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Confederacy Forms
Seven states form Confederacy, write their own constitution, and plan for an independent nation. -
Inaguration of Abraham Lincoln
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Period: to
Civil War
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Battle of Bull Run (Manassas) - First Battle
Gen. McDowell leads 30,000 men against Gen. Johnston's 22,000 Southern troops in an attempt to crush the rebels and go "On to Richmond." South scores victory as Union troops flee back to Washington in disarray. McDowell replaced by Gen. McClellan -
Battle of Antietam
Heavily outnumbered, Lee's troops face McClellan in bloody fighting. Over 23,000 casualties (more than all previous American wars combined). Lee retreats to Virginia -
Emancipation Proclamation
Emancipation Proclamation
With this document, all slaves in the South were freed. -
Battle of Gettysburg
Over 165,000 soldiers participate in the largest battle in the Western Hemisphere. After three days of fighting, Lee retreats, leaving 4,000 dead Confederates.
Total casualties: 23,000 Union, 28,000 Confederates -
President Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address
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Grant promoted to Lt. General and given command of all Union troops
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Robert E. Lee Surrenders
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