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Civil Rights Movement, Cold War, and Vietnam War
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Timeline
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Battle of Dien Bien Phu
The French lost to the Vietminh during this battle. This means that the United States should take action to prevent the spread of Communism. -
Brown v. Board of Ed Decision
Segregation was ended in public schools, due to the finding that separate schools were inherently unequal and therefore were illegal. This decision changed the way public schooling was handled in America. -
Geneva Accords
This accord set up the temporary boundary of Vietnam at the 17th parallel. This meant that the U.S. could try and help the Noncommunist win the elections in 1956. -
Emmett Till Murdered
A fourteen year old black boy named Emmett Till was murdered in August of 1955 for allegedly flirting with a married white woman. This specific lynching was made famous for a few reasons, those being that he was from up north. Also, his mother allowed for an open casket funeral, and his case received national attention. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott Begins
A middle-aged black woman by the name of Rosa Parks refused to give uo her seat on a public bus for a white man. She was arrested for her disobedience of the law, and thus began the Montgomery Bus Boycott. -
Montgomery Bus System Desegregates
After over a year, the Montgomery Bus system officially desegregates. Due to significant losses from lack of black passengers, the bus system was financially forced to desegregate. -
Little Rock Central High School Integration
After the Brown v. Board of Ed decision, President Eisenhower insisted on the integration of Little Rock Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. Governor Faubus, however wouldn't allow the nine black students to attend the school, and the national guard was called in. Eisenhower responded by sending in the 101st Airborne. -
Vietcong is formed
This was the group that was the main attackers during the Vietnam war. They were a Communist group therefore the war needed to be faught for containment reasons. -
James Meridith Enrolls and University of Mississippi
As a result of the integration laws, James Meridith becomes the first black student to enroll at a formerly all-white college in Mississippi, University of Mississippi. -
Buddhist Monk Self-Immolate
This event was brought back to the people at home through Media stations and it made the public question our involvment in Vietnam, -
NAACP Leader Murdered
The head of Mississippi NAACP was murdered outside his home by the Ku Klux Klan. -
MLK delivers "I Have a Dream"
20,000 blacks and whites gather at the Lincoln Memorial to listen to speeches against racism: Among them is Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech. -
Diem is murdered, along with brother
This is imporant because it was the fall of the Diem reign of South Vietnam meaning the United States had to find a "puppet leader" to take his place in South Vietnam. -
24th Amendment Passed
The 24th Amendment is passed, eliminating the poll tax on voters. This enables more and more blacks to vote, as many didn't due to the financial hardships involved. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964 Passed
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed under the Johnson administration. This prohibited the racial discrimination in any capacity. -
Tonkin Gulf Resolution ***
This resolution was important because it gave Johnson the ok to send troops to Vietnam without Congress approval. -
Operation Rolling Thunder
This is the operation in which the major bombing of North Korea started. -
March for black voter registration
In 1965, Martin Luther King Jr. led a 54 mile march to promote black voter registration. They marched from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama. -
Troops sent to Vietnam
This is the time where many of the troops were deployed to Vietnam. It was important because this was a point in which the divided nation came out in terms of involvement with the war. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965 is approved
Encouraged by Martin Luther King Jr.'s 54 mile march to Montgomery, a Voter's Rights act is passed. In addition to the 24th amendment outlawing poll tax, this made it even easier for blacks to vote. -
Tet Offensive ***
A turning point of the VIetnam War in which the Vietcong set a series of suprise attacks that caught the U.S. offguard. It started on the Lunar New Year. It took weeks for South Vietnam and U.S. Forces to regain all the cities taken by the Vietcong and is considered a turning point in the Vietnam War. -
My Lai Massacre ***
The My Lai Massacre was when the United States Army murdered around 500 unarmed civilians in South Vietnam. It was important because while the US Army had done missions like the massacre before in war, this was one of the first that the media was able to send pictures back to the States and shock many US citizens. -
Martin Luther King Jr. Assassinated
While outside his home, Martin Luther King Jr. is shot and killed by James Earl Ray. In response, violent riots broke out in 125 cities. MLK's death changed the civil rights movement. -
Civil Rights Act of 1968 Passed
The Civil Rights Act of 1968 is passed by the Johnson administration on April 11, 1968. -
Ho Chi Minh Passed Away ***
Ho Chi Minh was the President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. This left the People's Army of Vietnam without their strong leader making war a bit more complicated for them. -
Nixon announces attacks on Cambodia ***
When Nixon finally released news that the U.S. military had been performing attacks on Cambodia, a country next to Vietnam. This is important because it is helping to prevent the domino theory from happening and keeping containment a main focus. -
Pentagon Papers Released to Public ***
In June of 1971, the documents about the Vietnam War become known to the general public which helped create a bigger credibility gap because the papers showed that President Johnson was drawing plans to send troops to Vietnam after promising he wouldn't. -
Bombing of Hanoi Resumes ***
After a 4 year time period of no bombings in Hanoi, the US started again in response to North Vietnamese actions. -
War Powers Act ***
In November of 1973, Congress passed this act so that the president has to inform Congress within 48 hours of sending forces to a hostile area without a declaration of war. -
Civil Rights Restoration Act Passed by Congress
The Civil Rights Restoration Act is passed by Congress on March 22, 1988.
