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The USA sent fruit flies into space to test the effects of radiation at high altitudes
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Sputnik one was successfully launched by the USSR, shocking the USA.
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Sputnik Two was launched successfully by the USSR with a dog. the dog died on its fourth orbit, however.
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Explorer one was launched by the USA, started the cold war and the space race between the USA and the USSR,
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The creation of NASA was so there would be a place responsible of overseeing the USA's space activities.
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Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin became the first man in space on the Vostok 1.
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Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin orbited the Earth once during his time in space
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Alan Shepard was the first American in space with his Freedom 7 capsule.
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John Glenn was the first man from the USA that orbited Earth on Friendship 7
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JFK officially stated in his speech that they will get a man to the moon and get him back to earth alive.
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Alexei Leonov successfully performed an EVA outside the Voskhod 2 spacecraft.
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In Gemini 3, Grissom and Young orbited the earth 3 times, tested out a new rocket, and made it out alive
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Ed White became the first American astronaut to perform an EVA in space on Gemini IV
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Gemini 6 and 7, mained by Schirra, Stafford, Borman, and Lovell rendevoused with each other successfully in the middle of space. Gemini 7 also survived two weeks in space.
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Aldrin and Lovell successfully performed an EVA with Gemini 12
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A flash fire broke out during a simulated launch, killing Gus Grissom, Edward White, and Roger Chaffee.
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Apollo 7 was the first crewed Apollo mission with Wally Schirra, Donn F. Eisele, and Walter Cunningham.
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Apollo 8 was the first crewed Apollo mission that left Earth low-orbit and the first mission to reach another astronomical object, the Moon.
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Apollo 9 was the first flight of the full Apollo spacecraft
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Apollo 10 tested all the components and procedures necessary for landing on the moon
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Apollo 11 was the first spaceflight that landed humans on the moon