The Baroque (1600-1730s)

  • 1551

    Caccini (1551-1618)

    Caccini (1551-1618)
    One of the founders of opera; gave a description of the new singing style in his book of "songs" of 1602 "Le nuove musiche"; Italian composer, singer, teacher and instrumentalist.
  • 1557

    Gabrieli (ca. 1557-1612)

    Gabrieli (ca. 1557-1612)
    Italian composer and organist; noted for his use of instruments in his sacred music; nephew of Andrea.
  • 1561

    Peri (1561-1633)

    Peri (1561-1633)
    One of the founders of opera; claimed to be the first in 1597 with his Dafne; significant contribution to monody and the recitative style.
  • 1567

    Monteverdi (1567-1643)

    Monteverdi (1567-1643)
    The most important composer of the early Baroque; one of the inventors of the new seconda pratica
  • Frescobaldi (1583-1643)

    First modern keyboard virtuoso & composer; he was the most influential keyboard composer of the early Baroque; first European composer tp focus on instrumental music
  • Gibbons (1583-1625)

    Gibbons (1583-1625)
    English; composer of the Anglican Church anthems; keyboardist; a leading composer in 17tth-century England
  • Schutz 1585-1672

    Schutz 1585-1672
    Most important German composer of the Middle Baroque; studied in Venice; reportedly composed the first German opera , which we lost.
  • Francesca Caccini(1587-1641)

    Francesca Caccini(1587-1641)
    Daughter of Julio; the first composer to have an Italian opera staged outside of Italy; virtuoso singer and teacher
  • Euridice

    First extant opera, by Caccini and Peri (the inventors of opera)
  • Period: to

    Early Baroque

  • Period: to

    Early Baroque Style

    -Caccini's Publication of 1601
    -Monody: secunda prattica
    -Basso continuo part
  • Period: to

    Forms

    Concertos: ritornello form; small group vs a larger group
    Baroque Sonatas: usually used binary forms
  • Carissimi (1605-74)

    Carissimi (1605-74)
    A leading composer of Roman cantatas and oratorios; teachers of Charpentier.
  • Telescope

    Telescope
    The first telescopes were created in the Netherlands.
  • Period: to

    The Thirty Year's War

    A series of wars fought by European nations for various reasons, ignited in 1618 over an attempt by the king of Bohemia to impose Catholicism throughout his domains.
  • Strozzi (1619-77)

    Strozzi (1619-77)
    Virtuoso singer and most prolific composer of cantatas in the 17th century; adopted daughter of poet, Guilio Strozzi
  • Legrenzi (1626-90)

    Legrenzi (1626-90)
    Italian composer and organist; influenced in the middle Baroque; used many (up to 90) short arias in his operas
  • Lully (1632-87)

    Lully (1632-87)
    Establisher of French opera and ballet; dancer and violinist; Italian by birth, but claimed by France.
    -16 operas, 30 ballets, motets, instrumental works
  • Opera House

    The first public opera house: Venice
  • The Coronation of Poppea

    Composed by Monteverdi when he was 75; his final opera; premiered in Venice.
  • Bieber (1644-1794)

    Bieber (1644-1794)
    Bohemian -Austrian composer and violinist; one of the most important composers for violin.
    -catholic sacred music, violin sonatas and ensemble music
  • Blow (1648,49-1708)

    Blow (1648,49-1708)
    English composer of odes; teacher of Purcell; organist
    -Instrumental anthems, sacred words, over 100 songs, duets and trios
  • L'astratto (The Distracted One)

    A cantata by Strozzi; In Italian: basso continuo accompaniment (theorbo, and harpsichord)
  • Period: to

    Middle Baroque

  • Period: to

    Mid-baroque cantatas (1650s)

    Usually secular; In Italian: composed for 1 or 2 singers with basso continuo and possibly a small string ensemble; texts often about love.
  • Pachelbel (1653-1706)

    Pachelbel (1653-1706)
    German composer and organist; a leading composer of his time
    -liturgical organ music, protestant church music, 2 masses, other keyboard works.
  • Corelli (1653-1713)

    Corelli (1653-1713)
    Most important Italian composer of sonatas and concertos; also the most influential violinist of the Baroque.
    -Master of Trio Sonota
  • Torelli (1658-1709)

    Torelli (1658-1709)
    Contributed the most to the development of the concerto around 1700; wrote for trumpet and strings; virtuoso violinist
  • Purcell (1659-95)

    Purcell (1659-95)
    Most important English composer in the 17th century.
    -Works included: songs, anthems, sacred music, 6 stage works, keyboard works.
  • Scarlatti (1660-1725)

    Scarlatti (1660-1725)
    Important Italian composer; teacher in Naples; his death ends Baroque opera; teacher of many galant composers to come
  • Couperin (1668-1733)

    Couperin (1668-1733)
    French composer, keyboardist; one of the most important French composers
    -sacred and secular vocal works, 27 sets of keyboard works
  • Biber: Sonata No.1

    Praeludium for violin and basso continuo; violin part uses a virtuostic style similar to vocal singing.
  • Vivaldi (1678-1741)

    Vivaldi (1678-1741)
    Italian composer; he laid the foundations for late baroque instrumental music; teacher; pioneer of orchestral music; but, virtually forgotten by his contemporaries at his death
  • Telemann (1681-1767)

    Telemann (1681-1767)
    The most prolific German composer of his day; more popular than J.S Bach during the Baroque; contributed significantly to concert life in Germany
  • Rameau (1683-1764)

    Rameau (1683-1764)
    French composer and theorist; known first as a theorist
    -30+ dramatic works, cantatas, arias, keyboard works, etc.
  • Handel (1685-1759)

    Handel (1685-1759)
    German musician; lived in England, inventor of the English oratorio; Beethoven respected him above all others
  • Bach (1685-1750)

    Bach (1685-1750)
    Considered the Baroque master; wrote NO operas; master of counterpoint; he became an icon for future generations and is still one of the most revered composers today
    -205+ cantatas (mostly Lutheran), masses, motets, suites, etc.
  • Dido & Aeneas

    An opera in a prologue and three acts, written by composer Henry Purcell.
  • Period: to

    The Salem Witch Trials

    A series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts.
  • Vinci (ca. 1696-1730)

    Vinci (ca. 1696-1730)
    Galant Italian composer; leader (for a time) of the new style of Italian opera
  • Quantz (1697-1773)

    Quantz (1697-1773)
    German composer; flutist and flute teacher for Fredrick the Great in Berlin
  • Steam Engine

    Steam Engine
    Tomas Savery is credited, an engineer is credited with inventing a patented machine that could effectively draw water from flooded mines using steam pressure.
  • 17th Century Genres

    -Opera
    -Cantatas
    -Oratorio
    -Arias not attached to a larger genre
    -All influenced by the idea of recitative aria found in the new Baroque operas.
  • Period: to

    Late Baroque

  • Handel's Water Music

    Performed for a royal party on the Thames River in London; 22 movements.
  • The Art of Fugue, BWV 1080, "Contrapunctus 1"

    Published in 1751; A visual representation of the imitative polyphony