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Sputnik 1 was a satellite launched by the Soviet Union. It might have transmitted a secret code. Sputnik 1 greatly embarrassed the Americans.
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The Americans launched Explorer 1. It helped take away embarrassment from Sputnik 1.
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The Americans took the first succesful picture from orbit. It was called Explorer 6.
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On April 12, 1961, Yuri Gagarin was the first man in space. He was also the first to circle the Earth.
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John Glenn was the first American to orbit Earth. He orbitted Earth on the spacecraft Friendship 7.
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Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were the first men to walk the moon. It took them 3 days just to get to the moon!