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Period: 600 to 800
Gregorian Chant
The Roman Catholic Church compiled its liturgical plainsongs. We call this musical repertoire Gregorian chant in honour of Pope Gregory the Great.
-It has a monophonic texture, without instrumental accompaniment
-It uses modal scales and is in free time
-The text is in latin with a religious theme
-It´s performed by male voices
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kK5AohCMX0U -
800
First rules or musical notation
The first symbols were called neumes.
A neumatic notational system was used, on a four- line stave -
Period: 992 to 1050
Guido d´Arezzo
Was a teacher in the cathedral school in Arezzo, Italy. As well as intenting the Guidonian hand, he created the four-line stave and gave the notes the names that we still use today.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3iR3bJKk1Xc -
Period: 1098 to 1179
Hildegard von Bingen
Was a german nun, writer, scientist and composer. From an early age, she experienced mystic visions and she said that this visions werw accompanied by music.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ctx5fo-8DTI -
Period: 1400 to 1500
Religious Vocal Music
Three main forms:
Motet: In the renaissance, this form became more important
Mass: It was a long composition wiyh liturgical texts, written in Ltin.
Chorale: It was thw most common musical form in the Protestant liturgy. -
Period: 1400 to 1500
Secular Vocal Music
In England, numerous songs for one voice with instrumental accompanimentwerw written.
In France the same formfor several voices with instrumental accompanimentwas very popular.
In Spain the main charracteristicswerw lyrics in spanish and strong rythms. -
Period: 1400 to 1500
Instrumental Forms
Compositions based on vocal music
Compositions with an improvisational feel
Variations -
Period: 1453 to
Renaissance instrumental forms
-Compositions basedonvocal music
-Compositions whith an improvisational feel
--Variations https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vERc8fLOnPE -
Period: 1453 to
Renaissance music
-It was composed for several parts
-Itwass composed usingmedieval modal sacales
-It had a defined and regular rhythm https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FEBO1ibzSX4 -
Period: to
Francesca Caccini
Her father and the rest of her familywere also musicians and she performedwith them,using the stage name Concerto Caccini.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ja7ugHH8DtM -
Period: to
Baroque Music
In this period, instrumental music became just as important as vocal music and the first works written for the orchestra appeared.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JQm5aSjX6g -
Period: to
The Baroque Orchestra
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Period: to
Instrumental Forms
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Period: to
Antonio Vivaldi
Was a composer and priest from Venice.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Eaxcioiy2w -
Period: to
Romantic period
Freedom of form and design. It was more personal and emotional.
Song-like melodies (lyrical), as well as many chromatic harmonies and discords.
Dramatic contrasts of dynamics and pitch.
Big orchestras, due mainly to brass and the invention of the valve.
Wide variety of pieces (i.e. songs up to five hour Wagner operas)
Programme music (music that tells a story)
Shape was brought to work through the use of recurring themes.
Great technical virtuosity.
Nationalism -
Period: to
Compositions for piano
The piano was the most important romantic instrument.The piano developed technically and achived a great expressive ability.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aWgo5Xq2FQ0 -
Period: to
Vocal music
Paris was the operatic capital
Around 1820, there was a new style of opera, Grand Opera
An example of of a grand opera is Guillame Tell
Opera Comique was also popular and in the later part of 19th century, a more serious type of comique opera evolved, Lyric Opera.
Naturalism
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yiGpm56Bi8s -
Period: to
20th century music
-Pursuing novelty, experimentation and origginality
-Exploring differentways of representing music
-Using new computers andinstrumental resources https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=--leBaulER4 -
Period: to
First half of he 20th century
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Period: to
Second half of the 20th century
-Aleatoric music
-Musique concrete
-Electronic and electroacustic music
-Minimal music https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaYvMwQd3cs