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Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
German writer and statesman and his writings were incredibly influential on our Romantic composers -
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Luigi Cherubini
Italian composer who composed the french opera titled Lodoïska that was about heroism and equality. -
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Ludwig van Beethoven
Was the transitional figure from the Classical to the Romantic style. started as a performer then eventually got fame and became a composer. he lost his hearing. -
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Klemenz Wenzel von Metternich
Chancellor of Austria and was instrumental in shaping social activities -
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Carl Maria von Weber
Composed the first German romantic opera called “Der Freischütz” or the magic bullet. -
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Carl Maria von Weber
The creator of German Romantic opera -
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French Revolution
Nobility oppression of the commoners so the commoners revolted -
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Giacomo Meyerbeer
Jewish German composer who studied in Italy and composed French opera in Paris. -
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Gioacchino Rossini
The most important opera composer in the early 19th century -
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Gioachino Rossini
Continued Mozart’s operatic style -
Paris Conservatoire
A state institution for the training of musicians that replaced the training in churches and courts -
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Franz Schubert
Composed in all genres including over 600 Lieder. he was a freelance composer; earned his income from teaching and publishing his music -
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Gaetano Donizetti
Italian opera composer -
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Vincenzo Bellini
Italian opera composer -
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Hector Berlioz
One of the most important early innovators of new orchestration and genres. French composer Inspired by literature. -
Rescue Operas
became a thing after the French Revolution. it was an opera about good winning over evil and heroism -
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Fanny Mendelssohn
Sister of Felix, composer. Given the same musical training as her brother and was also a child prodigy -
Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, Opus 67
its a cyclic Symphony. The opening motive is used throughout all movements as a unifying device. Orchestration is fairly common and the strings still dominate the melody. -
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Felix Mendelssohn
Composer of most genres, revived of J.S. Bach’s music in Leipzig -
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Robert Schumann
More important as an editor and promoter of music -
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Frédéric Chopin
Pianist (delicate style) and composer who He only lived to age 39 -
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Franz Liszt
Piano virtuoso, writer, conductor, composer, innovator, supporter of Wagner -
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Giuseppe Verdi
The most important Italian composer in the mid to late 19th century who composed 28 operas -
The Congress of Vienna
Europe was reorganized. They restored strong monarchies in France, Spain, and the Netherlands -
The Ophicleide
invented in 1817 and is like a keyed trombone. they dont exist anymore. -
The Carlsbad Decrees of 1819
placed severe limits on freedom of expression by individuals and institutions such as Universities and presses -
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Clara Schumann
Virtuoso pianist, composer, wife of Robert -
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Bedřich Smetana
Best known for his programmatic cycle of 6 symphonic poems called Má vlast (My Country) -
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Stephen Foster
American song composer. He was the first American to make a living as a professional songwriter -
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Louis Moreau Gottschalk
American Nationalist born in New Orleans -
Symphonie fantastique
A 5 movement program symphony written by Berlioz.
it basically a bad trip on drugs about a woman -
Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung
music journal that reviewed new music and composers -
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Johannes Brahms
German romantic composer, a scholar, and one of the first editors of J. S. Bach’s music -
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Nationalism
a reaction against Germany by countries who wanted to proclaim their own nationalistic worth and patriotism in the face of Germany’s arrogant stance -
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Antonin Dvořák
Czechoslovakian nationalist composer who took an interest in the United States’ folk music and studied Black American cultures and music of the Native Americans -
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Ignacy Jan Paderewski
Polish pianist and composer and Prime minister and foreign minister of Poland in 1919. was a child prodigy on the piano -
Symphony No. 3 in F Major, Op. 90
written by Bramms it is a traditional 4 movement symphony and its movement 3 is not a Minuet and Trio