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Abraham Lincoln was Elected President
He was the first Republican president.
He won becuase it was a four-way race:
He reveived only 40% of the popular votes, but got the majority of electoral votes. -
Secession
South Carolina seceded from the Union.
Eventually, eleven states suceded:
South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Tevas, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina. -
The Confederacy
The Confederate States of America was fromed as an independent country.
Jefferson Davis, a West Point graduate the former U.S. Army officer, was president.
The Confederacy had elecen states with 5 million people (not counting 4 million who were slaves)
The Union had 21 states and 20 million people. -
Fort Sumter
The Confederates fire on a federal fort - Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina.
The Civil War began. -
For the 1st 3 years, the Confedertes were winning
The 1st Battle of Bull Run
Just 25 miles southwest of Washington, D.C.
The Confederate army won and the Union army retreated.
"Stonewall" Jackson was a hero. -
Slavery was Abolished in Washington, D.C
President Lincoln ended slavery in our nations's capital -
One Union Victory
Ulysses S. Grant captured Fort Henry and Fort Donelson in Tennessee.
The general earned the nickname "Unconditional Surrender" Grant. -
President Lincoln's son Willie died form a fever
he was 11 years old -
Battle of The Seven Days
Robert E. Lee attacked McClellan near Richmond. McClelland retreated toward Washington. -
Monitor vs the Merrimac
The Confederate ironclad (Merrimac) clashed with the Union ironclad (Monitor) in Chesapeake Bay.
It was a draw. -
The Peninsular Campaign
The Union Army (called the Army of the Potomac) was led by General McClellan. It moved down the Potomac River to the peninsula on the Chesapeake Bay. The idea was to capture Richmond - the capital of the Confederacy. Nothing ever came of this, so President Lincoln fired McClellan. -
The Battle of Shiloh
The Confederates made a surprise attack on General Ulysses S. Grant's unprepared troops in Tennessee. U.S. Grant fought back and won the day. -
The Mississippi River
David Farragut seized New Orleans, the South's greatest seaport. Farragut is famous for saying: "Damn the torpedoes, full speed ahead!" -
The Battle of Seven Pines
The Confederates stopped McClellan's troops in front of Richmond. -
Robert E. Lee
General Robert E. Lee assumed command of the Confederate army. He renamed it the "Army of Northern Virginia." -
The second Battle of Bull Run
The Confederate army, led by Stonewall Jackson and James Longstreet, defeated the Union Army. The Union Army retreated to Washington, D.C. -
Antietam - The Bloodiest day of the year
The Confederate Army, led by Robert E. Lee, fought McClellan's Union army. It was a draw - even though the North had twice as many soldiers! President Lincoln called it a Union victory - and then issued the Emancipation Proclamatiion. (He also fired General McClellan for not pursuing Robert E. Lee.) -
Battle of Fredeericksburg
The Confederate Army, under Robert E. Lee, crushed the Union army. -
The Emancipation Proclamation
Part 1 - President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation:
"That on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any State, or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward and forever free . . ." -
The Emancipation Proclamation: part 2
Part 2
1. It freed slaves in rebel staates, not in the Border States.
2. He asked black soldiers to enloist in the Union Army.
3. It changed the nature of the war! From a war to preserve the Union ... to a war to end slavery.
4. Slavery was not officially abolished everywhere until the 13th Amendment. -
The Draft
Congress drafted all males 20 to 45. A rich man could get out of the draft - if he paid $300 or provided a substitute man. -
Battle of Chancellorsville
The Confederate army, led by Robert E. Lee, defeated the much bigger Union army. Stonewall Jackson, Lee's right-hand man, died there. -
Battle at Vicksburg
Part 1
General U.S. Grant and the Union army laid deize to Vicksburg. Vicksburg was the last Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River. -
Battle at Vicksburg
Part 2
The significance:
1. The Union now controlled the Mississippi River.
2. The Confederacy was split in two.
Robert E. Lee in Virginia was cut off from his allies in the West.
3. This was the Union strategy known as the Anaconda plan. (Cut up the South as if it were a snake.) -
The Fifty-Fourth Massachusetts
The all-black unit of the Union Army charged Fort Wagner in Charletston, South Carolina. (Denzel Washington starred in Glory, a film made about this battle.)
Sergeant William H. Carney was the first African-American to receive the Congressional Medal of Honor. -
Draft riots in New York City
Irish immigrants did not want to fight in the Civil War. The riots lasted 4 days, during which hundreds of African-Americans were killed or wounded. -
Battle at Gettysburg
This was the turning-point of the war. In July, the Union army defeated Robert E. Lee for the first time every. Before Gettysburg, the Confederate army was winning. After Gettysburg, the Union Army was winning. -
Battle of Chickamauga
The Union army was trapped in Chattanooga, Tennessee.
In November, General U.S. Grant and his army routed the Confederates. -
The Gettysburg Address
In November, President Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address: "Four score and seven years ago ..." How we set up a democracy in 1776. "Government of the people, by the people, for the people ..." The best definition of democracy ever! He was there to turn the battlefield into a national cemetery. -
President Lincoln appointed
President Lincoln appointed General U.S. Grant to command the Union army. -
U.S. Grant's Offensive
General U.S. Grant began an offensive on Richmond, capital of the Confederacy. Robert E. Lee had to defend Richmond - it had the Confederate army's only weapons factory. The two armies fought the battles of the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, and Cold Harbor. -
The Siege of Petersburg
Grants swung south of Richmond. He captured Petersburg and cut off the Confederate rail lines. As a result, a nine month siege of Petersburg begins with Grant's forces surrounding Lee. -
Burning Atlanta
The Union army, led by William Tecumseh Sherman, marched from Tennessee into Georgia. They burned Atlanta, which was a major railroad center for the South. Fron then on, the Confederates could not send soldiers or food to help Robert E. Lee in Virginia. -
Sherman's "March to the Sea"
After destroying Atlanta the Union Army marched through Georgia to the Atlantic coast. Led by William Tecumseh Sherman, the 60,000 Union soldiers cut a fiery swath through Georgia. Sherman believed in a policy of "scorched earth". so they burned farms and fields. The purpose was to hurt the morale of Confederate soldiers fighting with Robert E. Lee in Virginia. By Christmas, Sherman reached Savannah, Georgia. He left behind a 300-mile path of destruction. -
The Shenandoah Valley
The Union army burned the Shenandoah Valley in Virginia so that farmers there could not send food to Robert E. Lee. -
President Abraham Lincoln Re-elected
President Abraham Lincoln was re-elected. -
The Thirteenth Amendment
Slavery was outlawed. -
The Freedmen's Bureau
Congress established this federal agency to provide health care, education, and technical assistance to the emancipated slaves. -
President Lincoln's second Inaugural Address
President Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address: "With malace toward none." It was clear that the Union was going to win the war. When peace came, Lincoln said,d the North would not seek revenge on the South. Instead, the federal government would "act with malace toward none." -
The Fall of Petersburg
After months of siege, General U.S. Grant took Petersburg. -
The Fall of Richmond
In Richmond, the Confederate army ran out of food and ammunition. The people abandoned the city. General U.S. Grant took Richmond, the capital of the Confederacy. Robert E. Lee retreated to the west. -
Appomattox Courthouse
Gen. Robert E. Lee surrendered his Confederate Army to Gen. Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court Howse in Virginia.
U.S Grant was gracious in Victory.
Both man asked the Confedrate troops to go home.
The war was over. :D :D :D -
The Human Cost
600,000 soldiers died in the war.
With civilians, it is estimated that 1.5 peiple died during the war. -
The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated.
Vice Presidnet Andrew Johnson, a Tennessee Democrat, succeeded him as president.
