South Africa in second half of 20th century By hazel1904 1912 Establishment of ANC 1914 J.B.M Hertzog founds the Nationalist Party 1933 Coalition between NP & SA Government 1934 Self-governing state under British government 1939 Hertzog joined the NP with Daniel Malan 1945 British decolonization 1948 NP wins election, established Apartheid 1960 International pressure on the government 1961 South Africa declared total independence Period: 1961 to 2019 the National Party leaders slowly reduced the strictness of the apartheid. 1977 Steve Biko dies of brain injury 1982 Racist part of National Party broke off 1989 F.W.de Klerk became leader of National Party 1990 Released Nelson Mandela from prison 1992 F.W. de Klerk created new constitution 1993 F.W.de Klerk & Mandela ended apartheid 1994 Mandela becomes president of South Africa 1996 The Truth and Reconciliation Commission 2005 the National Party finally disbanded 2009 Jacob Zuma elected as president 2012 Nelson Mandela died 2018 Jacob resigned, Ramaphosa replaced him
