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It is hypothesized that Eurasians had migrated through the Bering Strait following food since they were nomadic people. Thus leading them throughout the Americas, establishing tribes throughout the plains and islands.
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Those who inhabited the Islands of the Bahamas before Spanish explorers had made landfall were the Lucayan Natives. They had branched off during Southbound migration and inhabited the islands, establishing tribes primarily in modern day San Salvador.
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Christopher Columbus lobbied his idea for finding trade routes out west to reach the indies. Three countries of England, France and Portugal all said no, for they had said his calculations were wrong and it would take longer than expected.
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It wasn't until 1492 where Isabella of Castille and Ferdinand of Aragon had given Columbus the green light to fund his expedition out westward after the Muslim stronghold in Granada was captured.
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Columbus had landed on current day Bahamas after sailing across the Atlantic. They were greeted by the Lucayan natives that lived on those lands, admired and curious, some continued westward to more find natives who were wealthier and more powerful. Columbus had taken notes of the land, and with him came some slaves back to Spain to show what he has found on his voyage. The beginning of enslavement of Natives of these "new found lands"
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Columbus had gotten an 'OK' from the Queen and King of Spain for a second voyage in September 1493. This was more logistic based, with the purpose of colonization of the region, bringing 17 ships with 1200 men along with cattle. He had taken back to Spain with him, 1600 slaves, though it was refused by the crown, in February when he had became ill. (http://www.christopher-columbus.eu/voyage-2.htm)
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Hernan Cortes was set to travel along side Diego Velazquez to Mexico, Velazquez cancelled but Cortes did not care and left to Mexico in 1519 with 500 men and 11 ships. Having his sights on overthrowing Montezuma ll at Tenochitilan.
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While Cortes was going through Mexico, marching to Aztec, he was carrying with him diseases that they were not open too. The natives were not only killed at the hands of the Spanish, but primarily due to the disease that followed, Smallpox having the largest of effects of the Aztec Empire and their fall.
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Hernan Cortes had captured intelligence from surrounding tribes that were against the Aztecs in constant war. He had appeared at the door of the Aztecs in November. After many conflicts against other Spaniard leaders, Cortes had fled Aztec Empire to regroup with allies in July of 1520. He had came back to take over the Aztec Empire in December, and by August, the Empire had fallen.
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Francisco Pizarro had embarked on an adventure alongside Diego de Almargo and Hernando de Luque, which was travel alongside the west coast of South America. He had gone to Spain in search of sponsorship from Charles V since the Governor of Panama did not approve. Pizarro was sent back with 180 men, 37 horses and later, two ships. They encountered 30,000 waiting Incas who inhabited the lands.
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Both Atahuallpa and Pizarro organized to speak in the city. Pizarro had sent Valverde to speak with Incas of accepting Christianity and Charles V as their master. Atahuallpa had disputed both, and had thrown the bible to the ground, ordering Pizarro to force violence against the Incas. Atahuallpa was strangled to death on August 29, 1533.
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Pizarro had fled back to Peru, and was being watched by Almagro's son and a small group. They had attacked Pizarro in June 26, 1541, that day Pizarro had died in a pool of his own blood.
