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Major application of GIS analytics was John Snow to help find the source of a Cholera epidemic in London, England.
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GIS still reliant on paper maps. Routing and overlays being done with literally placing maps on top of each other and heavily dependent on the drawing ability of analysts.
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School Museums housed visuals like films, slides, and photos. Maps like those by John Snow could have been stored in these school museums. However, they would likely be stored in areas related to the map subject, like epidemiology, rather than geographic science. Educators would use these resources to enhance their lessons with visuals and audio.
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Early instructional learning and training done with computers, mainly done by researchers at IBM. This would later be used to design computer assisted instruction (CAI) programs for public schools.
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CAI programs have spread from public schools to universities.
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Maps are beginning to be transferred to digital formats. Roger Tomlinson, who is considered the father of GIS, helped lead the development of computerized GIS.
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GIS is becoming a more widely commercialized product. Prior to this GIS were often developed in house.
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Microcomputer development have made CAI more practical and therefore more desired. These computers were being used in 40% of elementary schools and more than 75% of secondary schools in the US.
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Esri develops ARC/INFO for minicomputers, this company would become one of the largest suppliers of GIS software and instruction.
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Research into what would be considered the internet is started.
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Web 1.0 is introduced where the material available created by developers. Users can use static web pages for providing information.
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Learning Management Systems (LMSs) become a very useful resource in collecting and distributing eLearning material.
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Web 2.0 term was first invented by Darcy DiNucci to describe the shift of developer created content on the internet to user created content.
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eLearning is seen as a much more cost effective method for distance education over more traditional methods.
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Tim O’Reilly and Dale Dougherty “coined” the Web 2.0 term after Darcy DiNucci did but is widely credited for it.