: to
New Deal
-He tried to stabilize the economy and provide jobs and relief to those who were suffering and aimed to restore some measure of dignity and prosperity to many Americans through New Deal
-The Federal Government helped care for dependent children and the disabled and the federal gov built does along the Tennessee River that controlled flooding and generated inexpensive hydroelectric power for the people in the area -
21 Amendment
-The 21st amendment repealed prohibition
-It also was ratified because many people had simply refused to accept the ban on Alcohol
-President Harding drank alcohol in the White House during the prohibition -
Securities and Exchange Commission
-The purpose of the Security is protecting investors from dangerous or illegal financial practices of fraud
-The issue it addressed was the fact that no one was watching the Stock market -
Social Security
-Social Security was probably the most important measure of the New Deal it provided workers with unemployment insurance, old age early worker and their employers can paid new contributions to fund these benefits in part of Roosevelt -
Huey Long
-US Senator and former governor of Louisianan Huey Long promised to give each American family an income of $5,000 was assassinated before he was able to mount his campaign against FDR -
Robert Taft
-Senate in 1938, He opposed Roosevelt's new deal because he felt it was socialism
-It is alternative plan was calling for economy in government, a balanced budget and a less central nation of power in the nations capital -
New Deal
-He tried to stabilize the economy and provide jobs and relief to those who were suffering, and aimed to restore some measure of dignity to many Americans
-The federal gov helped care for dependent children and the disabled, so president Roosevelt helped through the 3 r's
-Relief-Helped the unemployed people, recovery helped by giving money, and reform helped and defects of American economy -
Immigration during the Depression
-Tension on 5 new towards immigrants and migrant worker both mexican and European due to the lack of jobs and dustbowl
-after a certain amount of time during the depression the Us stopped allowing immigrants into the country
-The police started deporting Mexicans & Europeans immigrants and insome rare occasions farmers in the soutr were deported because they were mistaken for immigrants -
Grape of Wrath
-The Author was John Steinbeck published in 1939
-Okies Farm families from southern plains who migrated to California in 1930
-People think they are migrating to California for better future but reality is it is hard to find jobs
-Route 66 was the path migrant farmers used to get to California from the Dust Bowl area -
The Great Depression
-During peak of the Great Depression the 10 west unemployment rate was 15% until the U.s Entry of War
-Due to the lack of jobs people would have to live for free break and soup most people also lost their homes
-FDR created new jobs with the new deal and SRS reform, recovery, relief -
Return to Normalcy
-Warren Hardig's "return to Normalcy (meaning life before WW1) because "America first campaign which encouraged industrialization & a strong economy independent of foreign influence
-Harding supported the idea of isolationism
-he wanted the U.s to focus on peace production & prosperity(Better Life)
-Bank run when a large number of customers of a bank or another financial institution withdraw
-They deposits simultaneously due to concerns about the banks solvency -
Judicial Procedures Reform Bill
-The reform bill was frequently called the court packing plan was a legislative initiative proposed by US President Franklin D Roosevelt to add more justice to the US Supreme Court
-Also was to increase the number of US Supreme Court justices then to bring in several new justices who would changes the balance of opinion on the court
-Roosevelt failed many times at attempting to pass the law its failure exposed the limits of Roosevelts abilities to push legislation through direct public appeal -
William Randolph Hearst
-Hearst's reputation suffered in the 1930's as his political views changed in 1932 he was a major supporter of FDR his newspapers throughout 1933
-Hearst broke with FDR in the spring of 1935 when president vetoed the pat man bonus bill