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Traders established Port Royal in Acadia (Nova Scotia) in 1603
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English become the first settlers in Jamestown supported by the London Company
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The Spanish settle in the first western colony, Santa Fe
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The first African slaves arrive to Jamestown.
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Plymouth Colony is established as the Mayflower arrives to Massachusetts.
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New Amsterdam becomes New York. Dutch Governor Peter Stuyvesant surrenders New Amsterdam, the capital of New Netherland, to an English naval squadron under Colonel Richard Nicolls. Stuyvesant had hoped to resist the English, but he was an unpopular ruler, and his Dutch subjects refused to rally around him. Following its capture, New Amsterdam’s name was changed to New York, in honor of the Duke of York, who organized the mission.
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On December 10, 1690, a failed attack on Quebec and subsequent near-mutiny force the Massachusetts Bay Colony to issue the first paper currency in the history of the Western Hemisphere.