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Period: to
Early American History
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Declaration of Independence Signed
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Constitution Written
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Bill of Rights Ratified
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Period: to
Civil War/Reconstruction
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Homestead Act
Provided 160 acres of land for anyone willing to settle out West -
13th Amendment
Abolished Slavery -
14th Amendment
Granted citizenship to everyone born or naturalized in the United States. Equal protection under the law -
Transcontinental Railroad Completed
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15th Amendment
All (male) citizens could vote who were of age, regardless of race -
Telephone Invented by Alexander Graham Bell
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Period: to
The Gilded Age
1) Rockefeller/Carnegie (Captains of Industry vs. Robber Barons)
Large industry powerhouses. Some with large financial power used it to aid, others to harm
2) Philanthropy
To promote welfare. Some used their power to help those in need
3) Monopoly
A single power in an industry. They harmed, or completely eradicated competition
4) Jane Addams
Activist. aided in social work, and women's suffrage
5) Laissez-Faire
A hands-off economic policy. Discouraged government involvement in the economy -
Chinese Exclusion Act
Prohibited immigration of skilled or unskilled Chinese laborers, first US national immigration act -
Pendleton Civic Service Act
Awarded government jobs based on merit -
Interstate Commerce Act
Ensure railroad set “reasonable and just” rate and the first time government stepped in to regulate business -
Hull House founded, first of many settlement houses
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Sherman Antitrust Act
Outlawed business monopolies -
Sherman Antitrust Act
Outlawed trusts to promote economic fairness -
Period: to
The Progressive Era
1) Muckrakers
Journalist who pointed out issues. Held some accountable
2) Initiative, Referendum, Recall
Law adapters. Allowed laws to be modified by vote
3) The Great Migration
Large movement of African Americans. Resulted in large influx of people in the urban Northeast
4) NAACP
Civic rights organization. Helped push against racial differences in treatment
5) Immigration Issues (Assimilation and Nativism)
Ideology. Many favored those born in the country, and opposed immigration -
Klondike Gold Rush (Alaska)
1896-1899 -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Legalized segregation, asserting "separate, but equal" -
USS Maine explodes off the coast of Cuba, starting the Spanish American War
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Hawaii is annexed as a territory of the United States
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Period: to
Imperialism
1) Theodore Roosevelt
26th U.S. President. Lead the Rough Riders, and established Yellowstone as a national park
2) Rough Riders
U.S. volunteer cavalry. Fought in the Spanish-American War
3) Foreign Policy
Involvement with other nations. Dictated how foreign events were handled
4) Immigration Quotas
Immigration limit. Slowed the process of new people entering the nation
5) Yellow Journalism
Exorbitant reporting. Enticed outrage over certain events -
Open Door Policy
Initiated free trade with China -
Panama Canal Built
1904-1914 -
The Roosevelt Corollary
An addition to the Monroe Doctrine -
'The Jungle' by Upton Sinclair is published
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Meat Inspection Act
Law that makes it illegal to adulterate or misbrand meat -
Pure Food and Drug Act
Regulation of the preparation of foods and the sale of medicines -
NAACP Founded
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Dollar Diplomacy
Taft’s policy of paying for peace in Latin America -
16th Amendment
Established the federal income tax -
17th Amendment
Direction election of U.S. senators -
Federal Reserve Act
Established the federal reserve, which helped stabilize the bank industry -
Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated, starting World War I
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Period: to
World War I
1) Alvin York
WWI Soldier. Received Metal of Honor
2) Homefront
Those who stay in the country to work during war. Aided the soldiers and nation
3) M.A.I.N. (Causes of WWI)
Militarism, alliances, imperialism and nationalism. The main causes of WWI
4) Sussex Pledge
German Agreement. Stated adequate warning would be given before torpedoing merchant or passenger ships
5) American Expeditionary Forces
American War formation on the Western Front. Lead by Pershing, it helped turn the war -
Sinking of the Lusitania
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National Parks System Created
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Zimmerman Telegram intercepted by the British, warned the U.S. of a proposed ally between Mexico and Germany
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The United States enters WWI on the Allied side
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Bolshevik Revolution in Russia begins, causing Russian troops to exit the war
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Germany surrenders to the Allied Powers
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Battle of Argonne Forest, considered the turning point of the war
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President Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points
Statement of principles for peace after World War I, included no colonialism, freedom of the seas, and a League of Nations -
Treaty of Versailles
Peace treaty that ended World War I, required Germany to accept full blame and pay war reparations as well as demilitarize -
18th Amendment
Prohibition is enacted and alcohol is illegal -
19th Amendment
Women are given the right to vote -
Period: to
Roaring Twenties
1) Social Darwinism
Social theory. Justified certain ideologies
2) The Red Scare
Communist fear. Enticed conflicts within the United States
3) Assembly Line
Production means. Quickened assembly speed of things such as the automobile
4) Return to Normalcy
Warren G. Harding's campaign slogan. Wished for life before WWI and the Spanish Flu
5) Harlem Renaissance
Social movement. Revived African American art and literature -
Teapot Dome Scandal uncovered by the Wall Street Journal
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American Indian Citizenship Act
Granted citizenship to any Native Americans born within the United States -
Scopes Monkey Trial
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Charles Lindbergh makes history by making a nonstop solo flight from New York to Paris
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Stock Market Crash
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Period: to
Great Depression
1) Hoovervilles
Makeshift homes. Prominent during the Great Depression
2) The New Deal
Policy by FDR. Sought to bring Americans back to financial certainty
3) Causes of the Great Depression (5)
Economic trends. Tumbled into the Great Depression
4) Court Packing
Political strategy. FDR tried loading the supreme courts with those who agreed with him
5) Eleanor Roosevelt
A U.S. First Lady. A key voice in expanding women's right in the workplace -
Dust Bowl
1930-1936 -
Franklin D. Roosevelt elected
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Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) established
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20th Amendment
Adjusted the dates of the presidential terms -
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) established
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21st Amendment
Repeals the 18th Amendment and prohibition ends -
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) established
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Works Progress Administration (WPA) established
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Social Security Act
Established the Social Security Administration, which provides unemployment insurance, aid to the disabled, old age pensions, and insurance for families -
Adolf Hitler invades Poland, starting WWII
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Period: to
World War II
1) Island Hopping
War tactic. Helped US fight Japan
2) Liberation of Concentration Camps
Victory. Brought innocent to justice
3) Dwight Eisenhower
U.S. President. End of WWII
4) Douglas MacArthur
General. Aided in Pacific Theatre
5) Chester W. Nimitz
Admiral. Aided navy in WWII
6) Navajo Code Talkers
Helped US with code
7) Tuskegee Airmen
First African American military aviators
8) Flying Tigers
Planes. Helped China
9) The Manhattan Project
Made atomic bomb
10) Rosie the Riveter
Women workforce -
Attack on Pearl Harbor
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Battle of Midway
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Bataan Death March
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Executive Order 9066
Incarceration of Japanese Americans for the duration of WWII -
“D-Day” - Invasion of Normandy
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G.I. Bill
Gives military veterans financial and educational benefits -
United Nations formed
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Period: to
Early Cold War
1) Containment
U.S. Policy. Aimed to stop the spread of communism
2) Arms Race/Space Race
U.S. - Soviet Union competition. Each tried to one-up each other in different contexts.
3) The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
A communist nation which existed mostly in Northern Eurasia. Was the main spreader of communism
4) Communism
A economic/political ideology. Believed in no social classes
5) Domino Theory
Political theory. If something happened in one nation, neighbors would follow suit -
The atomic bomb, “Little Boy” is dropped in Hiroshima, Japan (August 6)
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The atomic bomb, “Fat Man” is dropped in Nagasaki, Japan, ending World War II (August 9)
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Truman Doctrine
U.S. Policy that gave military and economic aid to countries threatened by communism -
Berlin Airlift
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Marshall Plan
Program to help European countries rebuild after WWII -
NATO established
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Korean War
1950-1953 -
Sweatt v. Painter
Ruled the separate law school at the University of Texas failed to qualify as “separate but equal” -
Period: to
Civil Rights Era
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Rosenbergs trial
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22nd Amendment
Prohibits anyone who has been elected president twice from being elected again -
First H-Bomb detonated by the United States
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Hernandez v. Texas
Mexican Americans and all other races provided equal protection under the 14th Amendment -
Period: to
Vietnam War
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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson and mandated desegregation -
Jonas Salk invents the Polio Vaccine
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Montgomery Bus Boycott after Rosa Parks’ arrest
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Interstate Highway Act
Authorized the building of a national highway system -
USSR launches Sputnik
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Little Rock Nine integrated into an all-white school in Little Rock, AK
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Bay of Pigs Invasion in Cuba
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Berlin Wall built to prevent people from leaving communist East Berlin
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Cuban Missile Crisis
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Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream Speech” at the March on Washington
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John F. Kennedy is assassinated in Dallas, TX
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Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Begins undeclared war in Vietnam -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Made discrimination based on race, religion, or national origin in public places illegal and required employers to hire on an equal opportunity basis -
24th Amendment
Abolished the poll tax -
Medicare and Medicaid established
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Voting Rights Act of 1965
Eliminated literacy tests for voters -
Tet Offensive
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Civil Rights Act of 1968
Prohibited discrimination in the sale or rental of housing -
Martin Luther King is assassinated
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Tinker v. Des Moines
Defined the First Amendment rights for students in the United States Public Schools -
First Man on the Moon
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Kent State University shooting
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Period: to
End of the Cold War
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Pentagon Papers Leaked
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26th Amendment
Moved the voting age from 21 years old to 18 years old -
Title IX
Protects people from discrimination based on gender in education programs -
War Powers Act
Law limited the President’s right to send troops to battle without Congressional approval -
Watergate Scandal, which leads to Nixon’s Resignation
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Fall of Saigon, marks the end of the Vietnam War
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Camp David Accords
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Iran Hostage Crisis
1979-1981 -
Three Mile Island Disaster
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Iran Contra Affair
1985-1987 -
Period: to
1990s-21 Century