-
476
start of the middle ages
happened when the Western Roman Empire fell -
Period: 600 to 800
Gregorian chant
Roman Catholic Church compiled its liturgical plainsongs
characteristics:
monophonic texture
uses modal scales + its in free time
text =latin +religious theme
performed by male voices
1st symbols=neumes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kK5AohCMX0U -
800
Liturgical polyphony
second voice was added to plainsong (polyphony)
Its forms were:
Organum
Discantus
Conductus -
800
Secular monophony
generally passed on orally.Main characteristics:
monophonic texture + instrumental accompaniment
modal scales + rhythmic modes
for fun
written in local language
played by minstrels -
1000
Guido d´Arezzo
he imroved the way of writing music on sheets -
Period: 1100 to 1200
Carmina Burana
songs of minstrels were written in songbooks
most common :
Cantigas de Santa María
Cantigas de amigo
Llibre Vermell de Montserrat -
Period: 1100 to 1200
King Alfonso X the wise
during his reign one of the most common songbooks ,Cantigas de Santa María appeared -
1200
Mensural notation
-
1200
Goliards
clerics or mendicant students
wrote poetry in latin -
Period: 1400 to 1500
The Renaissance
influential cultural movement
beliefe that humans were the centre of everything -
Period: 1400 to 1500
Imitative counterpoint
renaissance texture
polyphonic texture
similar melodic lines that startcone after the other
simplest type:canon -
Period: 1400 to 1500
homorhythmic homophony
melodic lines played simultaneously
all parts perform the same lyrics ,identical rhythm and related harmonically -
Period: 1400 to 1500
melody dominated homophony
it has a main melodic line and then there are harmonic accompaniments -
1453
end of the middle ages
lasted until the fall of the Byzantine Empire -
1453
Start of modern period
with the fall of the Byzantine empire -
Period: 1453 to
Vocal Music
religous vocal music
motet:it became more important ,it already existed in the middle ages
mass:long composition formed by liturgical texts
chorale:most common musical form in the protestant liturgy
secular vocal music
madrigal:dominant form
in England -songs
in France-chansons
in Spain
Romances,Villancico and Ensalada -
Period: 1453 to
instrumental music
forms
compositions based on vocal music:instrumentalists accompanied vocal music
compositiions with an improvisational feel:composers wrote down brief improvised pieces
variations:short musical theme -
Period: 1483 to 1546
Martin Luther
German theologian and monk
started the protestant reformation -
1492
discovery of America
-
Period: 1563 to
John Dowland
english composer and lutenist -
Appearance of opera
With this the baroque period started -
Period: to
Baroque period
-
Period: to
Bass continuo
Both instrumental and vocal music was composed with the texture of meloso dominated homophony
A higher instrument accompanied by a base called basso -
Period: to
Instrumental music
It became more important thanks to technical developments ni instrumentos
First vistuosos appeared
The baroque period also saw the birth of the orchestra -
Death of Johann Sebastian Bach
-
Death of Johann Sebastian Bach
Was the most famous musician
Great organist,harphsicordist and conductor
Wasnt very famous when he was alive -
-
-
-
Meyerbeer
Meyerbeer ( 1791 –1864) was a German opera composer of Jewish birth who has been described as perhaps the most successful stage composer of the nineteenth century. ... They set a standard which helped to maintain Paris as the opera capital of the nineteenth century. -
Gioachino rossini
Gioachino Rossin was born in Italy on 1792. His father, Giuseppe was a famous trumpeter of the town and also worked as an inspector of slaughterhouses .. Rossini started to play triangle in his father's bandat a young age of six and he represented the transition between classical and romantic opera -
music in the romantic period
main characteristics :
Freedom of form and design. ...
Song-like melodies (lyrical), as well as many chromatic harmonies and discords.
Dramatic contrasts of dynamics and pitch.
Big orchestras, due mainly to brass
and the invention of the valve.
etc -
Period: to
The romantic period
-
instrumental music romantic period
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bSR4vkskCyk
example of instrumental music including the woodwind ,brass and percussion families -
compositions for piano in the romantic period
short pieces
chamber music
longer works -
Frédéric Chopin
He published his first composition at age 7 and began performing one year later. In 1832, he moved to Paris, socialized with high society and was known as an excellent piano teacher and was one of the best compositors
