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Period: 1534 to
British history from 1534-1801
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Nov 3, 1534
Act of supremacy by Henry VIII
As a way to divorce his wife Catherine of Aragon, Henry VIII names himself the supreme authority of the church to make his divorce lawful. He then marries Ann Boleyn -
1536
Pilgrimage of Grace
The dissolution of monasteries was interrupted by the rebellions in Yorkshire and Lincolnshire. People were against The dissolution of the monasteries (a central element of local communities, they provided poor relief etc.) and the Reformation. The restoration of the Pope and of Mary Tudor to the Royal Succession. Economic grievances -
Period: 1536 to 1541
Dissolution of monasteries
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Period: 1547 to 1553
Reign of Edward VI
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1549
Book of Common prayer
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Period: 1553 to 1558
Reign of Mary I
Very Catholic
Restores Catholicism in 18 months
Will be nicknamed « Bloody Mary » because of the mass murder of protestants she conducted -
Period: 1555 to 1558
Mass murder of protestants
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Period: Nov 17, 1558 to
Reign of Elizabeth I
Very protestant
Reigns after telling her Catholic sister that she would follow God’s will when entrusted with the catholic reformation of the country
Looks for a middle ground (a « Via Media ») because her main goal is to satisfy as much people as possible after 25 years of religious changes -
1559
Act of Uniformity
It is a religious belief
Every parish had to use the book of Common Prayer
People who did not attend Anglican services were fined -
1559
Act of Supremacy
Church organisation
• abolished the authority of the Pope
• restored the authority of the Queen over the Church
• She became “Supreme Governor of the Church of England”. -
Period: 1563 to 1571
The 39 articles of faith
It is a doctrine
Stated the doctrine (religious belief) of the Church
3 important changes : a new ecclesiology (conception of the Church) / a new doctrine of Salvation (doctrine du salut) / a new definition of sacraments and of the mass
still in use today -
1568
Mary queen of Scots flees to England
Mary Stuart (queen of Scots) flees a civil war in Scotland. She is kept under close watch by Elizabeth as Mary is a menace to her reign. A lot of Catholics will try replacing Elizabeth I by Mary Stuart. Elizabeth I won’t have the courage to execute Mary Stuart as she is her cousin -
Period: 1568 to
Mary queen of Scots is a prisoner
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1570
The Pope excommunicates Elizabeth I
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1570
Pope Pius V issues the papal bull against Elizabeth I
In this bull, the Pope calls Elizabeth I the « so-called queen ». He excommunicates her and insults her -
Period: 1577 to
163 persons killed during repression
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1581
The 1581 Act
Death penalty for anybody converting or already converted to Catholicism
Anglican masses were compulsory. Anybody not attending would be fined of 20£
It was forbidden to participate in Catholic masses -
Babington Plot
At least 8 plots were made against the queen. This one was discovered by Francis Walsingham. Mary Stuart was a part of the plot -
Execution of Mary queen of Scots
She wore a red dress for her execution, which was the color of the martyred catholics -
Defeat of Spanish armada
England had just received a fleet of 800 modern ships, and defeated the armada of the king of Spain Philip I -
Union of Crowns
Scotland and England share the same monarch -
Period: to
Thirty Years’ War
James I wanted to help his daughter and son-in-law -
Petition of rights
The MPs are sick of Charles I’s belief in the divine right of Kings. They want rights -
Period: to
The Personal Rule
Eleven years of Tyranny where king Charles I governed without calling a parliament -
New Prayer Book
Charles I tried imposing a new prayer book to the scots -
Period: to
The Scottish Crisis
The Scots demand religious freedom -
Bishops’ War
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Long parliament
The MPs want to make up for the eleven years without parliament. Two acts are passed : Parliament meets every 3 years at least and the dissolution of parliament requires its consent -
Short Parliament
Charles I summons a parliament for the first time in eleven years because he needs money to fight the scots -
Irish Rebellion
Irish catholics rise up against protestant settlers and kill 3000/4000 of them. False rumor going around saying the number of deaths on the protestant side reaches 200 000 ! anti-catholic sentiment reinforced in england -
The Grand Remonstrance
It summarized all the wrong doing of Charles I and concluded on “revolutionary” demands -
Militia Act
the army should be placed under the control of a general appointed by Parliament
taking away the King’s ability to appoint whoever he wanted ! -
Charles I declares war on Parliament
it’s in the title -
Period: to
Civil war
190 000 englishmen died -
Period: to
Second Civil War
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law abolishing monarchy
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Irish rebellion
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Period: to
The Commonwealth
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Period: to
Interregnum
period in which england was declared a commonwealth -
Charles I is executed
bye -
Cromwell defeats the Scots
Army raised by Charles II who was proclaimed King of Scots -
End of the Commonwealth and start of the Cromwellian Protectorate
was a military protectorate -
Period: to
Cromwellian protectorate
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Cromwell dies
RIP -
Period: to
Anarchy
7 governments in less than a year right after Richard quits -
Charles II issued the Declaration of Breda
A general amnesty (pardon)
•To continue religious toleration
•To share power with Parliament in return for the restoration of monarchy. -
Period: to
The Clarendon Code
Repressive laws towards religious groups who aren’t a part of the anglican church -
The Restoration
Charles II is proclaimed King -
The Act of Uniformity
ministers had to swear to conform to the Book of Common Prayer -
Plague
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Great Fire of London
removed the last bits of plague -
The Popish Plot
Rumour of a plot organised by the French to murder Charles II and replace him by his Catholic brother James II -
Period: to
The Exclusion Crisis
Parliament attempted to debar James II from the succession to the English throne -
Charles II dies
James II succeeds -
Bill of rights
Listed King James’ misdeeds
•Fixed limitations on the sovereign’s powers
•Parliament had to consent to new laws
•Parliament gained control over finances and over the army