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from the Z-1 to present year
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see this link to learn about the Z-1
http://history-computer.com/ModernComputer/Relays/Zuse.html -
In Germany, Helmut Schreyer receives his doctoral thesis in engineering for demonstrating how electronic vacuum tubes can be used as basic units for ultra-high-speed digital computers.
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Hewlett-Packard is founded in Palo Alto, Calif.
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George Stibitz rents a telephone link from Dartmouth to his computer in New Jersey and demonstrates long distance computing in an address to the Dartmouth Mathematical Society in Hanover, N. H.
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Vannevar Bush completes his second model of the analog calculator, subsequently used to help devise artillery firing tables for the U.S. government whuch would be used prior to the second world war.
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Colossus, the world's first electronic computer, begins operations in December in England. Designed by Alan Turing and a team of scientists to decipher the signals of the German code machine Enigma, Colossus will help win the war for the Allies.
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In wartime Germany, unable to obtain material for circuits to control his computers, Konrad Zuse creates the first programming language, Plankalkul, for both numerical and nonnumerical problems.
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the z-1 was damaged in a bombing raid
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The Harvard Mark I, designed primarily by Prof. Howard Aiken (with funding by Thomas Watson and IBM), launches today's computer industry. The Mark I is the world's first fully automatic computer and the first machine to fulfill his dream
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scientists John Bardeen, Walter Houser Brattain and William Bradford Shockley revolutionize the young computer industry by inventing the transistor
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M.I.T.'s Claude Shannon switches on computer game history when he demonstrates how to outline problems using game-playing machines, then builds a chessplaying machine called Caissac.
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On an 8x8 board, Alan Turing writes the first computer program to simulate chess
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The American military begins to use computers to simulate operations in its "war games."
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IBM, the world's largest purveyor of punched card office machines, shifts to the manufacture of electronic computers.
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Bardeen, Brattain and Shockley receive the Nobel Prize for their invention of the transistor. Shockley, who had left Bell Labs founds Shockley Transistor Corporation. Engineers from Shockley Transistor will form their own major electronics firms.
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The term "software" becomes widely accepted throughout the computer industry.
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Schools begin to use computers for science simulation, math quizzes and educational games.
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Texas Instruments unveils the first solid-state hand-held calculator. It has no electronic display, but prints out answers on a strip of heat-sensitive paper.
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IBM announces the System/32, a desk-size unit that contains all the computer hardware.
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Atari founder, invents and markets Pong, considered by many the first milestone in video game history.
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The first Adventure game is programmed by Crowther and Wood at Princeton University.
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Video games appear everywhere: in restaurants, gas stations, bars. With threatening names like Centipede and Space Invaders, the quarter-gobbling dwarfs cause concern among parents.
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In a lean Christmas shopping season, computer video games (with TV hook-ups) are huge hits. The favorites are Intellivision and Atari.
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;D
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0.O
