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Jean-Marc-Gaspard Itard - Early advocate for "insane" people, worked with "the wild boy of Aveyron". Seguin - Physician and educator working with with "intellectual disabilities". Pinel - Itard's mentor who was an early advocate for humane treatment of "insane" people. Howe - physician, educator, advocate for social reform - founded residential school for the blind and deaf. Gallaudet - minister, opened first residential school for the deaf. -
Founded by Ferrell
Special education made a profession. -
Parent organizations that focus on the issues of children with disabilities, providing information, support and structure. -
Courts rule separate but equal unconstitutional, providing important precedent for integrated education for special education students. -
Created Title I, distributing federal funding to schools with a high percentage of low income students. -
Eunice Kennedy Shriver, worldwide advocate for rights of disabled, creates first Special Olympics. -
Mandated that all children with disabilities receive a free public education. -
Courts held that appropriate education does not necessarily mean education that will produce the maximum possible achievement. -
Update to The Education for All Handicapped Children Act, ensuring the rights of all children to a free, appropriate, public education. -
Created to guarantee the rights of disabled to receive fair treatment in all aspects of life (guarantees civil rights). The law was amended in 1997. -
Attempt to hold schools accountable. Schools lose federal Title 1 money if students did not pass standardized testing, including children with disabilities. -
Shifted responsibility for standardized testing from the Federal leval to the State level.