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GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHOD
Representatives:
J. Seidenstücker, K. Plötz, H. S. Ollendor and J. Meidinger.
Postulates: Detailed analysis of grammar rules and their exceptions
Learning the rules of normative grammar.
Memorization of vocabulary lists.
Direct and reverse translation of sentences. -
DIRECT METHOD
Representantes: L. Sauveur y M. Berlitz
Postulates: the language is learned through objects, reprecentages of images inductively.
The most developed language skill is speaking.
There must be a student-student interaction.
Student: Role a little more active, because it is inductive of grammar
Teacher: The teacher is the protagonist of the class and an essential factor, he is responsible for organizing and developing the class -
AUDIO LINGUAL METHOD
Representatives: Leonard Bloomfield
Period: 1942, early 1943
Postulate: It was the first method for teaching languages that was based on a theory of the nature of language
Assumes language as something linked to culture
This method is compatible with the different kinesthetic learning
Student: Responds to stimuli. does not participate in making decisions about their learning.
Teacher: His role is central and active, modeling the language, correcting and controlling the learning. -
TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE METHOD
Representante: James Asher
Postulate:
-Teaching of oral competence.
-It aims to get the student to be able to communicate in an uninhibited and intelligible way for a native speaker.
-Commands to which the student responds physically.
Student: The student plays the role of listening and acting, recognizing and responding.
Teacher: Plays an active and direct role, it is the teacher who presents the model and the new materials and who selects the support materials for the class -
COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH
Representatives: Dells Hymes, Michael Halliday, Canale and Swain.
Postulados:
Teoría del lenguaje: La lengua es un sistema empleado por los seres humanos para comunicarse entre si.
El objetivo de la enseñanza de una lengua: desarrollar una competencia comunicativa, Hymes(1992), propuesta social, institucional y contextual, fue enriquecida y fundamentada por Halliday.
Teoría del aprendizaje:
(autoaprendizaje, aprendizaje responsable).
Period: It emerged in Europe in the early 1970s -
SUGESTOPEDIA
Representante: Georgi Kirilov Lozanov
Postulate:
-Active barriers on an unconscious or subconscious level
-The key is in creating a pleasant, relaxed and stimulating environment.
-Everything that surrounds the student should cause positive emotions and feelings in him.
-Suggesttopedia is related to yoga and Soviet psychology
-The objective is an advanced conversation competence in a short time
-Learning is based on the student's mastery of bilingual vocabulary lists -
TASK BASED LEARNING APPROACH
Representative: Javier Zanón
Postulates:
-Encourage learning through the actual use of the language and not only through the manipulation of teaching units.
- The basis consists of teaching the resources necessary for communication and putting them into practice in different communicative situations.
Student's role: they have to participate in a group, listen and reflect on the characteristics of the task.
Teacher role: task selector and sequencer, prepares students to carry out tasks.
