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Henry Cabot Lodge
-He strongly supported imperialsim and stronger navy
-He was in charge of the congressional commitee that was in charge of investigators
-Was against joining the league of nations and felt the us would lose its freedom of action
-Imperialsim- A policy of ex trading a countrys powers and influence through diplomacy and military force -
Alfred Thayer Mahan
-Mahan influenced the us military policy by the ideas in his book the influence of sea power upon history
-Mahans ideas influenced naval power by the us seeking new markets abroad through the navy on the seas, and his emphasis upon acquisition of naval bases, including assistant secretary pf the navy thedore Roosevelt -
Presidency of Sanford B.Dole
-The US navy used hawaii as a gas station
-He helped overthrow the queen of Hawaii and shortly afterwards he had gotten elected president of Hawaii which led to the annexation of Hawaii to the US
-He was boirn in Hawaii and his family developed the pineapple company -
Expanding World Power
-In this time period, america changes their view from internal expansion and domestic issues to becoming a globsl force, both economically and military -
Sinking of the USS Maine
-The Maine was sent to Cuba to protect american citizens while the Cuban revolutionaries were fighting spain for independence
-The newspaper writers on blamed spain for the explosion so there was a public uproar
-Many americans saw this as a chance to seize other overseas possessions and begin building an american empire -
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Spanish American War
-Was a conflict between United States and Spain
-The war was to end Spanish colonial rule in the U.S. and a chance for U.S. to be an empire
-It was in the Western Pacific and Latin American like Philippines,Samoa, Guam, Wake island, and Cuba
-Congress supported a modernization program that would make American Navy effective and strong -
Spanish American war
-Was a conflict between the us and spain
- The war was to end spanish colonial rules in the us and a chance for the us to be an empier
-It was in the western pacific and latin america like the phillipines,somoa, huam, wake island, and cuba
-Congress support a modernization program that would make american navy effective and strong -
Open Door Policy
-Purpose of the policy was to give all nations equal rights when trading with China
-The treaty would opppose any attempts by other nations to use the rebellion as an excuse to dismember China
-This policy was the US attempt towards world power -
Theodore Roosevelt roughriders
-Assistant secretary of the navy Theodore Roosevelt raised a volunteer force known as the rough riders acting with other army regiments. They defeated spanish forces at San Juan hill in cuba -
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Panama Canal
-President Theodore Roosevelt oversaw the realization of a long-term United States goal, a trans-isthmian canal.
-Throughout the 1800s, American and British leaders and businessmen wanted to ship goods quickly and cheaply between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts.
-International trade influenced the political situation in order to build the canal -
Roosevelt Corollary
-Was created by Theodore Roosevelt
-Convinced that all of Latin americans was vunerable to european attack
- President Roosevelt dusted of the monroe doctrine and added his own corollary
-Monroe Doctrine blocked further expansion of europe in the western hemisphere, Roosevelt Corollary
-Was used to justify US intervention through the hemisphere -
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Dollar Diplomacy
-The goal of diplomacy was to create stability and order abroad that would best promote American commercial interests
-“Dollar diplomacy” was evident in extensive U.S. interventions in the Caribbean and Central America, especially in measures undertaken to safeguard American financial interests in the region
-“Dollar diplomacy” failed to counteract economic instability and the tide of revolution in places like Mexico, the Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, and China. -
World war 1
-Central powers cinsist of Austia-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and the ottoman empire
-Allied powers are Serbia, Russia. France, the United Kingdom,Italy,Belgium, Bosnia, and the United States
-Tje cause of the war was the assaasination of Archduke Franz Fernand at Sarajevo on 28/June/1914 -
Sinking of the Lusitania
-Occurred during the first world war, as Germany waged submarine warfare against the UK
-Killed 1,193
-Contributed to the American entry into WW1 -
German unrestricted submarine warfare
-Germany declared the area around the British isles a war zone, which all ships would be attacked by the german navy.A string of attacks on merchant ships followed, culminating in the sinking of the Lustania by the german u boat
-The incident prompted U.S. president Woodrow Wilson to send a note to the german government demanding an end to GErman attacks against unarmed merchant ships,a nd the german navy commandeers, did not accept this degree of passivity, and continued -
Sussex Pledge
The Sussex Pledge was a promise made in 1916 during ww1 by germany to the US prior to the latters entry into the war. Early in 1915 Germany had instituted a policy of unrestricted ships, but not passenger ships to be torpedoed without warning -
Zimmerman Telegram
-Internal diplomatic communication issued from the German foreign office that proposed a military alliance between Germany & Mexico in the event of the U.S. entering WW1 against Germany
-Helped generate support for the U.S. declaration of war on Germany in April -
Espionage Act
-The act was designed to crush subversion and silence critics of the war. For those convicted of aiding the enemy obstructing military recruitment, protesting, conscription, or say or doing anything or impede the war effort
-The maximum fine was up to 810,000 and 20 years in federal prisom -
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American Expeditionary Force
-Consisted of the U.S. army sent to Europe under the command of General John J. Pershing in 1917 to help fight in WW1
-Total of 1.3 million soldiers arrived in France
-AEF fought in France alongside French and British Forces against German forces in the last year of the war
-The men in the AEF army were nicknamed Dough Boys because of the white belts they wore -
Fourteen Point Plan
-Teh fourteen point plan ideas were distrubuted world wide by the government writing for Gorge Creel in the american commitee on public information
-Millions of copies of booklets and pamphlets that explained wilsons plan were distributed to allied nations and dropped from planes above germany
-Allies agreed to accept the fourteen point plan as the basis for the country peace negotiations if Wilson would agree to two reservations -
Treaty of Versailles
-The treaty terms was germany to tkae the blame. germany had to give up land to france, and 4 other countries, germany had to pay for all reparations, and the german army was limited to 100,000 men. the league of nations was created
-The U.S. saw this treaty as an unfair punishment, so Woodrow Wilson proposed 14 points.
-The U.S. was offered to join the league but turned it down because of foreign affairs, so the US went into isolation until the stock market crash -
Battle of Argone Forrest
-The commanding general was john.pershing
-The AEF nickname was doughboys
-They had moer than 500,000-1,000,000 men, the AEF sustained about 320,000 casuilties and 204,000 wounded during the war
-U.S. divisions were deployed with French and British unit to gain combat experience by defending relatively quiet sectors of their lines. The AEF helped push the sailing powers toward victory under the command of general john.j Pershings -
Alvin York
-He was said to kill over 200 german soldiers and capture an additional 132 at the head of a small detachment in the Argone Forrest near the Meusse river in France
-The german commander had underestimated the size of the enemy squadron, surrendering his garrison of some 90 men
-York was awarded the highest american military decoration, The congressional medal of honpr -
League of nations
-The treaty created the league of nations, an organization of nations pledged to defend each other against agressors
-The US congress denied president wilsons 14 points along with the league of nations
-The league was severly weakened when several major powers such as the US and Russia failed to join