- 
  
  NASA is formed after Congress passes the National Aeronautics and Space Act
 - 
  
  Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin becomes the first human to enter space and return safely
 - 
  
  Launch of Friendship 7 (also part of the Mercury Project) makes astronaut John Glenn the first American to go into orbit. Total flight time was just shy of five hours
 - 
  
  Launch of Gemini 5, carrying astronauts Gordon Cooper and Charles Conrad on an eight-day mission to test rendezvous guidance and navigation systems, as well as study how humans could handle long-term exposure to a space environment. Gemini would be the critical link between the early Mercury Project and the Apollo missions
 - 
  
  Launch of Apollo 11
 - 
  
  Astronauts Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin and Neil Armstrong become the first men to walk on the moon