Policies/Laws that Influence Bilingual Issues in NM and US

By kacibratzel

  • English Immersion Policy

    "Sink or Swim" policies are the instruction that is given to the language minority students. Students often stayed in the same grade level until they learned and mastered enough English to move onto the next grade level in certain subject areas in the US (Colorado, 2015).

  • Two-Way Bilingual Program

    There were Cuban Refugee children in Dade County, Florida, that inspired this type of program or similar programs in other places in the US (Colorado, 2015).

  • Civil Rights Act: Title VII

    This act prohibits discrimination based on race, color, or national origin in the operation of all federally assisted programs in the US (Colorado, 2015).

  • Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages

    https://www.colorincolorado.org/article/chronology-federal-law-and-policy-impacting-language-minority-students in the US (Colorado, 2015).

  • The Bilingual Education Act, Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Educational Act

    This act is a federal policy for bilingual education for economically disadvantaged language minority students. This created funds for innovative programs and recognizes the unique educational disadvantages faced by non-English speaking students in the US (Colorado, 2015).

  • Bilingual Multicultural Education Act

    This act provides funds to local districts in NM to implement bilingual, multicultural instructional programs. The main reason why this act came into place was to help make sure that there are equal educational opportunities for qualifying students that are strictly in NM (School Messenger Presence, 2021).

  • Added Amendments to Title VII

    The amendments added were strictly transitional nature of native-language instruction, expanded eligibility to students who are in the Limited English proficient, and they have permitted enrolment of English-speaking students in bilingual programs in the US (Colorado, 2015).

  • Added Amendments to Title VII

    The amendments that were added allows some of the native language maintenance, provide program funding for the LEP students, and permit enrollment of English-speaking students in bilingual programs (Colorado, 2015).

  • Added Amendments to Title VII

    The Amendments that were added have increased funding to state education agencies, expanded funding for "special alternative" programs where the only language that was used was English, this also helped create a three-year limit on participation in most Title VII, and this created fellowship programs for the professional training for employees in schools (Colorado, 2015).

  • Comprehensive Education Reforms and Entails Reconfiguration of Title VII Programs

    This helped create new provisions that reinforce professional development programs, increase attention to language maintenance and foreign language instruction, improved research and evaluation at state and local levels, supply additional funds for immigrant education, and allow participation of some private students in the US (Colorado, 2015).

  • No Child Left Behind

    This created funds for states to improve the education of LEP students by assisting children to learn English and to meet the challenging criteria that are the state academic content and achievement standards in the US (Colorado, 2015).

  • Bilingual Multicultural Education Act Has Been Expanded

    This act was expanded to help create more opportunities for bilingual students strictly in NM (School Messenger Presence, 2021).