-
Yogurt and cheese made with lactic acid
producing bacteria by various cultures. -
Moldy soybean curds used as an antibiotic.
-
Chinese use Chrysanthemum as a natural insecticide.
-
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek discovers and describes
bacteria and protozoa. -
Edward Jenner uses first viral vaccine to inoculate
a child from smallpox. -
Protein discovered, named and recorded by
Gerardus Johannes Mulder and Jons Berzelius -
Louis paesteur discovers the bacterial origin
of fermentation. -
Greogor Mendal discovers the laws of inheritance.
-
Friedrich Miescher identifies DNA in the sperm of a trout
-
Robert Koch develops a technique for staining bacteria for identification.
-
Louis Pasteur develops vaccines against bacteria
that caused cholera and anthrax chickens. -
Louis Pasteur and Emile Roux developed the first rabies vaccines and use it on Joseph Meister.
-
Karl Ereky, a Hungarian agricultural engineer, first uses the word biotechnology.
-
Alexander Fleming notices that a certain mold could stop the duplication of bacteria.
-
James D. Watson and Francis Crick describe the structure of DNA.
-
The term bionics was coined by Jack E. Steele.
-
Stanley Norman Cohen and Herbert Boyer perform the first successful recombinant DNA experiment using bacterial genes.
-
Method for producing monoclonal antibodies developed by Kohler and Cesar Milstein.
-
North Carolina scientists Clyde Hutchison and Marshall Edgell show it is possible to introduce specific mutations at specific sites in a DNA molecule.
-
The U.S. patent for gene cloning is awarded to Cohen and Boyer.
-
First federally approved gene therapy treatment is preformed successfully on a young girl who suffered from an immune disorder.
-
The United States Food and Drug Administration approves the first GM food: the “Flvr Savr” tomato.
-
British scientist, led by Ian Wilmut from the Roslin Institute, report cloning Dolly the sheep using DNA from two adult sheep cells.
-
Completion of a “rough draft” of the human genome in the Human Genome Project.
-
The Human Genome Project is completed providing information on the locations and sequence of human genes on all 46 chromosomes.
-
Japanese astronomers launched the first Medical Experiment Module called “Kibo”, that was used on the International Space Station.
-
Dr. J. Craig Venter announces completion of “synthetic life” by transplanting synthetic genome capable of self-replication into a recipient bacterial cell.
-
J. Craig Venter created the first synthetic cell.
-
Researchers in Japan developed functional human liver tissue from reprogrammed skin cells.
-
Doctors discovered a vaccine that totally blocks infection altogether in the monkey equivalent of the disease a breakthrough that is now being studied to see if it works in humans.
