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John Snow's Cholera Map
Major application of GIS analytics was John Snow to help find the source of a Cholera epidemic in London, England. -
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GIS & Paper Maps
GIS still reliant on paper maps. Routing and overlays being done with literally placing maps on top of each other and heavily dependent on the drawing ability of analysts. -
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School Museums
School Museums housed visuals like films, slides, and photos. Maps like those by John Snow could have been stored in these school museums. However, they would likely be stored in areas related to the map subject, like epidemiology, rather than geographic science. Educators would use these resources to enhance their lessons with visuals and audio. -
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Computer Assisted Instruction Early Development
Early instructional learning and training done with computers, mainly done by researchers at IBM. This would later be used to design computer assisted instruction (CAI) programs for public schools. -
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CAI in Schools
CAI programs have spread from public schools to universities. -
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Paper Maps to Digital Maps
Maps are beginning to be transferred to digital formats. Roger Tomlinson, who is considered the father of GIS, helped lead the development of computerized GIS. -
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Commercial GIS
GIS is becoming a more widely commercialized product. Prior to this GIS were often developed in house. -
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Microcomputers Developing
Microcomputer development have made CAI more practical and therefore more desired. These computers were being used in 40% of elementary schools and more than 75% of secondary schools in the US. -
The Rise of ESRI
Esri develops ARC/INFO for minicomputers, this company would become one of the largest suppliers of GIS software and instruction. -
The Internet Being Researched
Research into what would be considered the internet is started. -
Welcome to the Internet
Web 1.0 is introduced where the material available created by developers. Users can use static web pages for providing information. -
LMS Make eLearning Better
Learning Management Systems (LMSs) become a very useful resource in collecting and distributing eLearning material. -
Woman Coins Web 2.0
Web 2.0 term was first invented by Darcy DiNucci to describe the shift of developer created content on the internet to user created content. -
eLearing on the Rise
eLearning is seen as a much more cost effective method for distance education over more traditional methods. -
Men "Coin" Web 2.0 and Awarded Credit
Tim O’Reilly and Dale Dougherty “coined” the Web 2.0 term after Darcy DiNucci did but is widely credited for it.