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Oliver Brown contacted the NAACP which had gathered 12 other parents to come together to desegregate the city's schools. First, they tried to enroll their children in white schools but were denied. The NAACP sued the Topeka school district in court, the court found "no willful discrimination." The NAACP appealed the case and that went to Supreme Court. The Browns case stayed in the Supreme court for over a year and a half, Browns decision dismantled the legal basis for segregation in schools.
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Boycott was born after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat in a bus. African Americans would stop riding the bus and would get rides from friends. Boycott continued for 381 days.
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9 African Americans enrolled in an all-white school. They tried and failed several times. President Dwight D. Eisenhower then took action against the defiant governor
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Four men entered a Woolworth merchandise store that had dining in. They had brought small items and the reports that showed proof of purchase before they sat down. Blacks were regulated to a standing snack bar as the lunch counter was "whites only". The waitstaff refused to serve them and they contacted the police when the police arrived they said they could do nothing since they were paying customers. February 3-4 they had come back with 20 other black people and done the same thing.
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Their goal was to end discrimination economic policies in Alabam cities against African Americans. They would boycott businesses that only hired whites. Police used dogs and high pressured water hoses against protesters.
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This was the largest political rally for human rights in the U.S. There was an estimate of 200,000-300,000 people there. They protested for African Americans to have jobs and freedom. King delivered his speech on the Lincon memorial.
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They wanted to increase the number of black voters. The movement helped President Lyndon B. Johnson and Congress to pass the Civil rights act.
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There were violent beatings on protestors from the state troopers. The protesters were trying the march peacefully from Selma to Ala.
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Founded by Huey Newton and Bobby Seal. They challenge police brutality against the African American community. They would dress in black berets and black leather jackets. the Black Panthers organized armed citizen patrols.
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Riots broke out in black neighborhoods of Watts Los Angeles. The rebellion lasted 6 days. This resulted in 34 deaths, 1032 injuries, and 4,000 arrests, involving 34,000 people and destruction of 1,000 buildings. The total damage cost 40million.
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Kerner Commission releases its report, saying racism is the primary cause of the recent surge of riots.
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There were marches and protest for Martins's assassination.
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Vivian Strong was killed by police in Omaha, Nebraska. The officer that was involved(James Londer) was released on a bond of 500$. Riots continued after the release.
