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The Roman Catholic Church compiled its liturgical plainsongs. We call this musical repertoire Gregorian chant in honour of Pope Gregory the Great.
-It has a monophonic texture, without instrumental accompaniment
-It uses modal scales and is in free time
-The text is in latin with a religious theme
-It´s performed by male voices
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kK5AohCMX0U -
The first symbols were called neumes.
A neumatic notational system was used, on a four- line stave -
Was a teacher in the cathedral school in Arezzo, Italy. As well as intenting the Guidonian hand, he created the four-line stave and gave the notes the names that we still use today.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3iR3bJKk1Xc -
Was a german nun, writer, scientist and composer. From an early age, she experienced mystic visions and she said that this visions werw accompanied by music.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ctx5fo-8DTI -
Three main forms:
Motet: In the renaissance, this form became more important
Mass: It was a long composition wiyh liturgical texts, written in Ltin.
Chorale: It was thw most common musical form in the Protestant liturgy. -
In England, numerous songs for one voice with instrumental accompanimentwerw written.
In France the same formfor several voices with instrumental accompanimentwas very popular.
In Spain the main charracteristicswerw lyrics in spanish and strong rythms. -
Compositions based on vocal music
Compositions with an improvisational feel
Variations -
-Compositions basedonvocal music
-Compositions whith an improvisational feel
--Variations https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vERc8fLOnPE -
-It was composed for several parts
-Itwass composed usingmedieval modal sacales
-It had a defined and regular rhythm https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FEBO1ibzSX4 -
Her father and the rest of her familywere also musicians and she performedwith them,using the stage name Concerto Caccini.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ja7ugHH8DtM -
In this period, instrumental music became just as important as vocal music and the first works written for the orchestra appeared.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JQm5aSjX6g -
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Was a composer and priest from Venice.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Eaxcioiy2w -
Freedom of form and design. It was more personal and emotional.
Song-like melodies (lyrical), as well as many chromatic harmonies and discords.
Dramatic contrasts of dynamics and pitch.
Big orchestras, due mainly to brass and the invention of the valve.
Wide variety of pieces (i.e. songs up to five hour Wagner operas)
Programme music (music that tells a story)
Shape was brought to work through the use of recurring themes.
Great technical virtuosity.
Nationalism -
The piano was the most important romantic instrument.The piano developed technically and achived a great expressive ability.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aWgo5Xq2FQ0 -
Paris was the operatic capital
Around 1820, there was a new style of opera, Grand Opera
An example of of a grand opera is Guillame Tell
Opera Comique was also popular and in the later part of 19th century, a more serious type of comique opera evolved, Lyric Opera.
Naturalism
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yiGpm56Bi8s -
-Pursuing novelty, experimentation and origginality
-Exploring differentways of representing music
-Using new computers andinstrumental resources https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=--leBaulER4 -
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-Aleatoric music
-Musique concrete
-Electronic and electroacustic music
-Minimal music https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaYvMwQd3cs
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