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We called Gregorian Chant in honor of Pope Gregory the Great
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Syllabic, one note per syllable. Neumatic, a small group of notes each syllable. Melismatic, a lot of notes per syllable.
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TYPES:
-Chordophones
- aeroophones
-membranophones
-diophones -
*Know composer
*Monophonic texture, with instrumental accompanimet
*Composed with modal scales and rhythmic modes.
*Composed to entertain, about secular or religiouss topics and in the vernacular
*Performed by misntrels in public spaces and in palaces. -
A second voice was added to plainsong and polyphone was born
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He was a teacher in the cathedral school in Arezzo. Guido gaves the name "Ut" to the note that we now call Do
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Hildegard of Bingen, was a German Benedictine abbess, writer, composer, philosopher, Christian mystic, visionary, and polymath. She is considered to be the founder of scientific natural history in Germany.
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s a famous collection of this type of composition and the manuscriptdates.
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The goliards were a group of clergy, generally young, in Europe who wrote satirical Latin poetry in the the Middle Ages.
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The Cantigas de Santa Maria medieval-era manuscripts were written during the reign of Alfonso X and are one of the largest collections of monophonic songs from the middle ages.https://www.kazu-classicalguitar.co.uk/media/cantiga-de-santa-maria-118
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This new form of musical expression became more and more complex and reached its maximum level
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It was composed for several parts
They used medieval modal scales
It had a defined and regular rhythm -
Cristóbal Colon discovered Amarica in 1492
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Basso continuo, also called continuo, thoroughbass, or figured bass, in music, a system of partially improvised accompaniment played on a bass line, usually on a keyboard instrument.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OObAfpmUods&vl=es -
Baroque orchestra instruments usually included: strings - violins, violas, cellos and double basses. woodwind - recorders or wooden flutes, oboes and bassoon. brass - sometimes trumpets and/or horns
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Fugue: https://youtu.be/vAFETgpt9PA
Suite: https://youtu.be/sha4KaXdl7s
Sonata: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t9ETY25xQAI
Concerto:https://youtu.be/gONdX-NjotE -
The pasta forma were still in use,they added polychoralism and started to make the music more dramatic.
Cantata:https://youtu.be/f4ZU4PlXqu4
Oratorio:https://youtu.be/CT2QvpWxPVs
Passion:https://www.britannica.com/art/Passion-music -
-It aimed to arouse emotions and make musical performances spectacular
-It used contrasting elements and overelaborate melodies
-It was based on diatonic scales we know
-It has an insistent,mechanical rhythm,with strongs,repeated beats
-The predominant texture was melody-dominated homophony -
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Sonata:performed by one or two soloists
Trio,quartet,quintet:composed for different chamber ensembles
Symphony:performed by orchestra
Concerto:performed by a soloist and the orchestra -
It incorporated the clarinet, French horn and the piano,and the number of instruments in the bowed strings section increased.
They added an orchestra conductor and larger concert halls were built to suit the new orchestra ensembles https://youtu.be/rOjHhS5MtvA -
-Juan Crisóstomo de Arriaga stands out for his early talent,which got him the nickname 'the Spanish Mozart'
-Fernando Sor,was well known for his works for guitar -
Opera seria: https://youtu.be/Ba9K_T5ivTQ
Opera buffa:https://youtu.be/aiNDcJ7x30w
Religious vocal music:https://youtu.be/sPlhKP0nZII -
Woodwind instruments:the clarinet has a single-reed mouthpiece and keys,it appeared in the 18th century and its predecessor was the chalumeau. Brass instruments: the French horn has a conical mouthpiece and a long tube curled in a circular shape Struck string instruments: the piano was invented in 1700 by Bartolomeo Cristofori of Italy.When its keys are pressed,small hammers strike the strings, making a sound.
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Instruments of the 20th-century
Electrophones
-Theremin, is a monophonic instrument
-Ondes Martenot, is a monophonic instrument
-Synthesiser, is a polyphonic instrument
-Sampler, is a polyphonic instrument
Idiophones
-Vibraphone, is a pitched idiophone -
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