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201 BCE
Centralization
Centralization is the idea of giving a few key people in a company the power to make all the decisions. However, companies that tried this often ran into problems. Henry Ford did this with Ford motors and the company almost failed since he wouldn’t allow managers to do manager tasks. -
Scientific Management
The invention of scientific management increases productivity and makes work easier. Scientific management is important because it is found in most industrial business operations across the globe. -
Hawthorne Studies of Productivity
The Hawthorne Studies of Productivity shows people are dependent on social issues and job satisfaction. It is important because it gives workers an incentive to work harder. -
TQM
TQM consists of continuously detecting and reducing or eliminating errors in manufacturing, streamlining supply chain management improving the customer experience, and ensuring that employees are up to speed with training. This has changed over time as companies learn and adapt to new generations and new costs on products. -
Hierarchy of Needs
The hierarchy of needs is the grouping and ordering of physical, security, social, status, and self-fulfillment needs. The hierarchy of needs is important because it is concerned with human motivation. -
Theory X & Y
Douglas McGregor, a prominent figure in the evolution of management theory, made significant contributions in behavioural theory. This assumption commonly referred to as theory Y (human relation) contradicts theory X notion; employees inherently hate working. -
Decentralization
Decentralization Is the process when managers at different levels throughout the company make decisions. Alfred Sloan broke his automobile company into 5 different departments, Buick, Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, and Cadillac. This allowed them to better target multiple different audiences. -
Theory Z
Theory Z is a management philosophy that deals with organizational culture, quality that shows how employees view their management their set of beliefs, values, and principles. -
Deming's Fourteen Points
Deming’s Fourteen Points is a core concept of implementing TQM in companies to improve quality and productivity. Deming’s Fourteen Points is important because it builds customer awareness, reduces variation, and more.